Article
Microbiology
Qiongyun Chen, Yanyun Fan, Bangzhou Zhang, Changsheng Yan, Qiang Zhang, Yuhao Ke, Zhangran Chen, Lin Wang, Huaxiu Shi, Yiqun Hu, Qingwen Huang, Jingling Su, Chenxi Xie, Xu Zhang, Lixiang Zhou, Jianlin Ren, Hongzhi Xu
Summary: Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) can induce clinical remission in ulcerative colitis (UC) patients. In this study, capsulized FMT was successfully administered to UC patients, resulting in clinical remission in 57.1% of patients and clinical response in 76.2%.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Heloise Tudela, Sandrine P. Claus, Maya Saleh
Summary: The gut microbiota, a diverse community of microorganisms in the gastrointestinal tract, has a significant impact on health and disease. Keystone species, essential microbes for microbiota balance, play crucial roles in maintaining essential functions and their identification is crucial for the development of microbiome-based therapeutics. Understanding the functions of keystone species is a major step towards comprehending microbiome dynamics in disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Tongtong Ge, Xiaoxiao Yao, Haisheng Zhao, Wei Yang, Xiaohan Zou, Fanzhen Peng, Bingjin Li, Ranji Cui
Summary: Increasing evidence suggests that dysbiosis of gut microbiota may be involved in the physiological mechanisms of neuropsychiatric disorders, but the exact pathways are still unclear. The complex crosstalk between neuroendocrine and immunological regulation may underlie the mechanisms by which gut microbiota are associated with neuropsychiatric disorders.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Huan Zhang, Zhilin Zhang, Yiqun Liao, Wenjie Zhang, Dong Tang
Summary: The human gut microbiome plays a crucial role in human health, especially in the early development of host immunity. It is closely linked to the immune system and can influence the development of various diseases in infants and young children. The composition of the infant gut microbiome can predict disease risk and can be modulated to prevent and treat diseases. Maternal influences, including food delivery and feeding, have the most significant impact on the infant gut microbiota.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Lucas J. Osborn, Karlee Schultz, William Massey, Beckey DeLucia, Ibrahim Choucair, Venkateshwari Varadharajan, Rakhee Banerjee, Kevin Fung, Anthony J. Horak, Danny Orabi, Ina Nemet, Laura E. Nagy, Zeneng Wang, Daniela S. Allende, Belinda B. Willard, Naseer Sangwan, Adeline M. Hajjar, Christine McDonald, Philip P. Ahern, Stanley L. Hazen, J. Mark Brown, Jan Claesen
Summary: The metabolic benefits of flavonoids in the body are partly dependent on the metabolism of gut microbiota. A specific gut microbial metabolite called 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4-HPAA) has been found to reduce the burden of diet-induced cardiometabolic disease and activate AMP-activated protein kinase alpha (AMPK alpha). However, this process is rare in the human gut microbial communities.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Anthony A. Sauve
Summary: The use of nutrients as interventions for treating human diseases is significant in the field of medicine. A particular current example is the utilization of NAD(+) boosters, such as nicotinamide riboside (NR) and nicotinamide mononucleotide (NMN), in numerous clinical trials for various disease conditions. Recent research has shown that ingested NR (or NMN) has mitigating effects on metabolic syndrome in mice. Furthermore, a study conducted by V. V. Lozada Fernandez et al. reveals that NR alters the composition of the gut microbiome, and the transplantation of an NR-conditioned microbiome through fecal transfer reproduces some effects of NR in mice on a high-fat diet. The involvement of the gut microbiome in NR effects is attributed to changes in the microbiome and its activity in metabolizing NR and downstream catabolites.
Review
Immunology
Walaa Abdelaty Shaheen, Mohammed Nabil Quraishi, Tariq H. Iqbal
Summary: Autoimmune diseases are caused by dysregulated immune systems and environmental triggers in genetically predisposed individuals. The gut microbiome acts as an intermediary between external environmental factors and the immune system, programming it to be tolerant to harmless antigens. However, when the gut microbiota is disrupted, the immune system can be directed towards pro-inflammatory pathways, leading to autoimmune diseases.
CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jinliang Hou, Jianguo Xiang, Deliang Li, Xinhua Liu, Wangcheng Pan
Summary: There is an important relationship between gut microbes and host metabolic phenotypes, as they participate in host metabolism, physiology, and immunity through mechanisms such as metabolite differences and gene expression. Understanding this relationship can lead to new ways to prevent and treat metabolic diseases.
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Alexa C. B. Johnson, Amy S. Biddle
Summary: This research utilized the Equine Keeper Status Scale (EKSS) to determine horses' metabolic tendencies and investigated microbiome differences among horses with different metabolic tendencies, revealing functional differences in nutrient harvesting. The study highlights the potential role of host/microbial interactions in metabolic tendencies and emphasizes the importance of the EKSS in accurately assessing keeper status for researchers and horse owners.
Review
Immunology
Kosuke Fujimoto, Daichi Miyaoka, Satoshi Uematsu
Summary: The intestinal microbiome, dominated by bacteria, plays an important role in diseases, while the intestinal viral microbiome has received less attention. This review explores the potential role of the intestinal viral microbiome in metabolic and autoimmune diseases.
