Article
Biology
Hiroaki Eshima, Justin L. Shahtout, Piyarat Siripoksup, MacKenzie J. Pearson, Ziad S. Mahmassani, Patrick J. Ferrara, Alexis W. Lyons, John Alan Maschek, Alek D. Peterlin, Anthony R. P. Verkerke, Jordan M. Johnson, Anahy Salcedo, Jonathan J. Petrocelli, Edwin R. Miranda, Ethan J. Anderson, Sihem Boudina, Qitao Ran, James E. Cox, Micah J. Drummond, Katsuhiko Funai
Summary: ROS accumulation is a key characteristic of skeletal muscle atrophy. The role of ROS in the loss of muscle mass and strength is not clear. This study reveals that LOOH, a type of ROS, promotes muscle atrophy in a lysosomal-dependent manner. Inhibition of LOOH prevents muscle atrophy and weakness in both young and old mice, suggesting that LOOH-derived carbonyl stress mediates age- and disuse-induced muscle dysfunction.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rojina Ranjit, Holly Van Remmen, Bumsoo Ahn
Summary: Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of muscle mass and dysfunction, affects the elderly and has negative effects on their quality of life. However, no pharmacological therapies are currently available for this condition. Recent studies have shown that ghrelin, a gut-released hormone, has protective effects on skeletal muscle. In this study, it was found that unacylated ghrelin can reduce muscle atrophy and contractile dysfunction.
Article
Oncology
Lidia Delrieu, Agnes Martin, Marina Touillaud, Olivia Perol, Magali Morelle, Olivia Febvey-Combes, Damien Freyssenet, Christine Friedenreich, Armelle Dufresne, Thomas Bachelot, Pierre-Etienne Heudel, Olivier Tredan, Hugo Crochet, Amine Bouhamama, Frank Pilleul, Vincent Pialoux, Beatrice Fervers
Summary: The study suggests potential benefits of physical activity for maintaining muscle mass, while sarcopenia can disrupt the pro and antioxidant balance, leading to an increased risk of toxicities.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nicola Veronese, Ligia J. Dominguez, Saverio Ragusa, Luisa Solimando, Lee Smith, Francesco Bolzetta, Stefania Maggi, Mario Barbagallo
Summary: The study examined the relationship between dietary acrylamide intake and physical performance tests, revealing that higher intake was associated with poorer physical performance, suggesting a potential role for this food contaminant as a risk factor for sarcopenia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sakulrat Mankhong, Sujin Kim, Sohee Moon, Jae-Seon Lee, Eun-Jeong Cho, Hyo-Bum Kwak, Dong-Ho Park, Ji-Kan Ryu, Ju-Hee Kang
Summary: Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is a combination of muscle atrophy and obesity in elderly people, which leads to negative health outcomes. This study investigated the effects of melatonin and exercise training on SO in mice and found that both interventions improved skeletal muscle function and reduced atrophy. This improvement was attributed to the preservation of satellite cells and the reduction of cellular senescence and mitochondrial dysfunction.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ines Marques-Aleixo, Jorge Beleza, Arnaldina Sampaio, Jelena Stevanovic, Pedro Coxito, Ines Goncalves, Antonio Ascensao, Jose Magalhaes
Summary: The prevalence of age-related neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) is increasing with the global rise in life expectancy, impacting health, social systems, and economies significantly. While pharmaceutical therapies for NDDs have limited benefits, regular physical exercise is seen as a nonpharmacological alternative that can modulate brain structure and function for a healthier neurological phenotype.
ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shengchen Wang, Xia Zhao, Qingqing Liu, Yue Wang, Shu Li, Shiwen Xu
Summary: This study reveals the important role of SelK in skeletal muscle myogenesis. Loss of SelK delays skeletal muscle regeneration and inhibits the development of myoblasts into myotubes. In addition, SelK deficiency leads to increased cellular stress, oxidative stress, autophagy, and apoptosis. Supplementation with specific inhibitors partially restores the differentiation potential and formation of myotubes.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Cong Wu, Katsuhiko Suzuki
Summary: Flavonoids may have a great potential to treat sarcopenia by improving skeletal muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in older adults.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Rizwan Qaisar, Mughal Qayum, Tahir Muhammad
Summary: The study found reduced SERCA activity in skeletal muscles of asthmatic patients, along with alterations in the expression of regulatory proteins and cellular redox environment. These findings suggest that muscle weakness and atrophy in asthma are partly driven by SERCA dysfunction and oxidative stress.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Antonio Michelucci, Chen Liang, Feliciano Protasi, Robert T. Dirksen
Summary: This review highlights the importance of Ca2+ signaling and ATP generation in skeletal muscle contraction and outlines the role of impaired Ca2+ handling, dysfunctional ROS/RNS production, and structural/functional alterations in CRUs and mitochondria in various muscle disorders. Understanding these processes is crucial for identifying potential therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse muscle dysfunction in aging and disease.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cassandra Smith, Joshua R. Lewis, Marc Sim, Wai H. Lim, Ee Mun Lim, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Tara C. Brennan-Speranza, Leon Adams, Elizabeth Byrnes, Gustavo Duque, Itamar Levinger, Richard L. Prince
Summary: Evidence suggests that high ucOC/tOC ratio in older women is associated with reduced physical function, including long-term decline and increased risk of falls-related hospitalizations. Early identification of those at higher risk can enable prevention strategies to reduce the risk of injurious falls.
JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Jee Won Kim, Ryuni Kim, Hyerim Choi, Sang-Jin Lee, Gyu-Un Bae
Summary: Sarcopenia, the gradual loss of skeletal muscle mass and function with aging, is a social burden due to healthcare costs in super-aging societies. Although research has identified various factors contributing to sarcopenia, effective treatment remains elusive.
ARCHIVES OF PHARMACAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siti Liyana Saud Gany, Kok-Yong Chin, Jen Kit Tan, Amilia Aminuddin, Suzana Makpol
Summary: Sarcopenia, the age-related loss of muscle mass, strength, and functions, is associated with oxidative stress and inflammation. Curcumin, a natural compound with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities derived from turmeric, may have therapeutic effects on muscle health. This review summarizes the evidence from cellular, animal, and human studies, suggesting that curcumin prevents muscle degeneration, maintains satellite cell function, protects mitochondrial function, and suppresses inflammation and oxidative stress. However, more evidence from carefully planned human clinical trials is needed to confirm these findings.
Review
Orthopedics
Yu-Feng Long, Simon Kwoon-Ho Chow, Can Cui, Ronald Man Yeung Wong, Ling Qin, Sheung-Wai Law, Wing-Hoi Cheung
Summary: This systematic review investigates the effects of physical exercise on mitochondria during aging, highlighting the potential mechanisms through which exercise improves muscle performance by regulating mitochondrial dynamic equilibrium. The findings provide scientific support for using exercise as a timely intervention for sarcopenia, and offer insights for the development of new therapeutic interventions to attenuate sarcopenia.
JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC TRANSLATION
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Chantal A. Vella, Iva Miljkovic, Candice A. Price, Matthew Allison
Summary: The study found that most types of physical activity were positively associated with abdominal muscle area and density, independent of relevant covariates.
JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raffaella Franciotti, Pamela Pignatelli, Claudia Carrarini, Federica Maria Romei, Martina Mastrippolito, Antonella Gentile, Rosa Mancinelli, Stefania Fulle, Adriano Piattelli, Marco Onofrj, Maria Cristina Curia
Summary: This study aimed to quantify Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) abundance in the oral cavity of neurodegenerative disease patients and found that Pg levels were significantly higher in neurodegenerative disease patients compared to other groups. The results also showed a strong correlation between Pg abundance in the oral cavity and antibody levels in patients, suggesting that oral pathogens may induce an antibody systemic response that influences disease progression.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Margherita Tumedei, Rosa Mancinelli, Ester Sara Di Filippo, Mariangela Marrone, Giovanna Iezzi, Adriano Piattelli, Stefania Fulle
Summary: This study evaluated the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs stimulated by melatonin on equine bone blocks. The results showed that melatonin and equine bone blocks increased the osteogenic potential of hDPSCs and regulated the expression of miRNAs and genes related to osteogenesis. These findings suggest that hDPSCs/equine bone block and melatonin could be a promising biocomplex for bone regeneration with potential clinical application.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PERIODONTICS & RESTORATIVE DENTISTRY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ester Sara Di Filippo, Franco Checcaglini, Giorgio Fano-Illic, Stefania Fulle
