Article
Neurosciences
Dominic R. W. Burrows, Giovanni Diana, Birgit Pimpel, Friederike Moeller, Mark P. Richardson, Dani S. Bassett, Martin P. Meyer, Richard E. Rosch
Summary: Neuronal activity during seizures can be described through the avalanches framework, which relates microscale activity with macro-scale properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of drug-induced seizures on critical avalanche dynamics and found that single neuron activity across the whole brain loses critical statistics during seizures. Additionally, densely connected networks disrupt optimal computational capacities and lead to functional impairments during seizures.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hideaki Yamamoto, F. Paul Spitzner, Taiki Takemuro, Victor Buendia, Hakuba Murota, Carla Morante, Tomohiro Konno, Shigeo Sato, Ayumi Hirano-Iwata, Anna Levina, Viola Priesemann, Miguel A. Munoz, Johannes Zierenberg, Jordi Soriano
Summary: High-level information processing in the mammalian cortex requires both segregated processing in specialized circuits and integration across multiple circuits. One possible way to implement these demands is by flexibly switching between states with different levels of synchrony. The control of complex synchronization patterns in neuronal networks remains elusive, but this study provides insights by manipulating and stimulating networks of cortical neurons in vitro. Results show that a modular architecture enhances the network's sensitivity to external asynchronous stimulation and that the depletion of synaptic resources in stimulated neurons is the underlying mechanism for this effect.
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Fabrizio Lombardi, Oren Shriki, Hans J. Herrmann, Lucilla de Arcangelis
Summary: Resting-state brain activity is characterized by neuronal avalanches without characteristic size, indicating criticality and long-range correlations in brain functioning. Analyzing temporal correlations in broadband brain activity through neuronal avalanches may provide insights into normal and pathological behaviors in complex cortical rhythms.
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Giovanni Rabuffo, Pierpaolo Sorrentino, Christophe Bernard, Viktor Jirsa
Summary: Decades of research have expanded our knowledge of the biophysical mechanisms underlying consciousness, but there is still a need for a framework that connects models of consciousness with the organization of spontaneous brain activity. Based on observations of spontaneous brain activity, the authors propose a hypothesis that conscious access occurs in cycles of segregation and integration of information. They suggest that integration events correspond to collective bursts of neuronal activity known as neuronal avalanches.
FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Optics
Arutyun Bagramyan, Loic Tabourin, Ali Rastqar, Narges Karimi, Frederic Bretzner, Tigran Galstian
Summary: This study introduces a novel miniature single-photon microscope with an electrically tunable liquid crystal lens for imaging in-depth fine neuronal structures in the brains of freely moving mice. The microscope is compact, lightweight, offers fast acquisition, high magnification, and high resolution, allowing for imaging of calcium activity during a wide range of behavioral tasks.
PHOTONICS RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Samora Okujeni, Ulrich Egert
Summary: Multiple studies suggest that biological neuronal networks tend to self-organize into a critical state with stable recruitment dynamics. This is observed through the statistical activation of exactly one further neuron during activity cascades called neuronal avalanches. However, the explosive recruitment dynamics within neocortical mini-columns in vivo and neuronal clusters in vitro indicate the formation of supercritical local circuits, which poses a contradiction. Theoretical studies propose that a mix of regionally subcritical and supercritical dynamics in modular networks can create apparently critical dynamics, resolving this inconsistency. Experimental support is provided by manipulating the self-organization process of cultured rat cortical neuronal networks, showing that increasing clustering strongly correlates with a transition from supercritical to subcritical activity dynamics in avalanche size distributions.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Winnie Poel, Bryan C. Daniels, Matthew M. G. Sosna, Colin R. Twomey, Simon P. Leblanc, Iain D. Couzin, Pawel Romanczuk
Summary: The study finds that startle cascades in fish schools are subcritical and that the distance to criticality decreases as perceived risk increases. Considering the costs associated with both true and false alarms, being subcritical and modulating the distance to criticality can be understood as managing a trade-off between sensitivity and robustness based on the riskiness and noisiness of the environment.
Article
Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications
Gustavo Menesse, Boris Marin, Mauricio Girardi-Schappo, Osame Kinouchi
Summary: In self-organized criticality models, criticality is usually only observed for vanishing external fields h -> 0, which is not common in natural systems. In dissipative systems, a phenomenon called dirty criticality or self-organized quasi-criticality (SOqC) exists instead of true critical behavior characterized by clean power laws obeying finite-size scaling. This study proposes simple homeostatic mechanisms for neuronal networks to achieve near criticality even in the presence of significant external input.
