Review
Immunology
Kazuma Yagi, Nobuhiro Asai, Gary B. Huffnagle, Nicholas W. Lukacs, Wendy Fonseca
Summary: Several environmental factors can impact the development of early-life microbiota, which in turn affects the occurrence of respiratory tract infections and diseases. The role of gut and lung microbiota in airway diseases, particularly in the context of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection, is of increasing interest.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Chenrui Peng, Jinxing Li, Zhonghua Miao, Yunyi Wang, Simou Wu, Yimei Wang, Silu Wang, Ruyue Cheng, Fang He, Xi Shen
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the preventive effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum BD-1 (BD-1) against long-term inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The results showed that early treatment with BD-1 or BD-1+Ceftri conferred protective effects against long-term colitis by reducing inflammation and preserving intestinal epithelial structure. BD-1+Ceftri also promoted better expression of mucosal barrier-related proteins and immune responses. Additionally, early intervention with BD-1 alone had anti-inflammatory effects to some extent. Further research is needed to understand the specific mechanisms involved.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiuyu Ji, Le Su, Ping Zhang, Qiulin Yue, Chen Zhao, Xin Sun, Kunlun Li, Xinli Liu, Song Zhang, Lin Zhao
Summary: Gut microbiota dysbiosis is a global problem caused by antibiotic overuse. This study found that lentinan, a compound found in mushrooms, has therapeutic effects on antibiotic-driven gut microbial dysbiosis in mice. Lentinan improved the diversity and abundance of the gut microbiota and increased the levels of beneficial bacteria while decreasing harmful bacteria. It also increased the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and improved colon tissue morphology, reducing inflammation. This study provides a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of broad-spectrum antibiotic side effects.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Hong-Yu Wang, Shan Chen, Rong-Yue Xue, Xin-Ying Lin, Jin-Lei Yang, Yao-Sheng Zhang, Shi-Wei Li, Albert L. Juhasz, Lena Q. Ma, Dongmei Zhou, Hong-Bo Li
Summary: This study investigated the impact of early-life arsenic exposure on mice. The results showed that arsenic ingested early in life is more readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, leading to higher oral bioavailability. Although there were differences in gut microbiota between weanling and adult mice, it did not significantly affect arsenic biotransformation or overall gut metabolite composition. The small intestine of weanling mice had more defined intestinal villi, providing a greater surface area for arsenic absorption.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Benoit Chassaing, Charlene Compher, Brittaney Bonhomme, Qing Liu, Yuan Tian, William Walters, Lisa Nessel, Clara Delaroque, Fuhua Hao, Victoria Gershuni, Lillian Chau, Josephine Ni, Meenakshi Bewtra, Lindsey Albenberg, Alexis Bretin, Liam McKeever, Ruth E. Ley, Andrew D. Patterson, Gary D. Wu, Andrew T. Gewirtz, James D. Lewis
Summary: In healthy adults, consumption of the synthetic emulsifier CMC was found to exacerbate postprandial abdominal discomfort, disrupt gut microbiota and metabolome composition, leading to reduced diversity, and possibly contributing to the development of chronic inflammatory diseases.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Wanzhong Liao, Huafeng Wu, Liangcheng Pang, Bizuan He, Jianjun Tong, Jiuyun Qin, Liang Li, Wei Liu, Xianqiang Zhou, Sihua Huang, Weizhe Jiang, Shujie Fu
Summary: The Hylocereus undatus flower (HUF) has significant anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory activity. It alleviates colitis by restoring the integrity of the intestinal barrier, reducing the inflammatory response, and regulating gut and lung microbiota.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zewen Mei, Xingxi Huang, Heng Zhang, Danyi Cheng, Xin Xu, Mingyue Fang, Jutuan Hu, Yangyang Liu, Yunxiang Liang, Yuxia Mei
Summary: Chitin derivatives have a therapeutic effect in ulcerative colitis mice model by relieving inflammation symptoms, protecting the colon, and increasing the abundance of gut microbiota and concentrations of short-chain fatty acids.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Zhenhua Wu, Shimeng Huang, Tiantian Li, Na Li, Dandan Han, Bing Zhang, Zhenjiang Zech Xu, Shiyi Zhang, Jiaman Pang, Shilan Wang, Guolong Zhang, Jiangchao Zhao, Junjun Wang
Summary: The study found that oral EGCG helps alleviate colonic inflammation by increasing the abundance of Akkermansia, a short-chain fatty acids-producing bacteria, and promoting SCFAs production. Prophylactic supplementation of EGCG also showed beneficial outcomes. FMT experiments confirmed the role of EGCG in attenuating colitis.
