期刊
CELLULAR & MOLECULAR IMMUNOLOGY
卷 18, 期 4, 页码 878-888出版社
CHIN SOCIETY IMMUNOLOGY
DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00663-2
关键词
N-myristoylation; Innate immunity; Myristoyl switches; Infection; TLR4; Viral assembly
类别
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2016YFA0502500]
- Chinese National Natural Science Funds [U20A20393, 82041009, 31925013, 31671457, 91753139, 31871405, 31571460]
- Jiangsu National Science Foundation [BK20180043, 19KJA550003]
- Zhejiang Natural Science Fund [LD19C070001]
- Key Project of University Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province [19KJA550003]
- Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions
Protein N-myristoylation is a critical fatty acylation process catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferases in eukaryotes, playing key roles in signal transduction, cellular localization, and immune responses. Recent studies have uncovered its involvement in host defense against infections, suggesting potential therapeutic applications.
Protein N-myristoylation is an important fatty acylation catalyzed by N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs), which are ubiquitous enzymes in eukaryotes. Specifically, attachment of a myristoyl group is vital for proteins participating in various biological functions, including signal transduction, cellular localization, and oncogenesis. Recent studies have revealed unexpected mechanisms indicating that protein N-myristoylation is involved in host defense against microbial and viral infections. In this review, we describe the current understanding of protein N-myristoylation (mainly focusing on myristoyl switches) and summarize its crucial roles in regulating innate immune responses, including TLR4-dependent inflammatory responses and demyristoylation-induced innate immunosuppression during Shigella flexneri infection. Furthermore, we examine the role of myristoylation in viral assembly, intracellular host interactions, and viral spread during human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) infection. Deeper insight into the relationship between protein N-myristoylation and innate immunity might enable us to clarify the pathogenesis of certain infectious diseases and better harness protein N-myristoylation for new therapeutics.
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