Summary: In order to respond to changes in the environment and carry out necessary metabolic functions, cells require a functional control center. This review identifies the mitochondrion as such a control center, where messengers like H2O2, Ca2+, and Zn2+ collaborate to activate adaptive response mechanisms. By exchanging information, these messengers generate a holistic response of the cell.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Silvia Sancilio, Sara Nobilio, Antonio Giulio Ruggiero, Ester Sara Di Filippo, Gianmarco Stati, Stefania Fulle, Rosa Grazia Bellomo, Raoul Saggini, Roberta Di Pietro
Summary: This study demonstrates for the first time the direct effects of mechanical vibrations on human satellite cells. These effects vary between young and aged samples, with cells from young subjects exhibiting a proliferative response and cells from aged subjects exhibiting a differentiative response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Francesco Maria Achille Consoli, Yara Bernaldo de Quiros, Manuel Arbelo, Stefania Fulle, Marco Marchisio, Mario Encinoso, Antonio Fernandez, Miguel A. Rivero
Summary: Cetaceans are marine mammals that have evolved to adapt to life in the water. However, the characteristics of their bone tissue are still not well-studied. This study used computed tomography to measure the bone radiodensity of cetacean humerus and compared it between different species and within the same species. The results showed significant differences in bone density between different types of bone and different portions of the humerus. These differences were also observed between species with different diving and swimming habits. This technique can be used to compare and understand the unique adaptations of cetaceans in the aquatic ecosystem.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giorgio Fano-Illic, Stefania Fulle
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paolo Carpineto, Ester Sara Di Filippo, Agbeanda Aharrh Gnama, Danilo Bondi, Carla Iafigliola, Arturo Maria Licata, Stefania Fulle
Summary: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a condition characterized by abnormal scarring within the eye that can occur after retinal detachment. This study aimed to investigate the expression profiles of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) in subretinal fluid collected from patients with retinal detachment and to evaluate their potential correlation with PVR risk factors. The results showed a positive association between the expression of miR-21 and miR-34 and the duration of retinal detachment symptoms, as well as a trend of decreased expression of miR-146a in patients who developed PVR. This suggests that analyzing miRNA expression in subretinal fluid could provide insights into the development of PVR.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Felice Lorusso, Antonio Scarano, Stefania Fulle, Luca Valbonetti, Rosa Mancinelli, Ester Sara Di Filippo
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of three natural compounds (resveratrol, curcumin, and apigenin) on the gene expression of human dental pulp stem cells and evaluated their healing effects on critical-size defects in rat calvaria. The results showed that these compounds had positive effects on gene expression and apigenin exhibited the most significant bone healing effects. This study provides new possibilities for promoting bone regeneration through nutraceutical supplementation.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Francesco Coscia, Rosa Mancinelli, Paola Virginia Gigliotti, Franco Checcaglini, Giorgio Fano-Illic
Summary: This observational study examines the effects of physical activity on fatigue perception, maximum power output, sleep, and cognitive changes in long COVID-19 subjects. The results show that active subjects have significantly reduced fatigue perception compared to sedentary ones. Additionally, both active and sedentary subjects experienced reduced strength development, poor sleep quality, and mild cognitive impairment.
Article
Microbiology
Raffaella Franciotti, Pamela Pignatelli, Domenica Lucia D'Antonio, Rosa Mancinelli, Stefania Fulle, Matteo Alessandro De Rosa, Valentina Puca, Adriano Piattelli, Astrid Maria Thomas, Marco Onofrj, Stefano Luca Sensi, Maria Cristina Curia
Summary: Previous studies have shown that there is a connection between oral microbial dysbiosis and the development and progression of pathologies in the central nervous system. This study found that Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), a key pathogen in the oral cavity, had higher abundance in the oral cavities of patients with neurodegenerative diseases compared to healthy controls and patients with acute neurological conditions. The abundance of Pg in the oral cavity was also higher in patients with chronic neurological conditions compared to healthy controls. Only the patients with chronic neurological conditions had higher levels of anti-Pg antibodies in their serum. The immune system's response to Pg abundance in the oral cavity decreased progressively from patients with acute conditions to patients with chronic nervous system disorders and finally to patients with neurodegenerative diseases.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ester Sara Di Filippo, Sara Chiappalupi, Michele Balsamo, Marco Vukich, Guglielmo Sorci, Stefania Fulle
Summary: The study aims to investigate the effects of real microgravity on the differentiation capacity of human muscle precursor cells. The results will be helpful in preventing or counteracting muscle atrophy. Prolonged exposure to microgravity can lead to instability in organs and tissues, including excessive muscle atrophy, and affect the functionality of satellite cells.
APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL
(2022)