Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Paola Angelini, Giancarlo Angeles Flores, Alessandro Piccirilli, Roberto Venanzoni, Alessandra Acquaviva, Simonetta Cristina Di Simone, Maria Loreta Libero, Bruno Tirillini, Gokhan Zengin, Annalisa Chiavaroli, Lucia Recinella, Sheila Leone, Luigi Brunetti, Giustino Orlando, Luigi Menghini, Claudio Ferrante
Summary: This study compares the phenolic composition and biological activities of grape pomace and juice, and finds that different grape varieties have different antioxidant and antifungal effects. Multiple antifungal mechanisms are suggested, which opens up new potential applications for grape byproducts.
PROCESS BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nelson Diaz, Pedro M. Aqueveque, Alejandro Vallejos-Almirall, Rudi Radrigan, Maria C. Zuniga-Lopez, Christian Folch-Cano
Summary: This study investigated the extraction of polyphenolic compounds from grape pomace and their antioxidant capacities. The compounds were found to be retained on polyvinylpolypyrrolidone and showed inhibitory activity against certain pathogenic microorganisms. These findings have important implications for the development of new industrial processes and by-products, promoting a circular economy.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xueyan Ma, Xiuwen Zhang, Juntao Xia, Haohao Sun, Xuxiang Zhang, Lin Ye
Summary: The study found that under the stress of phenolic compounds, the horizontal transfer frequency of ARGs significantly increased, as well as the transfer of RP4 plasmid from E. coli HB101 to activated sludge. Stress from PNP and PhOH increased the production of reactive oxygen species and the permeability of cell membrane, promoting the transfer of RP4 plasmid. Additionally, stress from PNP, PAP, and PhOH inhibited the expression of global regulatory genes in the RP4 plasmid and increased the expression level of the traF gene, facilitating the conjugative transfer of the RP4 plasmid.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Mariavittoria Verrillo, Gunda Koellensperger, Marlene Puehringer, Vincenza Cozzolino, Riccardo Spaccini, Evelyn Rampler
Summary: In this study, humic substances and compost teas extracted from artichoke and coffee grounds were applied on Ocimum basilicum plants to enhance the yield of specific metabolites with nutraceutical and antibacterial features. The results showed that these substances improved the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of basil metabolites and promoted the synthesis of aromatic amino acids and phenolic compounds.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Ahmed N. Badr, Karolina Gromadzka, Mohamed G. Shehata, Kinga Stuper-Szablewska, Kinga Drzewiecka, Adel G. Abdel-Razek, Mohamed M. Youssef
Summary: The study aimed to reduce mycotoxin levels and limit fungal activity in fresh-cut fruits and juices by using grape by-product extracts as bioactive capsules, forming a film on the product. Results showed that this application was effective in reducing contamination and mycotoxin risk, which could potentially increase the availability of horticultural products in markets and enhance handling safety.
JOURNAL OF FOOD PROCESSING AND PRESERVATION
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Shachi Singh, Mukesh Kumar, Seema Dwivedi, Anjali Yadav, Sarika Sharma
Summary: In this study, a rapid and effective metabolomic method was used to screen the chemical characterization of all parts of B. prionitis, including leaf, root, stem, and inflorescence. Bioactive iridoid glycosides and phenolic compounds were identified in all parts, with root showing the highest antioxidant and antibacterial activity. Some of the identified compounds were positively correlated with the tested biological activity. Principal component analysis of the chemical profiles revealed variability in compound distribution.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Jared T. Wiemann, Danh Nguyen, Swagata Bhattacharyya, Ying Li, Yan Yu
Summary: The rapid rise of antibiotic resistance has become a critical global health concern, necessitating the development of alternative treatments, such as antibacterial nanoparticles (NPs). This study explores the use of the surface anisotropy of NPs to modulate their antibacterial efficacy. By investigating the antibacterial properties of amphiphilic Janus NPs, researchers found that polycationic ligands play a crucial role in enhancing the interaction between Janus NPs and bacteria, resulting in improved antibacterial potency. These findings highlight the potential of Janus NPs as a unique class of antibacterial materials.
ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Tatjana Juric, Nikola Micic, Aleksandar Potkonjak, Dubravka Milanov, Jelena Dodic, Zorana Trivunovic, Boris M. Popovic
Summary: The study found that choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) can more effectively extract bioactive compounds from peppermint leaves and have the potential to be used for the separation of targeted major compounds. Additionally, NADES exhibit microbial growth inhibition at lower concentrations and show antioxidant and reducing activities.