INFLAMMATION AND REGENERATION
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Mirian Ferrao Maciel-Fiuza, Guilherme Cerutti Muller, Daniel Marques Stuart Campos, Perpetua do Socorro Silva Costa, Juliano Peruzzo, Renan Rangel Bonamigo, Tiago Veit, Fernanda Sales Luiz Vianna
Summary: The gut microbiota is composed of thousands of microorganisms that fight pathogens and regulate immune responses. Imbalance of this microbiota can lead to immune dysregulation and contribute to the development of infectious and inflammatory diseases. Understanding the interaction between the gut microbiota and the host's immune system is crucial for understanding disease mechanisms and developing new treatments.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Namrata Iyer, Sinead C. Corr
Summary: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease with a multifactorial etiology involving genetic, microbial, and environmental factors. The intestinal epithelium plays a central role in disease pathogenesis, while microbial metabolites are key regulators of gut homeostasis and the pathogenesis of IBD.
Review
Veterinary Sciences
Qinghong Li
Summary: This review provides a comprehensive overview of recent advances in systems biology research on canine cardiac disease, focusing on bioenergetics and amino acid metabolism in myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) and heart failure (HF). It discusses the changes in the three components of energy metabolism and the potential role of the gut microbiome in MMVD and HF, highlighting the importance of nutrition in addressing these changes and slowing disease progression in dogs.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Jan Claesen, J. Mark Brown
Summary: This study comprehensively cataloged pathways involved in trimethylamine metabolism and identified key bacterial players in the process. It also discovered new TMA-reducing genera that have potential for probiotic strategies or targeted microbiome interventions.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Zhenyi Tian, Xiaojun Zhuang, Shuyu Zhuo, Yijun Zhu, Shixian Hu, Min Zhao, Ce Tang, Zheqing Zhang, Xiaozhi Li, Ruiqi Ma, Zhirong Zeng, Rui Feng, Minhu Chen
Summary: This study investigated the relationship between dietary inflammatory potential and changes in gut microbiome and metabolites, as well as their link with Crohn's disease (CD). The results showed that a pro-inflammatory diet was associated with an increased risk and disease activity of CD, potentially mediating alterations in gut microbiota and metabolites.
CLINICAL NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Xiaojiao Zheng, Tianlu Chen, Runqiu Jiang, Aihua Zhao, Qing Wu, Junliang Kuang, Dongnan Sun, Zhenxing Ren, Mengci Li, Mingliang Zhao, Shouli Wang, Yuqian Bao, Huating Li, Cheng Hu, Bing Dong, Defa Li, Jiayu Wu, Jialin Xia, Xuemei Wang, Ke Lan, Cynthia Rajani, Guoxiang Xie, Aiping Lu, Weiping Jia, Changtao Jiang, Wei Jia
Summary: This study reveals that high levels of hyocholic acid (HCA) in pigs contribute to their resistance against type 2 diabetes, as depletion of bile acids (BA) in pigs leads to reduced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion and increased blood glucose levels. HCA administration in diabetic mouse models effectively improves GLP-1 secretion and glucose homeostasis by activating TGR5 and inhibiting FXR in enteroendocrine cells, a mechanism not seen in other BA species. Clinical findings also show a correlation between lower levels of HCA species and diabetes, indicating its importance in glycemic control.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jiaxing Wang, Jianshu Zhang, Xianjuan Lin, Yupeng Wang, Xiang Wu, Fan Yang, Wei Gao, Yan Zhang, Jinpeng Sun, Changtao Jiang, Ming Xu
Summary: The study found altered bile acid levels and reduced DCA in the plasma of AMI patients. Administration of DCA improved cardiac function and reduced ischemic injury post-MI, showing that DCA-TGR5 signaling pathway activation decreases inflammation and ameliorates heart function post-infarction.
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Qing Wu, Xianyi Liang, Kai Wang, Jun Lin, Xuemei Wang, Pengcheng Wang, Yangming Zhang, Qixing Nie, Huiying Liu, Zhipeng Zhang, Junhui Liu, Yanli Pang, Changtao Jiang
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota regulates obesity through metabolite-host interactions. This study found that intestinal HIF-2 alpha controls lactate levels in the gut, impacting the microbiome abundance and adipose tissue thermogenesis. Manipulating these interactions may offer novel strategies for alleviating obesity.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Pengcheng Wang, Guangyi Zeng, Yu Yan, Song-yang Zhang, Yongqiang Dong, Yangming Zhang, Xingzhong Zhang, Huiying Liu, Zhipeng Zhang, Changtao Jiang, Yanli Pang
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic multifactorial cardiovascular disease that can be regulated through the adipose function. Inhibition of HIF-1 alpha reduces adipose ceramide generation, cholesterol levels, and inflammatory responses, leading to improved dyslipidemia and atherogenesis. This inhibition may be a novel approach to slow atherosclerotic progression.
