Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sulagna Dutta, Pallav Sengupta, Sanghamitra Das, Petr Slama, Shubhadeep Roychoudhury
Summary: Reactive nitrogen species (RNS) play important roles in male reproduction, but excessive levels can impair fertility by affecting testicular functions and compromising semen quality. High RNS levels lead to abnormalities in germ cells and gametes, and severely impact maturation and fertilization processes. Conventional semen analyses are not reliable predictors for assisted reproductive technology outcomes in cases of male infertility, highlighting the need for novel assessment and treatment methods.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
James Olukayode Olopade, Oluwaseun Ahmed Mustapha, Olanrewaju Ifeoluwa Fatola, Ejiro Ighorodje, Oluwabusayo Racheal Folarin, Funmilayo Eniola Olopade, Irene Chizubelu Omile, Adedunsola Ajike Obasa, Ademola Adetokunbo Oyagbemi, Matthew Ayokunle Olude, Alana Maureen Thackray, Raymond Bujdoso
Summary: Pollution by heavy metals poses a threat to public health, especially the brain. This study used African giant rats as sentinel hosts to evaluate the impact of heavy metal accumulation on the brain. Zinc, copper, and iron were found to be the major heavy metals in the brain and serum of the rats, with iron levels being the highest in animals from oil-polluted areas. Brain pathology, including inflammation and oxidative stress, was most severe in rats from the most polluted region. The study suggests that local and contextual neuropathologies can result from environmental pollution, and highlights the African giant rat as a suitable sentinel for ecotoxicological studies.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Amlan Das
Summary: Plastic pollution is a significant environmental threat that can cause detrimental effects on terrestrial and marine ecosystems as well as human health. The degradation of macroplastics into microplastics or nanoparticles can lead to organ damage and activation of intracellular signaling, resulting in cell death. Accumulating evidence supports the serious toxicity of microplastics/nanoparticles at various biological levels, and their involvement in oxidative stress and reactive oxygen species production. These particles can accumulate in mitochondria, disrupt the electron transport chain, and generate reactive free radicals that induce DNA damage, protein oxidation, lipid peroxidation, and compromise antioxidant defense. Moreover, microplastic-induced oxidative stress triggers multiple signaling cascades, leading to organ damage such as pulmonary toxicity, neurotoxicity, and hepatotoxicity. Despite ongoing research, there is a lack of proper models, interdisciplinary approaches, and mitigation strategies to fully understand and address the detrimental effects of microplastics/nanoparticles on human health.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Emily P. P. Evans, Jorien T. M. Scholten, Aldona Mzyk, Claudia Reyes-San-Martin, Arturo E. Llumbet, Thamir Hamoh, Eus G. J. M. Arts, Romana Schirhagl, Astrid E. P. Cantineau
Summary: Currently, 15% of couples are suffering from infertility, with 45-50% of cases attributed to male factors. Free radicals or reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a key role in the fertility process, while also serving important functions in sperm maturation. These ROS are influenced by lifestyle, age, and disease.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jagdish Gopal Paithankar, Sanjay Saini, Shiwangi Dwivedi, Anurag Sharma, Debapratim Kar Chowdhuri
Summary: The oxidative stress induced by heavy metals and its connection with different signaling pathways are complex, which may lead to a variety of health issues. Exposure to heavy metals/metalloids such as Arsenic, Chromium, Cadmium, and Lead can trigger oxidative stress and subsequently cellular and organismal responses, involving regulation of multiple signaling pathways.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Tahjib-Ul-Arif, Mst Ishrat Zahan, Md Masudul Karim, Shahin Imran, Charles T. Hunter, Md Saiful Islam, Md Ashik Mia, Md Abdul Hannan, Mohammad Saidur Rhaman, Md Afzal Hossain, Marian Brestic, Milan Skalicky, Yoshiyuki Murata
Summary: Recent studies have demonstrated that citric acid/citrate (CA) can enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stress by improving growth and yield, increasing photosynthetic rates, reducing reactive oxygen species, and promoting antioxidant defense systems. In particular, CA plays a major role in alleviating heavy metal stress by promoting precipitation, chelation, and sequestration of metal ions in plants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Caila Robinson, Richard F. Lockey, Narasaiah Kolliputi
Summary: Cd, an endocrine toxin found naturally in tobacco leaves, enters the body through inhalation and targets the lungs and kidneys. A study revealed that Cd mediates the persistence of activated lung macrophages, exacerbating lung injury, and identified PPARγ as an effective regulator for alternative activation of macrophages in response to Cd and Cd-induced lung injury.