Article
Biology
Cicera Janayne Ferreira Dias, Antonio Raposo, Cicera Dayane Thais de Sousa, Jose Bezerra De Araujo-Neto, Saulo Relison Tintino, Cicera Datiane De Morais Oliveira-Tintino, Isaac Moura Araujo, Henrique Douglas Melo Coutinho, Mayra Garcia Maia Costa, Cleidiane Gomes Lima, Mairlane Silva de Alencar, Conrado Carrascosa, Ariana Saraiva, Erlanio Oliveira de Sousa
Summary: The study revealed that jackfruit fixed oil contains fatty acids with significant antibacterial properties that can be used in combination with antibiotics, particularly leading to significant reductions in the minimum inhibitory concentration of antibiotics against MDR strains.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Oscar A. Munoz-Bernal, Alma J. Coria-Oliveros, Laura A. de la Rosa, Joaquin Rodrigo-Garcia, Nina del Rocio Martinez-Ruiz, Sonia G. Sayago-Ayerdi, Emilio Alvarez-Parrilla
Summary: Moderate consumption of red wine has been associated with the prevention of cardiovascular diseases, with phenolic compounds playing a key role in the cardioprotective effects by inhibiting platelet aggregation, modulating the lipid profile, and promoting vasorelaxation. The antioxidant capacity of these compounds also helps prevent ROS generation and LDL oxidation. Specific phenolic compounds like resveratrol and quercetin are linked to promoting NO production and inhibiting platelet aggregation, albeit at concentrations lower than those found in red wines. Synergic and additive effects of a mix of phenolic compounds contribute to the overall cardioprotective effects observed in red wine and its byproducts.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Article
Biophysics
Joycy F. S. dos Santos, Saulo R. Tintino, Ana R. P. da Silva, Cristina R. dos S. Barbosa, Jackelyne R. Scherf, Zildene de S. Silveira, Thiago S. de Freitas, Luiz J. de Lacerda Neto, Luiz M. Barros, Irwin Rose de A. Menezes, Henrique D. M. Coutinho, Jose P. Siqueira-Junior, Francisco A. B. Cunha
Summary: This study evaluated the inhibitory effect of quercetin on S. aureus Efflux Pumps, finding that the inhibition concentration of quercetin was not clinically relevant. A reversal of bacterial resistance effect was observed with strains carrying the TetK and NorA pumps. Furthermore, stability in the interaction between the quercetin complex and the NorA pump was provided by hydrogen bonds formed by the hydroxyl group.
JOURNAL OF BIOENERGETICS AND BIOMEMBRANES
(2021)
Review
Horticulture
Paloma Rodriguez-Lopez, Ascension Rueda-Robles, Isabel Borras-Linares, Rosa Maria Quirantes-Pine, Tatiana Emanuelli, Antonio Segura-Carretero, Jesus Lozano-Sanchez
Summary: This systematic review focuses on the phenolic profiles of grape, juice, and wine, as well as the potential benefits of their consumption on the human microbiota. It highlights the possibility of exploring a new research area based on the synergy between polyphenol consumption and microbiota, and emphasizes the urgent need for strategies to improve the bioavailability of these compounds.
Article
Plant Sciences
Rosa Anna Milella, Mirko De Rosso, Marica Gasparro, Isabella Gigante, Giambattista Debiase, Lucia Rosaria Forleo, Antonio Domenico Marsico, Rocco Perniola, Valeria Tutino, Maria Notarnicola, Riccardo Velasco, Riccardo Flamini
Summary: This study aimed to characterize the phenolic composition, antioxidant, and anticancer activity of grape skin extracts (GSEs) from nine new table grape genotypes. Results showed that GSEs had different flavonoid and non-flavonoid profiles, and all possessed antioxidant activity, with 'Aika N.', 'Turese N.', and 'Egnatia N.' being the most active. 'Daunia N.' and 'Apenestae N.' exhibited promising anticancer activity against the tested cancer cell line.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Mailson Matos, Francine C. Claro, Tielidy A. M. Lima, Francisco Avelino, Fabricio A. Hansel, Giselle M. Maciel, Diego Lomonaco, Washington L. E. Magalhaes
Summary: Pyrolytic lignin, the water-insoluble fraction of bio-oil from rapid pyrolysis, was separated to improve extraction of monophenols. Phenolic compounds derived from lignin were found to be effective antioxidants and antimicrobials. Aqueous acetone solutions were used to fractionate eucalypt pyrolytic lignin, resulting in fractions with higher concentrations of phenolic, carboxylic, and lower molecular weight compounds. The antioxidant and antimicrobial activities were mainly attributed to phenolic compounds with methoxy substituents.
JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Marta C. C. Coelho, Soudabeh Ghalamara, Debora Campos, Tania Braganca Ribeiro, Ricardo Pereira, Antonio S. Rodrigues, Jose A. Teixeira, Manuela Pintado
Summary: Tomato by-products from processing industries in Portugal have the potential to be reused as a source of bioactive compounds. However, there is a lack of reliable national data on these by-products and their physicochemical properties, which hinders effective waste management planning. In this study, selected Portugal companies were recruited to obtain representative samples of by-products, and their physicochemical composition was evaluated. Additionally, an environmentally friendly method called ohmic heating (OH) was used to explore new safe value-added ingredients from these by-products.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Adriana Silva, Vanessa Silva, Gilberto Igrejas, Alfredo Aires, Virgilio Falco, Patricia Valentao, Patricia Poeta
Summary: The grape by-products in the wine industry are an important natural source of phenolic compounds with various biological activities, which has attracted attention from both the industry and the scientific community. The concept of circular economy has led to a focus on the bioactive phenolic compounds in the by-products of winemaking.
EUROPEAN FOOD RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Tania F. L. Vicente, Carina Felix, Rafael Felix, Patricia Valentao, Marco F. L. Lemos
Summary: Plant bacterial pathogens can have devastating effects on global fruit and vegetable crops, causing economic losses and reducing food availability. Synthetic bactericides are commonly used but have drawbacks such as high cost and environmental risks. This study focuses on the use of seaweed extracts/compounds as eco-friendly alternatives to control bacterial phytopathogens, particularly highlighting the protective properties of brown algae extracts against microbial attacks.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Andrew Collins, Peter Moller, Goran Gajski, Sona Vodenkova, Abdulhadi Abdulwahed, Diana Anderson, Ezgi Eyluel Bankoglu, Stefano Bonassi, Elisa Boutet-Robinet, Gunnar Brunborg, Christy Chao, Marcus S. S. Cooke, Carla Costa, Solange Costa, Alok Dhawan, Joaquin de Lapuente, Cristian Del Bo, Julien Dubus, Maria Dusinska, Susan J. J. Duthie, Naouale El Yamani, Bevin Engelward, Isabel Gaivao, Lisa Giovannelli, Roger Godschalk, Sofia Guilherme, Kristine B. B. Gutzkow, Khaled Habas, Alba Hernandez, Oscar Herrero, Marina Isidori, Awadhesh N. N. Jha, Siegfried Knasmueller, Ingeborg M. M. Kooter, Gudrun Koppen, Marcin Kruszewski, Carina Ladeira, Blanca Laffon, Marcelo Larramendy, Ludovic Le Hegarat, Angelique Lewies, Anna Lewinska, Guillermo E. E. Liwszyc, Adela Lopez de Cerain, Mugimane Manjanatha, Ricard Marcos, Mirta Milic, Vanessa Moraes de Andrade, Massimo Moretti, Damian Muruzabal, Matjaz Novak, Rui Oliveira, Ann-Karin Olsen, Norah Owiti, Mario Pacheco, Alok K. K. Pandey, Stefan Pfuhler, Bertrand Pourrut, Kerstin Reisinger, Emilio Rojas, Elise Runden-Pran, Julen Sanz-Serrano, Sergey Shaposhnikov, Ville Sipinen, Karen Smeets, Helga Stopper, Joao Paulo Teixeira, Vanessa Valdiglesias, Mahara Valverde, Frederique van Acker, Frederik-Jan van Schooten, Marie Vasquez, Johannes F. F. Wentzel, Maciej Wnuk, Annelies Wouters, Bojana Zegura, Tomas Zikmund, Sabine A. S. Langie, Amaya Azqueta
Summary: The comet assay is a versatile method for detecting various types of DNA damage in individual eukaryotic cells. It has been widely used in research, industry, and regulatory agencies, and has been adopted as an in vivo test for genotoxicity. The present document provides consensus protocols for applying the comet assay to different cell types, species, and types of DNA damage.
Article
Toxicology
Ana Paula Oliveira De Quadros, Bruna Oshiiwa, Marcel Petreanu, Rivaldo Niero, Paulo Cesar Pires Rosa, Alexandra Christine Helena Frankland Sawaya, Mario Sergio Mantovani, Isabel O'Neill De Mascarenhas Gaivao, Edson Luis Maistro
Summary: Rubus rosifolius, a common medicinal plant in southern Brazil, has been found to have genotoxic and apoptotic effects in in vitro studies, indicating potential risks in human use.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Review
Microbiology
Vanessa Silva, Sara Araujo, Andreia Monteiro, Jose Eira, Jose Eduardo Pereira, Luis Maltez, Gilberto Igrejas, Teresa Semedo Lemsaddek, Patricia Poeta
Summary: Animal production involves the use of antimicrobial agents to promote growth and treat diseases, but it also leads to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). MRSA poses a significant threat to public health and animal welfare. Livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) was initially restricted to a specific clonal complex (CC398), but its diversity has increased over time, accompanied by multidrug resistance. This review summarizes the main clonal lineages of MRSA associated with different animals, including swine, cattle, rabbits, and poultry, and highlights the multidrug resistance patterns.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Fatima C. Martins, M. M. Oliveira, Isabel Gaivao, Romeu A. Videira, Francisco Peixoto
Summary: This study found that after the in vivo administration of methyl and butylparaben at concentrations of 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight by subcutaneous injection, it did not affect the water and food intake, but the weight of the testes and seminal vesicle decreased. The injection of methylparaben and butylparaben increased the activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase, but decreased the activity of glutathione reductase and glutathione S-transferase, leading to a decrease in antioxidant capacity and an increase in lipid peroxidation. This study also found that parabens can induce genotoxicity in the rat male reproductive organ.