CHAOS SOLITONS & FRACTALS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Pierpaolo Sorrentino, Emahnuel Troisi Lopez, Antonella Romano, Carmine Granata, Marie Constance Corsi, Giuseppe Sorrentino, Viktor Jirsa
Summary: This study demonstrates that the non-linear part of brain signals carries individual-specific information, playing a crucial role in differentiation. By using neuronal avalanches to characterize fast dynamics between individuals, and comparing with Pearson's correlation, the study shows that selecting the moments and places where neuronal avalanches spread can improve differentiation.
Article
Neurosciences
Yue-Guang Si, Wen-Xin Su, Xing-Dong Chen, Ze-Yu Li, Biao Yan, Jia-Yi Zhang
Summary: Plastic changes in neuronal ensembles within the primary visual cortex were observed after associative learning, with stable neurons showing decreased connectivity and new neurons displaying increased connectivity. These findings suggest that new neurons may play a critical role in memory formation during associative learning.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Zengguang Ma, Liangpeng Wei, Xiaolang Du, Shaowei Hou, Feng Chen, Qingyan Jiao, Aili Liu, Shujing Liu, Junsong Wang, Hui Shen
Summary: This study investigates the influence of electrical stimulus parameters on cellular calcium responses and signaling mechanisms in neurons and astrocytes. The findings suggest that cathodal stimulation evokes larger responses in both neurons and astrocytes compared to anodal stimulation. Furthermore, astrocytes require longer pulse width and higher current intensity to activate, and cannot maintain sustained calcium elevation during prolonged electrical stimulation. Astrocytic activity is regulated by manipulating stimulus parameters and is crucial to understand the mechanisms underlying the therapeutic efficacy of electrical stimulation.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Renata Pazzini, Osame Kinouchi, Ariadne A. Costa
Summary: The study investigates the critical phenomena of networks of stochastic leaky integrate-and-fire neurons at the mean-field level and the impact of rewiring probability on small-world networks. Results show the presence of power-law neuronal avalanches at the critical point, with critical exponents belonging to the directed-percolation class when the rewiring probability is zero.
Article
Physics, Fluids & Plasmas
Manoj Kumar Nandi, Alessandro Sarracino, Hans J. Herrmann, Lucilla de Arcangelis
Summary: The study found that although the avalanche profiles of most healthy neuronal systems conform to the universal avalanche scaling theory, their power spectra exhibit 1/f noise rather than brown noise behavior.
Article
Optics
Yuriy Shymkiv, Rafael Yuste
Summary: A technical challenge in neuroscience is to record and manipulate the activity of neurons in living animals. In this study, an integrated optical design using a single spatial light modulator (SLM) for simultaneous imaging and photostimulation is presented. Axially dependent adaptive optics and software for calibrations and closed-loop neuroscience experiments were also developed. The system's performance was demonstrated with simultaneous calcium imaging and optogenetics in vivo in the mouse primary auditory cortex.
Review
Neurosciences
Anthony D. Umpierre, Long-Jun Wu
Summary: Microglia are innate immune cells in the central nervous system that sense extracellular cues and exhibit dynamic structural responses in brain injuries, inflammation, and pathology. Their dynamic motility is hypothesized to be crucial for sensing local alterations and engaging in pattern-specific responses, as well as regulating neuronal activity. Emerging in vivo evidence suggests that microglia play a role in monitoring and influencing neuronal activity, with calcium signaling also playing a part in their responses to the extracellular environment in health and disease.
Article
Neurosciences
An Wu, Bin Yu, Takaki Komiyama
CURRENT OPINION IN NEUROBIOLOGY
(2020)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Mark Bathe, Rigoberto Hernandez, Takaki Komiyama, Raghu Machiraju, Sanghamitra Neogi
Summary: Conventional materials are facing limitations in computation, sensing, and data storage, while the human brain excels in integrated sensing, computation, and data storage with minimal energy consumption. The proposed autonomous computing materials aim to mimic the brain's capabilities for integrated functions, offering transformative opportunities for distributed, multimodal sensing, computation, and data storage.
