Review
Cell Biology
Faith M. Joseph, Nicolas L. Young
Summary: Post-translational modifications (PTMs) of histones play a key role in DNA-based processes and contribute to cell differentiation and gene function by adding an extra layer of regulation. Variations in histone sequences within each family of histones expand the chromatin repertoire and provide further mechanisms for regulation and signaling. However, much remains unknown about variant-specific PTMs and their role in regulating chromatin due to limited technologies and appropriate reagents.
SEMINARS IN CELL & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose-Luis Garcia-Gimenez, Concepcion Garces, Carlos Roma-Mateo, Federico Pallardo
Summary: Epigenetic regulation of gene expression plays a crucial role in cellular response to environmental changes, but cellular imbalance can lead to pathological conditions. Oxidative stress and free radicals can influence histone modifications, affecting gene expression.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rafael Fogaca de Almeida, Matheus Fernandes, Lyris Martins Franco de Godoy
Summary: Histone post-translational modifications (hPTMs) are abundant and varied in Trypanosoma cruzi, indicating potential conserved epigenetic functions. The comprehensive map of hPTMs provided by this study can serve as a basis for further research on epigenetic mechanisms and the development of epigenetic drugs against trypanosomatids.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bethany C. Taylor, Nicolas L. Young
Summary: Histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) play a crucial role in regulating the genome by storing and transmitting complex signals about the genome state. Different PTM sites on the same histone molecule or nucleosome work in concert, supported by 'readers' structures, to transduce signals in specific cellular contexts.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Aurelie Etier, Fabien Dumetz, Sylvain Chereau, Nadia Ponts
Summary: Studies have shown that histone post-translational modifications play a crucial role in biological processes of fungi, particularly in regulating primary and secondary metabolisms of filamentous fungi.
Article
Biology
Jiaqi Liu, Xianzun Tao, Yi Zhu, Chong Li, Kai Ruan, Zoraida Diaz-Perez, Priyamvada Rai, Hongbo Wang, R. Grace Zhai
Summary: The study demonstrates that NMNAT can promote glioma growth by enhancing NAD(+)-dependent posttranslational modifications that inhibit p53 pro-apoptotic activity. This finding reveals a novel tumorigenic mechanism involving the protein complex formation of p53 with NAD(+) synthetic enzyme NMNAT and NAD(+)-dependent PTM enzymes, which regulate glioma growth.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dongha Kim, Hye Jin Nam, Sung Hee Baek
Summary: Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) plays a crucial role in regulating gene expression through its catalytic activity and interactions with various protein partners. The function of LSD1 is tightly regulated by diverse post-translational modifications (PTMs). This review provides a comprehensive understanding of the regulation and function of LSD1 following various PTMs and discusses the therapeutic implications of targeting these modifications for human diseases.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS
(2023)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Gonzalo Millan-Zambrano, Adam Burton, Andrew J. Bannister, Robert Schneider
Summary: This Review discusses the impact of histone post-translational modifications (PTMs) on DNA processes and emphasizes their role in genome regulation. It explores the different ways in which PTMs can influence DNA-templated processes, such as transcription, recombination, replication, DNA repair, and genomic architecture. The review also highlights important advances in understanding how histone PTMs can exert direct or indirect effects on genome function.
NATURE REVIEWS GENETICS
(2022)
Review
Genetics & Heredity
Vincenzo Cavalieri
Summary: The emergence of a nucleosome-based chromatin structure during the evolutionary transition from prokaryotes to eukaryotes plays a crucial role in adaptive responses to environmental influence through epigenetic mechanisms involving histones. The overwhelming number of post-translational modifications at multiple residues of histones and their implications in nucleosome dynamics and chromatin processes are discussed in this review.
Review
Physiology
Kelsey S. Kalous, Sarah L. Wynia-Smith, Brian C. Smith
Summary: Increased sirtuin deacylase activity is associated with longer lifespan and lower susceptibility to aging-related diseases in eukaryotes, while decreased activity is linked to higher disease risk. Oxidative post-translational modifications such as cysteine nitrosation and glutathionylation can inhibit sirtuin deacylase activity, potentially providing a mechanistic link between cellular oxidants and age-related disease development.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eugene Varfolomeev, Domagoj Vucic
Summary: Receptor interacting protein 1 (RIP1) kinase is a critical regulator of inflammation and cell death signaling, and its post-translational modifications, such as ubiquitination, phosphorylation, and cleavage, greatly impact its function in signaling pathways.
BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Julia Kraxner, Charlotta Lorenz, Julia Menzel, Iwan Parfentev, Ivan Silbern, Manuela Denz, Henning Urlaub, Blanche Schwappach, Sarah Koester
Summary: The mechanical properties of biological cells are influenced by the cytoskeleton, with phosphorylation serving as a fast mechanism for mechanical modulation. Phosphorylation can soften filaments, and the binding of 14-3-3 protein to phosphorylated filaments further enhances this effect, potentially preserving the softening and altering cell mechanics in the cell.
Article
Cell Biology
Mohd Shariq, Neha Quadir, Javaid Ahmad Sheikh, Alok Kumar Singh, William R. Bishai, Nasreen Z. Ehtesham, Seyed E. Hasnain
Summary: The host utilizes ubiquitin pathway to combat intracellular pathogens, while pathogens like Mycobacterium tuberculosis exploit this pathway to dampen host innate immune response.
Review
Cell Biology
Li Chen, Anna Kashina
Summary: Post-translational modifications (PTM) involve enzyme-mediated covalent addition of functional groups to proteins during or after synthesis, greatly increasing biological complexity and playing a crucial role in biological regulation.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ji Min Lee, Henrik M. Hammaren, Mikhail M. Savitski, Sung Hee Baek
Summary: Post-translational modifications (PTMs) on specific amino acids control the stability of target proteins. These PTM-regulated degrons act as signals for protein degradation or stabilization. This review summarizes the current knowledge of PTM-mediated protein stability regulation to enhance the identification of novel drug targets.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