DRUG AND CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Raquel Martins, Fatima Fernandes, Patricia Valentao
Summary: This study reveals the phenolic profile of the aqueous extract of Solanum betaceum leaves for the first time, and demonstrates its potential as an antidiabetic agent and antioxidant.
Review
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jessica Ribeiro, Vanessa Silva, Andreia Monteiro, Madalena Vieira-Pinto, Gilberto Igrejas, Filipa S. Reis, Lillian Barros, Patricia Poeta
Summary: Chicken meat is widely consumed around the world, and antibiotics have been used in its production to ensure high levels of output. However, the use of antibiotics in animal production has led to the emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, particularly in the gut microbiota. Studies have found resistant strains of Enterococcus spp. and Escherichia coli in the gastrointestinal tract of chickens, with Enterococcus spp. showing resistance to at least seven classes of antibiotics and E. coli showing resistance to at least four. Some clonal lineages have also been identified in both broilers and humans, suggesting the transmission of bacteria through contaminated food, direct contact with animals, or environmental exposure.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Sandra Cunha, Carla Miranda, Angela Martins, Ruben Soares, Manuel Maia, Filipe Silva, Gilberto Igrejas, Patricia Poeta
Summary: This study investigated whether bovine colostrum can serve as a reservoir and vehicle for the transmission of antibiotic-resistant Enterococcus spp. The results showed the presence of antibiotic-resistant species and genes in calf colostrum, with a high percentage of multidrug-resistant isolates. This highlights the importance of hygiene measures to reduce microbial contamination of colostrum.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Adriana Silva, Vanessa Silva, Jose Eduardo Pereira, Luis Maltez, Gilberto Igrejas, Patricia Valentao, Virgilio Falco, Patricia Poeta
Summary: Escherichia coli (E. coli) is an important pathogenic bacteria commonly found in livestock, serving as a carrier of drug-resistant genes between humans, animals, and the environment. The use of antimicrobials in food-producing animals, especially in the food chain, is a significant contributor to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) development and spread. This review focuses on the clonal lineages and resistance profiles of E. coli, including extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) producing E. coli, in various food-producing animals such as pigs, poultry, cattle, fish farming, and rabbits. The presence of ESBL-producing E. coli was found to be prevalent among farm animals, with high resistance rates to tetracycline and ampicillin observed in farms worldwide. There is an urgent need for a better understanding of the epidemiology of E. coli and ESBL-producing E. coli in livestock, as animal production plays a major role in the global antibiotic resistance problem, necessitating a One Health approach.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Telma de Sousa, Andreia Garces, Augusto Silva, Ricardo Lopes, Nuno Alegria, Michel Hebraud, Gilberto Igrejas, Patricia Poeta
Summary: This study evaluated the antimicrobial resistance patterns and biofilm production of clinical isolates of pathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa in dogs. The results revealed widespread resistance to beta-lactam antimicrobials, with amikacin and tobramycin being the only effective aminoglycosides. All isolates carried the oprD gene and virulence genes. The study emphasizes the importance of monitoring antimicrobial resistance and responsible antibiotic use in veterinary medicine to prevent multi-drug resistance.
VETERINARY SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Virology
Mahima Hemnani, Priscilla Gomes da Silva, Gertrude Thompson, Patricia Poeta, Hugo Rebelo, Joao R. Mesquita
Summary: This study investigated the presence of coronaviruses in four species of cave-dwelling bats in Portugal. The results showed that coronaviruses were more easily detected in fecal samples compared to anal and buccal swab samples. No coronaviruses were detected in the air samples. This study highlights the importance of continuous surveillance for novel coronaviruses in bat populations globally.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Ondina Ribeiro, Claudia Ribeiro, Luis Felix, Isabel Gaivao, Joao Soares Carrola
Summary: This study evaluated the potential effects of 3-MMC on zebrafish embryonic development, behavior, and DNA integrity. The results showed that at low concentrations, 3-MMC did not have expected harmful effects on critical development stages of fish.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)