Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Helen Pinto, Ian D. Gates
Summary: This study examines the existing and potential low carbon energy sources in Nunavut that could replace diesel and highlights the interplay of stakeholder acceptability criteria and roadblocks. The findings show a lack of financial incentive for bottom-up change due to subsidized diesel-based electricity and lack of grants for renewable options, as well as conflicting priorities between existing and potential power producers stalling top-down change.
RENEWABLE & SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Ceramics
Khang Hoang, Camille Latouche, Stephane Jobic
Summary: Rare-earth doped barium zirconate ceramics have potential applications as proton-conducting and luminescent materials. This study investigates the behavior of dysprosium and other point defects in BaZrO3. The research reveals that the tetravalent Dy4+ ion is stable in the Zr lattice site, but energetically less favorable than the trivalent Dy3+ ion due to the presence of oxygen vacancies and mixed-site occupancy of Dy in the lattice. The study also shows the strong hybridization of certain unoccupied Dy 4f states and O 2p states in the Dy-Zr(0) configuration, which is unique for rare-earth-containing materials.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julie Abildgaard, Thorkil Ploug, Anette Tonnes Pedersen, Pia Eiken, Bente Klarlund Pedersen, Jens Juul Holst, Bolette Hartmann, Birgitte Lindegaard
Summary: Despite higher fasting levels, postmenopausal women exhibit comparable postprandial suppression of bone turnover markers to premenopausal women. None of the postprandial gut hormone increases predict postprandial bone turnover suppression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Andrew D. Hanson, Donald R. McCarty, Christopher S. Henry, Xiaochen Xian, Jaya Joshi, Jenelle A. Patterson, Jorge D. Garcia-Garcia, Scott D. Fleischmann, Nathan D. Tivendale, A. Harvey Millar
Summary: Metabolic engineering utilizes enzymes to construct biosystems for specific tasks, with the working life and failure modes of enzymes being important indicators of engineering performance. By adopting catalytic cycles until replacement (CCR) as a metric, the functional lifespan of enzymes in vivo can be calculated, with enzymes in different organisms showing varying CCR values. Enzymes susceptible to damage by specific substrates, products, or mechanisms tend to have shorter lifespans, suggesting that enzyme engineering to increase CCR and reduce replacement costs could be beneficial.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Sergei Manzhos, Manabu Ihara
Summary: This article discusses issues related to computing accurate vibrational spectra for molecule-surface systems, including quantum effects, anharmonicity, and coupling of key degrees of freedom. The advantages and disadvantages of different computational techniques are described, and the potential of collocation is highlighted. Application examples of anharmonic techniques to molecule-surface systems are provided.
PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CHEMICAL PHYSICS
(2022)
Article
Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture
Nischal Shrestha, Colton Botta, Titus Barik, Chris Parnin
Summary: Programmers may face difficulties in learning new programming languages, especially when previous knowledge interferes with the learning process. Research has shown that programmers often make unsuccessful attempts to relate a new programming language to what they already know.
COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM
(2022)
Article
Astronomy & Astrophysics
Philipp Girichidis
Summary: Magnetic fields play a key role in the interstellar medium by exhibiting varying field strengths and complex correlations with gas density. The alignment of magnetic field lines with gas flow is found to coincide with the onset of gravitational instability in molecular gas. However, the connection between three-dimensional alignment and two-dimensional observables is non-trivial due to the large dispersion of magnetic field orientation along the line of sight.
MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Multidisciplinary
Peter E. D. Love, Lavagnon A. Ika
Summary: Hospital projects worldwide often experience misperformance, which leads to cost overruns, delays, quality issues, and benefit shortfalls. This paper investigates the misperformance of three mega-hospital projects using a case study approach and sense-making analysis. The findings highlight issues such as scope changes, risk and uncertainty management challenges, ineffective project management and governance, and optimism bias, which adversely affect project performance.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Lais R. F. M. Paulino, Ernando I. T. de Assis, Venancia A. N. Azevedo, Bianca R. Silva, Ellen da Cunha, Jose R. Silva
Summary: The developmental competence of oocytes is acquired gradually during follicular development, mainly through the accumulation of RNA molecules and proteins. Although there have been attempts to develop in vitro culture systems, achieving oocyte competence in human and domestic animals has not yet been successful. Difficulties in obtaining fertilizable oocytes are related to factors such as the synthesis of numerous mRNAs and proteins, the long duration of follicular development, the size of preovulatory follicles, the composition of the culture medium, and the need for multi-step culture systems. Developing a culture system that maintains bidirectional communication and meets the metabolic demands of different stages of follicle growth is the key to extending the culture period.
REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Loizos Heracleous, David Gledhill
Summary: Digital transformations are widespread, but the chances of success are low. We propose three change strategies to increase the chances of success. Organizations should foster understanding and collaboration between business and technology leaders, and create shared ownership of the transformation. Nurturing in-house technology DNA, setting shared targets, and integrating business and technology perspectives are essential.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED BEHAVIORAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Stanley Nattel, Philip T. Sager, Joerg Hueser, Jordi Heijman, Dobromir Dobrev
Summary: Atrial fibrillation is the most common sustained clinical arrhythmia, contributing significantly to population morbidity and mortality. Current therapies for rhythm control are not optimally effective or safe, requiring the use of preclinical models for development of improved treatment options. Despite insights gained from extensive research, translating mechanistic discoveries into clinically applicable safe and effective therapies has proven challenging.
CARDIOVASCULAR RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Political Science
Florian Fastenrath, Paul Marx, Achim Truger, Helena Vitt
Summary: Despite growing inequality, rich citizens are not taxed more heavily, a phenomenon that is explained through the actions and beliefs of politicians. In a study focusing on Germany, left-wing politicians identify obstacles in taxing the rich, including organized business lobbying and long-term communication strategies influencing tax preferences. The interviews also uncover a previously unrecognized barrier called the 'vicious competence cycle', which describes how overwhelmed left-wing politicians are by tax issues and the consequential disadvantages they face when dealing with resourceful anti-tax actors.
JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY
(2022)
Article
Education, Scientific Disciplines
Samantha L. Sevenhuysen, Fiona Kent, Caroline Wright, Cylie Williams, Kelly-Ann Bowles, Kristie Matthews, Darshini Ayton, Stephen Maloney
Summary: This study explored clinical educators' experiences of student-initiated discussions questioning the evidence-base of their clinical practice and identified their preferred approaches for students to initiate these conversations. Clinical educators highlighted that student-initiated conversations about deviations from evidence-based practice could have positive or negative impacts on them, students, and patients, with the perceived appropriateness influenced by the method used by students to initiate the conversation. Barriers and facilitators identified by clinical educators to support students in appropriately initiating conversations about clinical practice may be utilized by education and health providers to enhance learning opportunities.
NURSE EDUCATION TODAY
(2021)
Review
Behavioral Sciences
John Phillips, Rachel Muheim, Michael Painter, Jenny Raines, Chris Anderson, Lukas Landler, Dave Dommer, Adam Raines, Mark Deutschlander, John Whitehead, Nicole Edgar Fitzpatrick, Paul Youmans, Chris Borland, Kelly Sloan, Kaitlyn McKenna
Summary: This paper reviews the presence of a magnetic compass in mice and compares it to light-dependent compasses in other animals. The study found that the magnetic compass of mice is sensitive to low-level radio frequency fields. The presence of anthropogenic radio frequency fields in laboratory settings may be an important source of variability in the response of mice to magnetic cues.
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Karin Fehsel
Summary: This article presents the molecular link between impaired iron metabolism and deficits in neuronal energy metabolism. Insufficient cellular glucose uptake leads to increased ferritin expression and depletion of the cellular free iron pool. This triggers a series of molecular signaling pathways that ultimately result in cell death and chronic disease anemia.