Review
Environmental Sciences
Vishal Afreen, Kanza Hashmi, Rimsha Nasir, Ammara Saleem, Muhammad Imran Khan, Muhammad Furqan Akhtar
Summary: Microplastics (MPs) are polymers with a diameter of less than 5 mm, including polystyrene, polypropylene, and polyethylene. MPs come in various forms such as fragments, beads, fibers, and films, and are ingested by freshwater and land-based animals, entering their food chain and causing harmful effects on the female reproductive system, such as uterine toxicity, infertility, and neurotoxicity. This review explores the effects of polystyrene MPs (PS-MPs) on the female reproductive system and investigates the mechanisms by which they induce reproductive toxicity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Lanuza, Veronica Postils, Xabier Lopez
Summary: This study provides a detailed characterization of how aluminum alters redox equilibriums and increases oxidative stress in biological systems. The results confirm the ability of aluminum to modify redox potentials and interfere with free radical scavenging reactions in living organisms.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sulagna Dutta, Pallav Sengupta, Petr Slama, Shubhadeep Roychoudhury
Summary: Inflammation and oxidative stress are core causatives of male infertility, with a close connection between the two. Inflammation leads to elevated levels of proinflammatory mediators in the male reproductive tract, while oxidative stress causes oxidative damage to reproductive cells and intracellular components.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rasha Abu-Khudir, Hayfa Habes Almutairi, Sahar S. Abd El-Rahman, Karim Samy El-Said
Summary: The study investigated the protective role of the natural antioxidant hesperidin (HSD) against lead-acetate (PbAc)-induced testicular toxicity. The results showed that HSD treatment can restore the testicular injury induced by PbAc by suppressing oxidative stress and modulating reproductive hormones.
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Zhao Jinyuan, Zhang Qian, Wang Jian, Zhang Qi, Li Heng, Du Yaping
Summary: This paper briefly reviews the research progress on scavenging materials for ROS and proposes a three-level pyramidic structure for the design of related materials. The design of nano-hybrid free radical scavenger not only solves the toxicity problem, but also provides additional functions.
ACTA CHIMICA SINICA
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ademola C. Famurewa, Kaviyarasi Renu, Mohamed Ahmed Eladl, Rituraj Chakraborty, Haritha Myakala, Mohamed El-Sherbiny, Dalia Mahmoud Abdelmonem Elsherbini, Balachandar Vellingiri, Harishkumar Madhyastha, Uddesh Ramesh Wanjari, Anirban Goutam Mukherjee, Abilash Valsala Gopalakrishnan
Summary: Toxic heavy metals pose serious health risks and hesperidin and hesperetin may alleviate this toxicity through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Andrea M. P. Romani
Summary: Cisplatin is a commonly used chemotherapy agent that inhibits the growth of cancer cells by interfering with their DNA repair mechanism. However, its usage is limited due to significant side effects. Recent research has focused on combining cisplatin with other anti-cancer drugs and exploring its immunomodulatory effects.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anna T. Bergsma, Hui Ting Li, Jitske Eliveld, Marian L. C. Bulthuis, Annemieke Hoek, Harry van Goor, Arno R. Bourgonje, Astrid E. P. Cantineau
Summary: This study investigates the impact of oxidative stress on male infertility by comparing levels of free thiols and malondialdehyde (MDA) in seminal fluid and serum of infertile patients. The researchers find a positive correlation between seminal plasma-free thiol levels and sperm concentration and motility, as well as a positive correlation between MDA levels in seminal plasma and sperm concentration.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Priya Kumari, Priyanka Saraf, Abhay Singh Yadav
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2018)
Review
Toxicology
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Meenu Mittal, Priyanka Saraf, Priya Kumari
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Meenu Mittal, Priyanka Saraf
MOLECULAR REPRODUCTION AND DEVELOPMENT
(2019)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Raman Kumar, Poonam Bansal, Jasbir Singh, Suman Dhanda, Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj
WORLD JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2019)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raj Kamal, Ravinder Kumar, Vipan Kumar, Jitender K. Bhardwaj, Priyanka Saraf, Ajay Kumar, Kritika Pandit, Satwinderjeet Kaur, Prabhakar Chetti, Satyajit Beura
Summary: In this study, eleven novel [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrimidines were synthesized efficiently using DIB as the hypervalent iodine(III) reagent, and the regiochemistry of the final products was established through single crystal and X-ray crystallographic analysis. The synthesized compounds showed significant cytotoxicity against human osteosarcoma bone cancer and breast cancer cell lines, with compound 2g identified as a potent apoptotic inducer.
