Article
Fisheries
Morten Omholt Alver, Martin Fore, Jo Arve Alfredsen
Summary: The research team developed a mathematical model based on the advection-diffusion equation to predict dissolved oxygen levels in fish sea cages. The model was tested in a large production unit and performed well, but may require more detailed information on fish behavior and current conditions within the cages to improve accuracy.
Article
Engineering, Marine
Bibbi Maria Kallay Hjelle, Albert Kjartan Dagbjartarson Imsland, Pablo Vigo Balseiro, Sigurd Olav Handeland
Summary: The AcuLice system, which uses a composite acoustic sound image, has been shown to effectively reduce the number of salmon lice on Atlantic salmon without causing additional stress to the fish.
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Callum Howard, John F. Taylor, Herve Migaud, Alejandro P. Gutierrez, Michael Bekaert
Summary: Diploid and triploid Atlantic salmon have physiological differences, but no significant difference was found in their rate of embryogenesis. However, triploids hatch more quickly and have a higher rate of mortality.
Article
Fisheries
Omar Sickander, Ramon Filgueira
Summary: Aquaculture is a rapidly growing industry, and Integrated Multi-Trophic Aquaculture (IMTA) is a potential solution to minimize waste impact on ecosystems. However, there are challenges to implementing IMTA in Atlantic Salmon farms, such as scaling up extractive species and economic issues.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ana S. Gomes, Fabian Zimmermann, Ernst M. Hevroy, Marcus A. L. Soyland, Tom J. Hansen, Tom Ole Nilsen, Ivar Ronnestad
Summary: Precision feeding aims to provide optimal growth and performance for farmed animals while minimizing feed waste. This study examined the relationship between meals, feed deprivation time, and the feed consumed by Atlantic salmon post smolts. The results showed that the time between meals and the size of the previous meal significantly affected the feed intake in the following meal, suggesting the possibility of optimizing meal size.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Nicholas Robinson, Christian Karlsen, Elisabeth Ytteborg, Aleksei Krasnov, Jascha Gerwins, Hanne Johnsen, Jelena Kolarevic
Summary: Recirculating aquaculture systems (RAS) have potential benefits, such as reducing water use and improving biosecurity, but may hinder the early development of Atlantic salmon, leading to thinner epidermis, less vertebral mineralization, and altered gene expression related to bone and skin development. These differences in early development could potentially affect the robustness of salmon at later life stages.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Soren B. Hansen, Davide Bozzi, Sarah S. T. Mak, Cecilie G. Clausen, Tue K. Nielsen, Miyako Kodama, Lars H. Hansen, M. Thomas P. Gilbert, Morten T. Limborg
Summary: Obtaining desired phenotypic traits in aquacultural production of Atlantic salmon is still a challenge, and the presence of host-associated microorganisms might contribute to this challenge. Understanding the factors that shape the microbiota is crucial for manipulating it towards desired host traits. In this study, DNA methylation differences associated with a tenacibaculosis outbreak and microbiota displacement in Atlantic salmon were investigated, revealing potential genes involved in host-microbiota interactions and the importance of considering epigenetic factors in manipulating farmed fish microbiota.
Article
Fisheries
E. Ghanizadeh-Kazerouni, J. M. Wilson, S. R. M. Jones, C. J. Brauner
Summary: This study investigated the regenerative capability of gill tissue in Atlantic salmon. The results showed that approximately 38% of the resected gill filament length regenerated after 20 weeks. The regeneration percentage varied significantly among individuals but was not correlated with initial body size, condition factor, or overall fish growth rate. Immunohistochemistry showed increased cell proliferation at the filament tip shortly after resection, followed by the appearance of ionocytes, chemoreceptive neuroepithelial cells, and nerve fibers.
Article
Fisheries
Fabio S. Zanuzzo, Ellen de Fatima C. Peroni, Rebeccah M. Sandrelli, Sophie St-Hilaire, Nicole O'Brien, Anthony K. Gamperl
Summary: Climate change is increasing ocean temperatures, posing challenges for the Atlantic salmon aquaculture industry, such as lower tissue antibiotic concentrations due to high temperatures. Research shows that high temperatures decrease tissue antibiotic concentrations in Atlantic salmon, emphasizing the importance of considering water temperature in antibiotic treatments.
