Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kun Gao, Shengwei Zhang, Mounarik Mondal, Soumyabrata Basak, Sung-Tae Hong, Heechan Shim
Summary: Friction stir spot welding of dissimilar S45C steel and 6061-T6 aluminum alloy in a butt configuration was experimentally investigated, showing that increasing the tool rotational speed can improve the thickness of the IMC layer and tensile strength. The performance of the joint is closely related to the IMCs at the joint interface, as shown by tensile tests and microstructural analysis.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Qing Jiang, Jin Yang, Rui Xiao, Min Zheng, Jiawei Jiang, Jing Xue, Wenhu Xu, Jiayi Xu, Hua Zhang
Summary: In this study, laser spot welding technology was used for the first time to join low carbon steel and AA5052 aluminum alloy using a FeCoNiCrMn equimolar high entropy alloys (HEAs) interlayer. The addition of the HEA interlayer promoted the formation of a Fe-rich Fe-Al IMC with reduced brittleness and hardness. As a result, the joint fracture load increased from 963 N to 1473 N and the displacement dramatically increased from 0.66 mm to 3.32 mm. Another contributing factor to the outstanding ductility of the dissimilar laser joint was the formation of a conical fusion zone, which enabled both metallurgical bonding and mechanical interlocking at the interface.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Ali Rasouli, Homam Naffakh-Moosavy
Summary: NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA) offers various industrial applications, but the formation of intermetallic compounds in the joint with Ni20Cr alloy leads to reduced mechanical properties and increased hardness. Post-weld heat treatment can alter the microstructure and mechanical properties of the welded joint and produce NiTi intermetallic phase.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Feng Qin, Chunbo Zhang, Jun Zhou, Kai Xu, Qi Wang, Yunlei Li, Wenhan Zhang
Summary: The weldability of a dissimilar metal hybrid structure, specifically the connection between a φ130 forged ring of 2219 aluminum alloy and 304 stainless steel using inertia friction welding, was studied in this article. Various techniques such as OM, EBSD, and SEM were utilized to examine the microstructure of the joint. The research revealed a significant thermal-mechanical coupling effect during welding, leading to inadequate recrystallization on the aluminum-side TMAZ and the formation of zonal features. The growth of intermetallic compounds on the joint faying surface was inhibited due to the fast cooling rate, and metallurgical bonding characteristics were found based on the discontinuous distribution of IMCs. The average joint tensile strength reached 161.3 MPa, achieving 92.2% of 2219-O, and ductile fracture characteristics were observed on the aluminum-side base metal.
FRONTIERS IN MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Danilo Ambrosio, Vincent Wagner, Javier Vivas, Gilles Dessein, Egoitz Aldanondo, Olivier Cahuc
Summary: The friction stir weldability of Ti6Al4V T-joints was investigated in this study. The influence of tool and welding parameters on weld quality was studied, and the joints' mechanical strength was assessed for future applications. Co-based FSW tools wear was characterized by monitoring wear during tests. The defectivity of the welds was analyzed using cross-section macrographies. Regardless of the welding parameters and tools used, internal voids were avoided, and a suitable weldability window was identified. Microstructure observations confirmed temperatures below the fl-transus point even in the nugget zone, ensuring optimal mechanical strengths for the joints. However, issues such as section thinning, kissing bond defects, and tool wear must be addressed to prevent low elongation at break and ensure the mechanical strength of the joints.
ARCHIVES OF CIVIL AND MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Huihong Liu, Hidetoshi Fujii
Summary: Friction welding of Ti-6Al-4V alloy and SUS316L stainless steel was conducted with ultralow rotation speed and high friction pressure, resulting in the successful fabrication of a high-quality joint.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
R. Beygi, M. Zarezadeh Mehrizi, A. Akhavan-Safar, S. Safaei, A. Loureiro, L. F. M. da Silva
Summary: Friction stir welding was used to successfully weld an aluminum sheet to a carbon steel in a butt configuration with a new joint design. During tensile testing of the joint, an abrupt load drop was observed due to crack propagation from pre-existed cracks in the intermetallic compound layer. Analysis showed that irregularities and fragments of steel in the intermetallic compound layer delayed crack propagation, resulting in a higher fracture energy compared to joints with a continuous intermetallic compound layer from heat treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Kiyoaki T. Suzuki, Shun Omura, Shun Tokita, Yutaka S. Sato, Yujiro Tatsumi
Summary: In this study, an aluminum alloy sheet was successfully welded to a nickel-plated iron sheet using a silicon-containing aluminum filler by gas tungsten arc welding. The joint strength of the aluminum/iron interface was improved by the simultaneous addition of silicon and nickel, which resulted in a reduction in the intermetallic compound layer thickness and the refinement of its grains. The addition of silicon alone reduced the thickness of the intermetallic compound layer, while the addition of nickel further refined its grains. The combination of silicon and nickel showed the most effective improvement in joint strength.
