Harnessing Mechanobiology for Tissue Engineering

A primary challenge in tissue engineering is to recapitulate both the structural and functional features of whole tissues and organs. In vivo, patterning of the body plan and constituent tissues emerges from the carefully orchestrated interactions between the transcriptional programs that give rise to cell types and the mechanical forces that drive the bending, twisting, and extensions critical to morphogenesis. Substantial recent progress in mechanobiology-understanding how mechanics regulate cell behaviors and what cellular machineries are responsible-raises the possibility that one can begin to use these insights to help guide the strategy and design of functional engineered tissues. In this perspective, we review and propose the development of different approaches, from providing appropriate extracellular mechanical cues to interfering with cellular mechanosensing machinery, to aid in controlling cell and tissue structure and function.

Automated summary

A primary challenge in tissue engineering is to replicate the structural and functional features of whole tissues and organs. Recent progress in mechanobiology offers insights into how mechanics regulate cell behaviors and cellular machineries, which can help guide the design of functional engineered tissues. By providing appropriate mechanical cues or interfering with cellular mechanosensing machinery, it may be possible to control cell and tissue structure and function.