Article
Fisheries
Annette S. Boerlage, Shailesh Shrestha, Ilkka Leinonen, Mona Dverdal Jansen, Crawford W. Revie, Aaron Reeves, Luiza Toma
Summary: Cultured and wild Atlantic salmon are affected by sea lice. This study estimates the cost-effectiveness of sea lice management measures in Scotland and finds that skirts and the use of in-feed medicines are the most cost-effective. Integrated management strategies may reduce the risk of developing resistance.
Article
Fisheries
Chantelle E. Reid, Andrew Bissett, Christine Huynh, John P. Bowman, Richard S. Taylor
Summary: In intensive Atlantic salmon aquaculture, faecal score can serve as an indicator of gut microbiome diversity and composition, and can be used to detect dysbiosis. However, the utility of faecal scoring for assessing commercially farmed fish populations may be affected by rapid changes in digestive status following feeding.
Article
Fisheries
Carolyn M. Rosten, John Reidar Mathiassen, Zsolt Volent
Summary: Continuous data on fish condition is crucial for real-time monitoring and management in fish farms, but obtaining it from a large net-pen environment is challenging. This study explores the potential of passive acoustic monitoring in aquaculture by investigating the influence of Atlantic salmon on the soundscape of a net-pen. The results show that Atlantic salmon alter the acoustic environment and that the acoustic fingerprint of the net-pen varies over time, reflecting the feeding status of the fish. These findings demonstrate the potential for passive acoustic monitoring in fish farms and its significance for data-driven management in aquaculture.
Article
Immunology
Carlo C. Lazado, Mette W. Breiland, Francisco Furtado, Erik Burgerhout, David Strand
Summary: This study reports the circulating plasma metabolome of Atlantic salmon infected with Neoparamoeba perurans, the causative agent of amoebic gill disease (AGD). The results show that low infection levels resulted in a more dramatic metabolomic dysregulation than advanced infection stages. The identified metabolites are potential biological markers for the systemic physiological impact of AGD.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Susan Jarvis, Maureen A. Ellis, James F. Turnbull, Sonia Rey Planellas, Francoise Wemelsfelder
Summary: There is a growing consensus that fish are sentient beings capable of experiencing pain and suffering, leading to the challenge of assessing the welfare of farmed fish. This study explores the use of Qualitative Behavioral Assessment (QBA) as a potential tool for monitoring the welfare of farmed salmon. The results show promise in using QBA to efficiently assess the welfare of juvenile salmon under farmed conditions.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Melissa M. Rocker, Michael J. Lewis, Thomas S. Mock, David S. Francis, Federica Bellagamba, Vittorio M. Moretti, Gerry P. Quinn, Richard P. Smullen, Giovanni M. Turchini
Summary: The study found high variability in the chemical composition of POM, with D-glutamic acid and D-aspartic acid being effective indicators of protein digestibility in Atlantic salmon. Production variables such as rendering temperature and raw material freshness significantly impacted D-amino acids and biogenic amines.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Marion Sinclair-Waters, Nikolai Piavchenko, Annukka Ruokolainen, Tutku Aykanat, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Efforts to understand the genetic basis of phenotypic variation in molecular ecology are increasing. In Atlantic salmon, a study utilizing natural recombination between two candidate genes, vgll3 and akap11, found strong association between vgll3 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and early maturation, while little or no association was found with akap11 SNPs. This suggests vgll3 as the primary candidate gene influencing early maturation.
