Mega doses of retinol: A possible immunomodulation in Covid‐19 illness in resource‐limited settings

Are children less susceptible to COVID-19?

(2020) Ping-Ing Lee et al.   JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY IMMUNOLOGY AND INFECTION

Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China

(2020) Chaolin Huang et al.   LANCET

Continuing versus suspending angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: Impact on adverse outcomes in hospitalized patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)

(2020) Renato D. Lopes et al.   AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL

SARS-CoV-2 Cell Entry Depends on ACE2 and TMPRSS2 and Is Blocked by a Clinically Proven Protease Inhibitor

(2020) Markus Hoffmann et al.   CELL

Association of Inpatient Use of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitors and Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers with Mortality Among Patients With Hypertension Hospitalized With COVID-19

(2020) Peng Zhang et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2: SARS-CoV-2 Receptor and Regulator of the Renin-Angiotensin System

(2020) Mahmoud Gheblawi et al.   CIRCULATION RESEARCH

Comparative replication and immune activation profiles of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV in human lungs: an ex vivo study with implications for the pathogenesis of COVID-19

(2020) Hin Chu et al.   CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES

COVID-19, diabetes mellitus and ACE2: The conundrum

(2020) Rimesh Pal et al.   DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE

Hypothesis: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers may increase the risk of severe COVID-19

(2020) James H Diaz   JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE

The proximal origin of SARS-CoV-2

(2020) Kristian G. Andersen et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Rare driver mutations in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas converge on NOTCH signaling

(2020) Sampath K. Loganathan et al.   SCIENCE

Papain-like protease regulates SARS-CoV-2 viral spread and innate immunity

(2020) Donghyuk Shin et al.   NATURE

Clinical and immunological assessment of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections

(2020) Quan-Xin Long et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Covid‐19: Time for a paradigm change

(2020) Franco M. Buonaguro et al.   REVIEWS IN MEDICAL VIROLOGY

Host-pathogen interaction in COVID-19: Pathogenesis, potential therapeutics and vaccination strategies

(2020) Praveen Mathews Varghese et al.   IMMUNOBIOLOGY

IFN-I response timing relative to virus replication determines MERS coronavirus infection outcomes

(2019) Rudragouda Channappanavar et al.   JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION

Vitamin A Supplementation Was Associated with Reduced Mortality in Patients with Ebola Virus Disease during the West African Outbreak

(2019) Adam R Aluisio et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

Vitamin A deficiency impairs the immune response to intranasal vaccination and RSV infection in neonatal calves

(2019) Jodi L. McGill et al.   Scientific Reports

Retinoic acid induces hypersegmentation and enhances cytotoxicity of neutrophils against cancer cells

(2017) Sanjeeb Shrestha et al.   IMMUNOLOGY LETTERS

Case report

(2017) Amandine Bichon et al.   MEDICINE

Cytokine storm and sepsis disease pathogenesis

(2017) Benjamin G. Chousterman et al.   Seminars in Immunopathology

Dysregulated Type I Interferon and Inflammatory Monocyte-Macrophage Responses Cause Lethal Pneumonia in SARS-CoV-Infected Mice

(2016) Rudragouda Channappanavar et al.   Cell Host & Microbe

Vitamin A Controls the Presence of RORγ+Innate Lymphoid Cells and Lymphoid Tissue in the Small Intestine

(2016) Gera Goverse et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Pulmonary Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) and Inflammatory Lung Disease

(2016) Hongpeng Jia   SHOCK

The Immune Response in Measles: Virus Control, Clearance and Protective Immunity

(2016) Diane Griffin   Viruses-Basel

All Trans Retinoic Acid, Transforming Growth Factor β and Prostaglandin E2 in Mouse Plasma Synergize with Basophil-Secreted Interleukin-4 to M2 Polarize Murine Macrophages

(2016) Victor W. Ho et al.   PLoS One

Vitamins A and D have antagonistic effects on expression of effector cytokines and gut-homing integrin in human innate lymphoid cells

(2015) B. Ruiter et al.   CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL ALLERGY

Severe measles pneumonia in adults with respiratory failure: role of ribavirin and high-dose vitamin A

(2015) Ebru Ortac Ersoy et al.   Clinical Respiratory Journal

Retinoic Acid Is Essential for Th1 Cell Lineage Stability and Prevents Transition to a Th17 Cell Program

(2015) Chrysothemis C. Brown et al.   IMMUNITY

Retinoic Acid Differentially Regulates the Migration of Innate Lymphoid Cell Subsets to the Gut

(2015) Myung H. Kim et al.   IMMUNITY

The Effects of All-Trans Retinoic Acid on the Induction of Oral Tolerance in a Murine Model of Bronchial Asthma

(2015) Hirotaka Sakamoto et al.   INTERNATIONAL ARCHIVES OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY

IRF4 Is a Critical Gene in Retinoic Acid–Mediated Plasma Cell Formation and Is Deregulated in Common Variable Immunodeficiency–Derived B Cells

(2015) Randi L. Indrevær et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Disease-Promoting Effects of Type I Interferons in Viral, Bacterial, and Coinfections

(2015) Sophia Davidson et al.   JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH

A screen of approved drugs and molecular probes identifies therapeutics with anti–Ebola virus activity