MATERIALS & DESIGN
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Peizhi Xu, Xueming Hua, Chen Shen, Gang Mou, Fang Li
Summary: This study investigates the mechanism of silicon element in improving the joint strength of Al/steel dissimilar joints, showcasing that silicon helps enhance strength and suppress brittle fractures in the joint.
MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mingqiu Wang, Naiwen Fang, Laibo Sun, Pengbo Wu, Ruisheng Huang, Kai Xu, Xingxing Wang, Jian Qin, Zhenzhen Zhou, Shuai Li, Jinhua Su, Weimin Long
Summary: This study investigated the microstructure and properties of a welded joint obtained by laser welding using a self-developed Ti-Al-V-Mo system titanium alloy flux-cored wire as filler wire. The welded joint showed a predominance of acicular alpha' martensite in the welded metal, with the heat affected zone consisting mainly of a primary alpha(p) phase, Widmanstatten, and a few alpha' martensite and residual beta phase. The strength and elongation of the welded joint were equivalent to that of the base metal. The results suggest that the designed welding method of titanium flux-cored wire and laser wire filling is suitable for high-quality welding of titanium alloy plate.
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Lei Kang, Xin Li, Jing Chen, Yu Zhang, Ting Wang
Summary: This research investigated the microstructures and mechanical properties of laser penetration welded joints of overlap steel-on-aluminum. It was found that adding a nickel interlayer significantly enhanced the tensile property of the joint and decreased the hardness of the intermetallic compounds, thus improving the toughness of the welded joint.
Review
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mohammad Syahid Mohd Isa, Kaveh Moghadasi, Mohammad Ashraf Ariffin, Sufian Raja, Mohd Ridha bin Muhamad, Farazila Yusof, Mohd Fadzil Jamaludin, Nukman bin Yusoff, Mohd Sayuti bin Ab Karim
Summary: Friction stir welding (FSW) technology shows great potential in effectively joining dissimilar metals, such as aluminum and copper, and is widely applicable in various industrial fields. Research on this technology covers process parameters, microstructure, mechanical properties, electrical characteristics, and suggests that additives and new techniques could enhance joint performance between aluminum and copper. Numerical modeling is employed to understand the effects of variations in process parameters on temperature gradients and microstructure evolution, providing a cost-effective alternative to physical testing.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Yunfei Meng, Laihege Jiang, Ling Cen, Ming Gao
Summary: In this study, laser-arc hybrid welding combined with beam oscillation was used to suppress the formation of brittle intermetallic compounds at the interface of Al/steel butt-joints, leading to improved uniformity of the weld. The optimized frequency of 150 Hz successfully suppressed weld defects and transformed the interface from an uneven two-layer IMCs to a uniform single-layer IMCs, resulting in a 65% increase in tensile property and a 96% enhancement in bending property.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Xiaohu Hao, Xinlong Wei, Shuhua Li, Zeqin Cui, Wenxian Wang, Honggang Dong, Weiguo Li
Summary: Gas tungsten arc welding with a pure Cu filler wire was used to join TC4 titanium alloy and 304 stainless steel. By regulating the welding current, the concentrated generation of Ti-Fe brittle intermetallic compounds could be effectively restrained. The study found that in the partial fusion welding mode, a mechanical interlocking effect was formed, leading to a high tensile strength of the weld joint.
SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF WELDING AND JOINING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mingjian Peng, Hongbing Liu, Yang Xuan, Xu Liu, Lei Xu, Zhishui Yu
Summary: The study on welding ductile cast iron and alloy steel using MIAB technique revealed that non-uniform heating during welding resulted in significant increase in weld hardness, while the tensile strength ranged from 83.6% to 95.6% of the base metal.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2021)
Article
Automation & Control Systems
Karina Aparecida Martins Barcelos Goncalves, Geraldo Lucio de Faria, Rafael Humberto Mota de Siqueira, Tarcisio Reis de Oliveira, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima
Summary: This study focused on autogenous welding of AISI 420 martensitic steel using a fiber laser and analyzed the effects of different treatment conditions on phase transformation and hardness. The results showed that the fusion zone had significantly higher hardness than the base material, with the annealed state exhibiting the highest wear resistance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. W. A. Figueredo, L. H. R. Apolinario, M. V. Santos, A. C. S. Silva, J. A. Avila, M. S. F. Lima, T. F. A. Santos
Summary: Control of process parameters and knowledge of material characteristics are crucial for obtaining excellent metallurgical unions in laser cladding. The laser power has a greater impact on the width and dilution of depositions, while scanning speed influences deposition height. Different addition metal characteristics can lead to significant changes in the geometric features of the depositions.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2021)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Diego Tolotti de Almeida, Thomas Gabriel Rosauro Clarke, Joao Henrique Correa de Souza, William Haupt, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima, Hardy Mohrbacher
Summary: This study evaluates laser welding of heavy gage press hardened steel, with welded samples of the modified steel variant found to have a more favorable microstructure and improved mechanical properties.
MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
(2021)
Article
Optics
Isabela Atilio Ligabo, Rafael Humberto Mota de Siqueira, Caroline Cristine de Andrade Ferreira, Vagner Braga, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima
Summary: In this study, a high-powered infrared laser beam was used to test the damage threshold of CFRP and GFRP composite materials. The results showed that the damage threshold for CFRP was 0.8 J, while for GFRP it was 3.3 J. The Cu-coated substrate was more susceptible to damage due to explosive boiling at the interface between copper and the composite material.
OPTICS AND LASER TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Henrique Varella Ribeiro, Milton Sergio Fernandes Lima, Jose Benedito Marcomini, Filipe Correa Pinto, Carlos Antonio Reis Pereira Baptista
Summary: This paper evaluates the fatigue crack growth in HSLA steel plates welded by flash butt welding and laser beam welding. Different welding processes result in distinct microstructures, which significantly affect hardness but not fatigue crack growth. Furthermore, weld beads show higher resistance to fatigue crack growth compared to the base metal.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Diego Tolotti de Almeida, Kleber Eduardo Bianchi, Joao Henrique Correa de Souza, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima, Thomas Gabriel Rosauro Clarke, Fabio Pinto da Silva, Hardy Mohrbacher
Summary: This study investigates and compares the fatigue performance of laser-welded joints of two press hardening steels: a standard 22MnB5 and a variant modified by NbMo alloying. The results indicate that joint geometry aspects and intrusion-generated damage mechanism are the main causes of poor fatigue life. The NbMo modified alloy performs better than the standard steel. Laser-welded joints of press hardened steels could offer favorable fatigue performance if tight quality limits are used in the manufacturing procedures, surpassing that of conventional and high strength structural steels.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
D. V. Isquierdo, R. H. M. Siqueira, S. M. Carvalho, M. S. F. Lima
Summary: This study investigates the effect of preheating a AISI 304 steel substrate to 300 degrees C on the absorptivity of the laser beam, heat transfer, microstructure, hardness, and residual stress during direct energy deposition (DED) additive manufacturing of a AISI 316 L steel deposit. The results show that preheating the substrate reduces the absorptivity of the laser beam. The microstructure, hardness, and residual stress of the manufactured steel deposits were similar under both room temperature and high temperature conditions.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY-JMR&T
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Milton Lima, Ricardo Lima, Fernando Lins, Michel Bonfim
Summary: This paper introduces Beholder, an Intrusion Detection and Prevention System (IDPS) for preventing attacks on MQTT and CoAP protocols. By utilizing Complex Event Processing (CEP) technology, Beholder can analyze data streams and detect attacks on IoT applications. The evaluation process demonstrates that the system achieves a high level of precision in attack detection.
COMPUTERS & SECURITY
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Rafael Humberto Mota de Siqueira, Diego Javier Celentano, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima
Summary: This study presents a possible methodology for manufacturing CubeSats using additive manufacturing and laser beam welding. Titanium connectors were constructed through selective laser melting and electron beam melting, and were joined to titanium tubes via laser spot welding. The results show that the fiber laser welds exhibited full penetration with the desired hardness, and spot welding can effectively resist forces above 2000 N.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Isabela A. Ligabo, Vagner Braga, Caroline C. A. Ferreira, Rafael H. M. Siqueira, Julio C. Lourenco, Antonio J. Abdalla, Milton S. F. Lima
Summary: The aim of this study was to evaluate the porosity, microstructure, hardness, and electrochemical behavior of AISI 316 steel layers deposited on an AISI 347 steel substrate using the LMD process. The results showed that the deposited layers exhibited a predominantly austenitic microstructure and the porosity decreased with the increase in deposited layers.
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
E. L. S. Junior, R. Leibholz, M. S. F. Lima, K. Zilnyk
Summary: Hybrid casting is a new fabrication concept that can reduce costs and production time of large tools. The analysis of a hybrid material composed of high chromium cast iron (HCCI) and low carbon steel (WCB) showed a metallurgical bonding and the absence of defects at the interface. The subzero quenching treatment was effective in reducing the hardness reduction of the HCCI. The results demonstrate the feasibility of producing reliable bimetallic components through hybrid casting.
MATERIALS RESEARCH-IBERO-AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering
Deisi Vieira, Jose Eduardo May, Graziela da Silva Savonov, Rafael Humberto Mota de Siqueira, Milton Sergio Fernandes de Lima
Summary: This study investigated the effect of fiber laser CLW on the tensile shear strength and corrosion behavior of superposed stainless steel AISI 304 sheets. The results showed that the ultimate tensile strength reached 159 MPa under optimal process parameters, which was 17% higher than the lowest result. Additionally, the corrosion rate, corrosion potential, and pitting potential did not significantly change in the welded joint compared to the base metal.
SOLDAGEM & INSPECAO
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
J. A. Da Silva Neto, M. S. De Lima, A. F. N. De Azeredo, G. A. De Azeredo
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the use of stone powder waste and waste tire rubber as substitutes for traditional aggregates in concrete, with results showing that these alternative materials can replace traditional aggregates by up to 15% for structural concrete.