Article
Biology
Jenni M. Prokkola, Eirik R. Asheim, Sergey Morozov, Paul Bangura, Jaakko Erkinaro, Annukka Ruokolainen, Craig R. Primmer, Tutku Aykanat
Summary: This study reveals the impact of genetic and phenotypic structure on life-history variation, using Atlantic salmon as an ideal model. The research found the association between early maturation genotype with higher metabolic rates and aerobic scope, as well as the physiological epistasis between late maturation genotypes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Eirik R. Asheim, Jenni M. Prokkola, Sergey Morozov, Tutku Aykanat, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: The maturation timing of Atlantic salmon is influenced by the vgll3 gene, but the effect of vgll3 genotype on metabolic rate in juvenile salmon is minimal. This suggests that body condition and maturation are not strongly related to maintenance energy expenditure in this life stage.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashok Aspatwar, Harlan Barker, Heidi Aisala, Ksenia Zueva, Marianne Kuuslahti, Martti Tolvanen, Craig R. Primmer, Jaakko Lumme, Alessandro Bonardi, Amit Tripathi, Seppo Parkkila, Claudiu T. Supuran
Summary: A new beta-class carbonic anhydrase, named GsaCA beta, was cloned from the genome of the Monogenean platyhelminth Gyrodactylus salaris, a parasite of Atlantic salmon. This enzyme showed significant catalytic activity for the physiological reaction CO2 + H2O and was inhibited by various compounds. Since there are few non-toxic agents effective against this parasite, GsaCA beta is proposed as a new drug target.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Paul Bai Bangura, Katriina Tiira, Petri T. Niemela, Jaakko Erkinaro, Petra Liljestrom, Anna Toikkanen, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between vgll3 gene and behavior in Atlantic salmon by measuring aggressiveness and feeding activity in juveniles with different vgll3 genotypes. Contrary to expectations, individuals with the genotype associated with later maturation were found to be more aggressive. Higher aggression was also associated with lighter coloration and higher feeding activity, indicating a potential energetic cost. No direct association was found between feeding activity and vgll3 genotype. These findings have implications for individual fitness and aquaculture practices.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Y. Czorlich, T. Aykanat, J. Erkinaro, P. Orell, C. R. Primmer
Summary: This study identifies the drivers of evolution towards early maturation in Atlantic salmon through two types of fisheries-induced evolution (indirect and direct effects), demonstrating the potential impact of aquaculture on wild salmon populations.
Editorial Material
Ecology
Giulio Formenti, Kathrin Theissinger, Carlos Fernandes, Iliana Bista, Aureliano Bombarely, Christoph Bleidorn, Claudio Ciofi, Angelica Crottini, Jose A. Godoy, Jacob Hoglund, Joanna Malukiewicz, Alice Mouton, Rebekah A. Oomen, Sadye Paez, Per J. Palsboll, Christophe Pampoulie, Maria J. Ruiz-Lopez, Hannes Svardal, Constantina Theofanopoulou, Jan de Vries, Ann-Marie Waldvogel, Guojie Zhang, Camila J. Mazzoni, Erich D. Jarvis, Miklos Balint
Summary: Progress in genome sequencing has enabled the generation of large-scale reference genomes, representing global biodiversity. These genomes provide unique insights into genomic diversity and architecture, allowing comprehensive analyses in population and functional genomics, and are expected to revolutionize conservation genomics.
TRENDS IN ECOLOGY & EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Ines Klemme, Paul Vincent Debes, Craig Robert Primmer, Laura Sofia Harkonen, Jaakko Erkinaro, Pekka Hyvarinen, Anssi Karvonen
Summary: In this study, the role of developmental stage in resistance and tolerance in Atlantic salmon was investigated. The results showed that developmental transition is associated with reduced resistance but does not affect tolerance. Additionally, it was observed that tolerance slopes can be largely independent of infection. These findings suggest that the relative importance of different defense types may vary with host development.