Article
Neurosciences
Chi Ren, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: Wide-field calcium imaging, combined with genetically encoded calcium indicators, allows for real-time capture of cortex-wide dynamics in behaving animals and has revealed unprecedented scale of cortical dynamics during various cognitive processes.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Xin Liu, Chi Ren, Yichen Lu, Yixiu Liu, Jeong-Hoon Kim, Stefan Leutgeb, Takaki Komiyama, Duygu Kuzum
Summary: The authors introduced a flexible, insertable, and transparent microelectrode array, Neuro-FITM, for multimodal recordings of cortical and hippocampal activity patterns. They demonstrated that diverse cortical activity patterns accompanied hippocampal sharp-wave ripples, with cortical activation often preceding the ripples. This suggests a selective and diverse interaction between hippocampal and large-scale cortical activity during sharp-wave ripples, underlying various cognitive functions.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Eun Jung Hwang, Jeffrey E. Dahlen, Madan Mukundan, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: It has been found that the dependence on the motor cortex during long-term learning is not fixed, but can dynamically change. Movements that achieve higher consistency are less dependent on the motor cortex, and superior motor performance can affect neural circuit reorganization.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Xin Liu, Chi Ren, Zhisheng Huang, Madison Wilson, Jeong-Hoon Kim, Yichen Lu, Mehrdad Ramezani, Takaki Komiyama, Duygu Kuzum
Summary: The study demonstrates that locally recorded surface potentials contain rich information about large-scale neural activities, which can be decoded to recover neural activity across individual cortical regions. Including all frequency bands in the decoding model results in the highest decoding performance, and incorporating more recording channels improves the decoding performance even further. This cross-modality inference approach has the potential to reconstruct cortex-wide brain activity in a non-invasive manner and facilitate imaging neural activity in freely moving animals without the need for head-fixed microscopy configurations.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Ryoma Hattori, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: Task-related information is coded with different persistency across the brain. The coding persistency of action history and value in mice varies across areas, learning phases, and task context, with the highest persistency observed in the retrosplenial cortex of expert mice. Persistent coding enables robust signal coding and distribution in neuronal networks.
Article
Neurosciences
Saber Meamardoost, Mahasweta Bhattacharya, Eun Jung Hwang, Takaki Komiyama, Claudia Mewes, Linbing Wang, Ying Zhang, Rudiyanto Gunawan
Summary: The study developed a MATLAB package called FARCI for inferring neuronal connectomes from high-dimensional two-photon Calcium fluorescence data, using partial correlations as a measure of functional association strength between neuron pairs. Testing on simulated datasets demonstrated that FARCI provides accurate connectomes and is robust to network sizes, missing neurons, and noise levels. Compared to other algorithms, FARCI produces more accurate networks, with better computational speed and scalability.
Article
Neurosciences
Nathan G. Hedrick, Zhongmin Lu, Eric Bushong, Surbhi Singhi, Peter Nguyen, Yessenia Magana, Sayyed Jilani, Byung Kook Lim, Mark Ellisman, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: Learning induces the formation of new dendritic spines, which bind new presynaptic inputs into preexisting clusters, generating locally coherent inputs representing learned behaviors. Successful connections are selected based on co-activity with nearby task-related spines, ensuring the functional clustering of new spines. Furthermore, a majority of new spines synapse with previously unrepresented axons, suggesting the binding of new information into functional synaptic clusters.
NATURE NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Chi Ren, Kailong Peng, Ruize Yang, Weikang Liu, Chang Liu, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: This study found that different subtypes of inhibitory neurons (INs) in the cortex of mice learning a task are globally modulated throughout the cortex, with initial learning involving varying levels of activation of VIP-INs and SOM-INs. Furthermore, manipulation of the cholinergic system can affect the activity of cortical IN subtypes and subsequently impact motor learning.
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Fangyu Liu, Saber Meamardoost, Rudiyanto Gunawan, Takaki Komiyama, Claudia Mewes, Ying Zhang, EunJung Hwang, Linbing Wang
Summary: In this study, deep learning was applied to neural decoding, and the performance of different decoding schemes was evaluated. The results showed that deep learning networks outperformed traditional machine learning algorithms in some decoding schemes, indicating the potential of deep learning for behavior decoding.
JOURNAL OF NEURAL ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ryoma Hattori, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: PatchWarp is a registration algorithm developed to correct slow image distortion in calcium imaging data. It combines rigid and non-rigid registrations to robustly correct non-uniform distortions and provides a fully automated method for registering images from different imaging sessions. PatchWarp improves the quality of neural activity analyses and is useful for correcting image distortions in a wide range of disciplines.
CELL REPORTS METHODS
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Ryoma Hattori, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: This article describes a protocol for longitudinal in vivo two-photon calcium imaging using an ultra-large cranial window in head-fixed mice. The protocol allows tracking neural activity from different cortical areas at cellular resolution to understand cortical computations during behavioral tasks.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Chi Ren, Takaki Komiyama
Summary: Characterizing cortex-wide neural activity through wide-field calcium imaging in awake, head-fixed mice allows for capturing large-scale neural activity with sufficient signal-to-noise ratio and spatiotemporal resolution. The use of genetically encoded calcium indicators enables longitudinal imaging and cell-type specificity. A processing pipeline for imaging data is also described.