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B
(2022)
Article
Biology
Shanshan Sun, Li Sun, Kai Wang, Shanshan Qiao, Xinyue Zhao, Xiaomin Hu, Wei Chen, Shuyang Zhang, Hantian Li, Huanqin Dai, Hongwei Liu
Summary: The study found that the gut commensal Candida parapsilosis is a causative fungus for the development of high fat-diet induced obesity in mice, highlighting the therapeutic strategy targeting gut fungi. In addition, the results suggest that fungi could represent possible targets for combating obesity.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shanshan Qiao, Kai Wang, Chang Liu, Nan Zhou, Li Bao, Jun Wang, Shuangjiang Liu, Hongwei Liu
Summary: Ganoderma meroterpene derivative (GMD) can increase the abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut, leading to beneficial effects on host metabolic disorders. In this study, Faeciroseburia intestinalis was identified as a key commensal bacteria associated with the therapeutic effects of GMD. Oral administration of F. intestinalis showed benefits in regulating hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, reducing plasma lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and inflammation, and improving hepatic injuries. F. intestinalis enhanced the production of gut butyrate, which improved intestinal barrier function and activated epithelial PPAR-? signaling pathway to regulate gut microbiome homeostasis.
FOOD SCIENCE AND HUMAN WELLNESS
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Junxia Zhang, Ruqi Liang, Kai Wang, Wenjia Zhang, Mao Zhang, Li Jin, Peng Xie, Wen Zheng, Haibao Shang, Qingmei Hu, Jiayi Li, Gengjia Chen, Fujian Wu, Feng Lan, Lipeng Wang, Shi-Qiang Wang, Yongfeng Li, Yong Zhang, Jinghao Liu, Fengxiang Lv, Xinli Hu, Rui-Ping Xiao, Xiaoguang Lei, Yan Zhang
Summary: This study identified hesperadin as a specific small-molecule inhibitor of CaMKII-delta with dual functions of cardioprotective and antitumor effects. These findings may contribute to the development of new approaches for the treatment of heart disease and cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Bo Chen, Lulu Sun, Guangyi Zeng, Zhe Shen, Kai Wang, Limin Yin, Feng Xu, Pengcheng Wang, Yong Ding, Qixing Nie, Qing Wu, Zhiwei Zhang, Jialin Xia, Jun Lin, Yuhong Luo, Jie Cai, Kristopher W. Krausz, Ruimao Zheng, Yanxue Xue, Ming-Hua Zheng, Yang Li, Chaohui Yu, Frank J. Gonzalez, Changtao Jiang
Summary: Tobacco smoking is positively correlated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), but the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study found that nicotine accumulates in the intestine during tobacco smoking and activates intestinal AMPK alpha. The gut bacterium Bacteroides xylanisolvens is identified as an effective nicotine degrader. These findings highlight the role of intestinal nicotine accumulation in NAFLD progression and the presence of an endogenous bacterium in the human intestine that can metabolize nicotine.
Article
Microbiology
Yanpeng Ma, Yi Zhang, Ruize Qu, Xin Zhou, Lulu Sun, Kai Wang, Changtao Jiang, Zhipeng Zhang, Wei Fu
Summary: Colorectal cancer is closely related to microbiota and bile acids. This study found that mucosal microbiota in cancerous tissues showed alterations, with increased levels of certain genera and higher production of deoxycholic acid (DCA). The downregulation of FXR was observed in cancer cell lines, which played an important role in CRC development. These findings have implications for potential therapeutic targets for CRC prevention.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kai Wang, Zhiwei Zhang, Jing Hang, Jia Liu, Fusheng Guo, Yong Ding, Meng Li, Qixing Nie, Jun Lin, Yingying Zhuo, Lulu Sun, Xi Luo, Qihang Zhong, Chuan Ye, Chuyu Yun, Yi Zhang, Jue Wang, Rui Bao, Yanli Pang, Guang Wang, Frank J. Gonzalez, Xiaoguang Lei, Jie Qiao, Changtao Jiang
Summary: A mechanistic understanding of how microbial proteins affect the host could provide valuable insights into the interaction between gut microbiota and the host. Researchers have developed an enzyme activity-screening platform to examine how gut microbiota-derived enzymes impact host physiology. They have identified specific bacterial taxa that express dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) and found that microbial DPP4 can decrease active glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) levels and disrupt glucose metabolism in mice with a leaky gut. They have also discovered a selective microbial DPP4 inhibitor called daurisoline-d4 (Dau-d4) that improves glucose tolerance in diabetic mice.
Correction
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanshan Qiao, Chang Liu, Li Sun, Tao Wang, Huanqin Dai, Kai Wang, Li Bao, Hantian Li, Wenzhao Wang, Shuang-Jiang Liu, Hongwei Liu
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Shanshan Qiao, Chang Liu, Li Sun, Tao Wang, Huanqin Dai, Kai Wang, Li Bao, Hantian Li, Wenzhao Wang, Shuang-Jiang Liu, Hongwei Liu
Summary: This study reveals that a Ganoderma meroterpene derivative can prevent atherosclerosis by increasing the abundance of Parabacteroides merdae in the gut, leading to enhanced branched-chain amino acid catabolism and cardiometabolic benefits.