AMERICAN NATURALIST
(2022)
Article
Biology
Petri T. Niemela, Ines Klemme, Anssi Karvonen, Pekka Hyvarinen, Paul Debes, Jaakko Erkinaro, Marion Sinclair-Waters, Victoria L. Pritchard, Laura S. Harkonen, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Research shows that there are differences in activity expression among Atlantic salmon life-history genotypes. The vgll3*E allele is associated with increased activity in females, while the vgll3*L allele is associated with increased activity in males. These sex-dependent effects may contribute to maintaining genetic life-history variation within populations.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ehsan Pashay Ahi, Marion Sinclair-Waters, Iikki Donner, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Age at maturity is an important life history trait influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The maturation process and timing in Atlantic salmon is regulated by gnrh3 and other factors, as it lacks the gnrh1 gene. Previous research has shown a strong association between vgll3 alleles and maturation timing. In this study, a gene regulatory network involving c-jun and sf1 in the pituitary was identified, suggesting a potential regulatory connection between vgll3 genotypes and these regulators.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ashok Aspatwar, Alessandro Bonardi, Heidi Aisala, Ksenia Zueva, Craig R. Primmer, Jaakko Lumme, Seppo Parkkila, Claudiu T. Supuran
Summary: The inhibitory effects of a beta-class carbonic anhydrase (CA) from the fish parasite Gyrodactylus salaris were investigated. Several effective inhibitors were identified, including simple heterocyclic sulphonamides and clinically used agents. This preliminary investigation provides insights into the inhibition profile of the parasite enzyme and potential development of more effective and selective inhibitors.
JOURNAL OF ENZYME INHIBITION AND MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Katja S. Maamela, Eirik R. Asheim, Paul V. Debes, Andrew H. House, Jaakko Erkinaro, Petra Liljestrom, Craig R. Primmer, Kenyon B. Mobley
Summary: The environment, including temperature and diet, affects reproductive traits in female fish. In this study, the effect of temperature and diet on maturation and egg traits in Atlantic salmon was investigated. A temperature difference of 2 degrees Celsius delayed maturation in female salmon, while a reduction in dietary energy content had no effect. Diet did not impact body size, condition, fecundity, egg size, or protein content, but a higher energy diet increased egg lipid content. These findings suggest that the nutritional quality of the female's diet can impact the energy provisioning of eggs and potentially affect the fitness of offspring.
JOURNAL OF FISH BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Eirik R. asheim, Paul Debes, Andrew House, Petra Liljestrom, Petri T. Niemela, Jukka P. Siren, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Age at maturity in Atlantic salmon is greatly influenced by temperature and an age-at-maturity gene. The effect of temperature differs between populations, but the gene has a similar effect in both temperatures and populations. Age at maturity is important for population structures and involves a trade-off between survival risk and reproductive investment.
CONSERVATION PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biology
Andrew H. House, Paul V. Debes, Johanna Kurko, Jaakko Erkinaro, Craig R. Primmer
Summary: Organisms utilize resource allocation strategies to adapt to seasonal changes and life stage transitions. A transcription cofactor, vgll3, has been found to have an impact on maturation timing and body condition in mice and juvenile salmon. This study investigates the influence of larval and juvenile temperatures, vgll3 genotype, and their interactions with body condition and maturation rate in Atlantic salmon. The results suggest that vgll3 influences resource allocation strategies, with early maturing individuals having a higher maturation rate and body condition in the spring.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Kathrin Theissinger, Carlos Fernandes, Giulio Formenti, Iliana Bista, Paul R. Berg, Christoph Bleidorn, Aureliano Bombarely, Angelica Crottini, Guido R. Gallo, Jose A. Godoy, Sissel Jentoft, Joanna Malukiewicz, Alice Mouton, Rebekah A. Oomen, Sadye Paez, Per J. Palsboll, Christophe Pampoulie, Maria J. Ruiz-Lopez, Simona Secomandi, Hannes Svardal, Constantina Theofanopoulou, Jan de Vries, Ann-Marie Waldvogel, Guojie Zhang, Erich D. Jarvis, Miklos Balint, Claudio Ciofi, Robert M. Waterhouse, Camila J. Mazzoni, Jacob Hoglund
Summary: The availability of public genomic resources can greatly assist biodiversity assessment, conservation, and restoration efforts. Reference genomes play a key role in facilitating biodiversity research and conservation. Integrating the use of reference genomes as a best practice in conservation genomics is essential.
TRENDS IN GENETICS
(2023)