JOURNAL OF BIOMOLECULAR STRUCTURE & DYNAMICS
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Priyanka Saraf
MUTATION RESEARCH-GENETIC TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL MUTAGENESIS
(2020)
Review
Toxicology
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Harish Panchal, Priyanka Saraf
Summary: Cadmium is a toxic heavy metal that accumulates in organs such as the liver, kidney, and testes, leading to perturbed functioning. In the testes, cadmium induces oxidative stress, apoptosis of spermatogenic cells, reduction in androgen production, and impaired sperm functions. Understanding how cadmium toxicity affects various testicular processes is crucial for developing preventative measures to promote fertility among males.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED TOXICOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Harish Panchal, Priyanka Saraf
Summary: Oxidative stress is recognized as a main mediator of female infertility, causing various reproductive pathologies. Natural antioxidant compounds, especially from medicinal plants, have shown promising results in improving fertility in females. Further well-designed studies are needed to incorporate natural antioxidant compounds into the clinical management of female infertility.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Harish Panchal
Summary: The study revealed that quercetin has a significant protective effect against testicular toxicity induced by cadmium, reducing oxidative stress and restoring antioxidant status. The experiment further elucidated the potential benefits of quercetin in preventing or managing male reproductive toxicity caused by increasing cadmium contamination in the environment.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND MOLECULAR MUTAGENESIS
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Prabodh Chander Sharma, Diksha Sharma, Archana Sharma, Madhulika Bhagat, Monika Ola, Vijay Kumar Thakur, Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Ramesh K. Goyal
Summary: Microbial toxins have the potential to be a promising option for the treatment and management of cancer. They act on various biological targets and affect multiple cellular processes in cancer cells, including protein synthesis, cell growth, and cell cycle. These toxins are naturally derived and come from a variety of microbial species.
SEMINARS IN CANCER BIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Jitender K. Bhardwaj, Aakansha Paliwal, Priyanka Saraf, Som N. Sachdeva
Summary: Follicular development and maintenance of the primordial follicle pool play a crucial role in the reproductive lifespan of an organism, with autophagy serving as a key regulatory mechanism. Dysregulation or mutation of autophagy-related genes can significantly impact follicular development and, consequently, female reproductive health. Various signaling pathways are involved in regulating autophagy in granulosa and oocytes, with mTOR signaling being a primary mechanism.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microscopy
Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Vijay Kumar, Harish Panchal, Som Nath Sachdeva
Summary: This study utilized transmission electron microscopy to investigate the adverse effects of glyphosate on goat testicular germ cells and the mitigating effects of N-acetyl-L-cysteine. The results showed that glyphosate induced apoptotic characteristics in testicular germ cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, but NAC was able to alleviate this cytotoxicity, suggesting its potential in reducing glyphosate-induced gonadotoxicity in males.
ULTRASTRUCTURAL PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
K. K. Bansal, J. K. Bhardwaj, P. Saraf, V. K. Thakur, P. C. Sharma
MATERIALS TODAY CHEMISTRY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Parvin Kumar, Meenakshi Duhan, Kulbir Kadyan, Jitender Kumar Bhardwaj, Priyanka Saraf, Meenu Mittal
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Manigandan Nagarajan, Gobichettipalayam Balasubramaniam Maadurshni, Jeganathan Manivannan
Summary: This study found that exposure to BPA exacerbates hypertension-induced pathological changes, including renal fibrosis, oxidative stress, elevated angiotensin-converting enzyme activity, dysfunction of antioxidant and tricarboxylic acid cycle enzymes, tissue lipid abnormalities, and expression of inflammatory factors. In addition, high levels of BPA have dose-dependent effects on kidney cells, including oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and lipid peroxidation. Therefore, a precise investigation of BPA exposure in hypertensive populations is highly recommended during risk assessment.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Haiping Bao, Qiang Zhang, Yu Li, Chen Nie
Summary: In this study, the role of circDLGAP4 in Parkinson's disease (PD) was investigated. The results showed that circDLGAP4 upregulated HMGA2 by recruiting EIF4A3, thus alleviating neuronal injury in PD.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lina Yang, Tianwei He, Yanming Yu
Summary: This study found that uric acid induces kidney injury by inducing IL-17 expression, and treatment with anti-IL-17 antibody can alleviate uric acid-induced kidney injury.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2024)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ediandra T. Castro, Amalia G. Alves, Daniela de Bittencourt Maia, Larissa S. Magalhaes, Mariana P. Paim, Filipe Penteado, Caroline S. Gomes, Eder J. Lenardao, Cesar A. Bruning, Cristiani F. Bortolatto
Summary: This study investigated the antioxidant activity and toxicity of selenium-containing compounds in liver tissue. The results showed that these compounds have potential antioxidant effects, which can be attributed to their ability to scavenge free radicals and mimic enzyme activity. Additionally, one of the compounds exhibited low toxicity.
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMICAL AND MOLECULAR TOXICOLOGY
(2024)