Article
Immunology
Zhaoyang Yin, Qiangde Liu, Yongtao Liu, Shengnan Gao, Yuliang He, Chuanwei Yao, Wenxing Huang, Ye Gong, Kangsen Mai, Qinghui Ai
Summary: Marine fish larvae are vulnerable during the early life period, but early intervention using probiotics, specifically Clostridium butyricum (CB), can improve growth performance, intestinal development, immune response, and gut microbiota. The study showed that CB supplementation in larval diets led to increased final length, weight, specific growth rate, and immune enzyme activities, as well as altered gut microbiota composition. Overall, the results suggest that early life intervention with 0.10-0.20% CB can promote growth of large yellow croaker larvae by enhancing intestinal development, immune responses, and modulating gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Danni Yu, Quanhui Dai, Zixiang Wang, Steven X. Hou, Ling V. Sun
Summary: This study aimed to explore the role of ARF1 in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and reveal the possible mechanism. The results showed that ARF1 is essential for ISC proliferation and differentiation. Loss of ARF1 increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis and gut microbial dysbiosis. Additionally, RNA-seq analysis revealed alterations in multiple metabolic pathways.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Si-Yuan Lu, Yang Liu, Shijie Tang, Wancong Zhang, Qiuyong Yu, Changqi Shi, Kit-Leong Cheong
Summary: The study found that Gracilaria lemaneiformis polysaccharide (GLP) has therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis (UC). GLP reduces colon damage, increases short-chain fatty acids in the intestines, and alleviates histopathological inflammation caused by UC. Moreover, GLP improves biodiversity and restores beneficial bacterial abundance.
Article
Microbiology
Sabrine Naimi, Emilie Viennois, Andrew T. Gewirtz, Benoit Chassaing
Summary: The study found that many commonly used emulsifiers can directly alter the gut microbiota in a way that promotes intestinal inflammation. While some emulsifiers had similar impacts on the microbiota, others, such as lecithin, did not significantly affect the microbiota in the model. Various carrageenans and gums were found to have particularly detrimental impacts on microbiota density, composition, and expression of pro-inflammatory molecules.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jiao Yu, Junwei Zhao, Huiqun Xie, Ming Cai, Liang Yao, Jinmiao Li, Lan Han, Weidong Chen, Nianjun Yu, Daiyin Peng
Summary: The therapeutic effect of Dendrobium huoshanense polysaccharides (DHP) on ulcerative colitis (UC) is confirmed in this study. Through metabolomics and gut flora analysis, it was found that DHP alleviates UC symptoms by improving colonic mucosal barrier function, reducing inflammation, and modulating the composition of gut microbiota.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Nataliia Nikolaieva, Aneta Sevcikova, Radoslav Omelka, Monika Martiniakova, Michal Mego, Sona Ciernikova
Summary: Pre-clinical models and clinical studies have shown that the host-microbiota relationship has a significant impact on cancer development and treatment, leading to the emergence of a microbiota-based approach in clinical oncology. Polymorphic microbes are considered a hallmark of cancer, and microRNAs play a crucial role in gene expression regulation. Bidirectional gut microbiota-microRNA interactions have been found to be important for intestinal homeostasis and are associated with inflammatory responses and dysbiosis in gastrointestinal disorders. This review summarizes the current understanding of miRNA expression in the intestine, with a focus on gut microbiota-miRNA interactions related to intestinal homeostasis, the immune system, and cancer development. The potential clinical utility of fecal miRNA profiling as a diagnostic and prognostic tool in colorectal cancer is discussed, as well as the potential of gut microbiota modulation and personalized microRNA therapeutics in improving outcomes for patients with gastrointestinal cancer in the era of precision medicine.
Review
Immunology
Junfeng Zou, Chen Liu, Shu Jiang, Dawei Qian, Jinao Duan
Summary: Ulcerative colitis is a nonspecific inflammatory disease characterized by inflammation and mucosal damage in the colon, with an increasing global prevalence. The pathogenesis of UC is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, environmental factors, microbial dysbiosis, and dysregulated immune responses. The balance between microbiota and gut mucosal immunity plays a crucial role in the progression of UC.
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
(2021)