(2015) Lisa M. Johansen et al.   Science Translational Medicine

The Role of Cytokines and Chemokines in Filovirus Infection

(2015) Sandra Bixler et al.   Viruses-Basel

Clinical report of serious complications associated with measles pneumonia in children hospitalized at Shengjing hospital, China

(2015) Jiujun Li et al.   Journal of Infection in Developing Countries

Experimental immunology Decreased serum and mucosa immunoglobulin A levels in vitamin A- and zinc-deficient mice

(2014) Sorayya Kheirouri et al.   Central European Journal of Immunology

Vitamin A Deficiency Decreases and High Dietary Vitamin A Increases Disease Severity in the Mouse Model of Asthma

(2014) G. U. Schuster et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Retinoic Acid Increases Foxp3+ Regulatory T Cells and Inhibits Development of Th17 Cells by Enhancing TGF- -Driven Smad3 Signaling and Inhibiting IL-6 and IL-23 Receptor Expression

(2014) S. Xiao et al.   JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY

Effect of all-trans retinoic acid treatment on prohibitin and renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system expression in hypoxia-induced renal tubular epithelial cell injury

(2014) Tian-Biao Zhou et al.   JOURNAL OF THE RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN-ALDOSTERONE SYSTEM

Maternal retinoids control type 3 innate lymphoid cells and set the offspring immunity

(2014) Serge A. van de Pavert et al.   NATURE

Respiratory Tract Epithelial Cells Express Retinaldehyde Dehydrogenase ALDH1A and Enhance IgA Production by Stimulated B Cells in the Presence of Vitamin A

(2014) Rajeev Rudraraju et al.   PLoS One

Oral retinyl palmitate or retinoic acid corrects mucosal IgA responses toward an intranasal influenza virus vaccine in vitamin A deficient mice

(2014) S.L. Surman et al.   VACCINE

Effects of dietary vitamin A content on antibody responses of feedlot calves inoculated intramuscularly with an inactivated bovine coronavirus vaccine

(2013) Junbae Jee et al.   AMERICAN JOURNAL OF VETERINARY RESEARCH

All-trans retinoic acid attenuates airway inflammation by inhibiting Th2 and Th17 response in experimental allergic asthma

(2013) Jinhong Wu et al.   BMC IMMUNOLOGY

Lung-resident tissue macrophages generate Foxp3+regulatory T cells and promote airway tolerance

(2013) Pejman Soroosh et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

Delayed induction of proinflammatory cytokines and suppression of innate antiviral response by the novel Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus: implications for pathogenesis and treatment

(2013) S. K. P. Lau et al.   JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY

In vitro inhibition of mumps virus by retinoids

(2013) Kaitlin J Soye et al.   Virology Journal

Risk of pneumonia associated with use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers: systematic review and meta-analysis

(2012) D. Caldeira et al.   BMJ-British Medical Journal

The Role of Retinoic Acid in Tolerance and Immunity

(2011) Jason A. Hall et al.   IMMUNITY

Prostaglandin E2 suppresses the differentiation of retinoic acid–producing dendritic cells in mice and humans

(2011) Angus Stock et al.   JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE

The Sensing of Environmental Stimuli by Follicular Dendritic Cells Promotes Immunoglobulin A Generation in the Gut

(2010) Keiichiro Suzuki et al.   IMMUNITY

All-trans retinoic acid for treatment of chronic hepatitis C

(2010) Wulf O. Böcher et al.   LIVER INTERNATIONAL

Origin of measles virus: divergence from rinderpest virus between the 11th and 12th centuries

(2010) Yuki Furuse et al.   Virology Journal

Exacerbated Innate Host Response to SARS-CoV in Aged Non-Human Primates

(2010) Saskia L. Smits et al.   PLoS Pathogens

GM-CSF and IL-4 synergistically trigger dendritic cells to acquire retinoic acid-producing capacity

(2009) Aya Yokota et al.   INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOLOGY

Early Upregulation of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome-Associated Cytokines Promotes Lethal Disease in an Aged-Mouse Model of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Infection

(2009) B. Rockx et al.   JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY

Toll-like receptor 2–dependent induction of vitamin A–metabolizing enzymes in dendritic cells promotes T regulatory responses and inhibits autoimmunity

(2009) Santhakumar Manicassamy et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Association between antioxidant vitamins and asthma outcome measures: systematic review and meta-analysis

(2009) S Allen et al.   THORAX

Retinoids inhibit measles virus in vitro via nuclear retinoid receptor signaling pathways

(2008) Claire Trottier et al.   ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH

The discovery of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 and its role in acute lung injury in mice

(2008) Yumiko Imai et al.   EXPERIMENTAL PHYSIOLOGY

Markers of Innate Immune Function Are Associated with Vitamin A Stores in Men

(2008) Shaikh M. Ahmad et al.   JOURNAL OF NUTRITION

CD103+ GALT DCs promote Foxp3+ regulatory T cells

(2008) K R R Siddiqui et al.   Mucosal Immunology

Regulation of humoral and cellular gut immunity by lamina propria dendritic cells expressing Toll-like receptor 5

(2008) Satoshi Uematsu et al.   NATURE IMMUNOLOGY