Article
Chemistry, Applied
Qixing Nie, Jielun Hu, Haihong Chen, Fang Geng, Shaoping Nie
Summary: The study suggests that arabinoxylan has positive effects on the gut microbiota and metabolites in type 2 diabetic rats, promoting the growth of fiber-degrading bacteria, reducing the abundance of opportunistic pathogens, and modulating the levels of metabolites.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jiaqiang Wu, Kangping Yang, Hancheng Fan, Meilin Wei, Qin Xiong
Summary: This review summarizes the molecular links between gut microbiota-derived metabolites and the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). It also reviews potential therapies for T2DM involving modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites through probiotics, prebiotics, fecal microbiota transplantation, and other methods. Clinical trials investigating the role of gut microbiota and its metabolites are critically discussed. The review highlights the potential therapeutic strategy of targeting the gut microbiota and its metabolites for the prevention and treatment of T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Leilei Du, Qi Li, Huan Yi, Tingting Kuang, Yi Tang, Gang Fan
Summary: This review provides a timely and comprehensive summary of the microbial metabolites that are protective or causative for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), including amino acids-derived metabolites, short-chain fatty acids, trimethylamine N-oxide, and bile acids. The mechanisms by which these metabolites affect T2DM are elaborated, and frontier therapies targeting gut microbes and their metabolites to improve T2DM are critically discussed, including dietary intervention, fecal microbiota transplantation, probiotics, prebiotics or synbiotics intervention, and drugging microbial metabolism. This review offers novel insights for the development of targeted and personalized treatments for T2DM based on gut microbial metabolites, with the need for more high-quality clinical trials.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lixiang Zhai, Jiayan Wu, Yan Y. Lam, Hiu Yee Kwan, Zhao-Xiang Bian, Hoi Leong Xavier Wong
Summary: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion leading to high blood sugar levels. Disturbances in gut microbiota play a significant role in the development of insulin resistance in T2D. Research on gut microbial metabolites and probiotics-based therapeutic strategies show promise in alleviating insulin resistance in T2D by modulating gut microbiota.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bing Yang, Zhiwei Xiong, Meng Lin, Yanjun Yang, Yaping Chen, Jingqi Zeng, Xiaobin Jia, Liang Feng
Summary: This study found that polysaccharides, the main components of Astragalus, a traditional Chinese medicine, can regulate the gut microbiota associated with type 1 diabetes (T1D). It improves gut barrier function, gut microbiota composition, lowers blood glucose, and increases insulin levels. This effect may be related to the production of short-chain fatty acids and the modulation of inflammatory response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xinru Deng, Chenhong Zhang, Pengxu Wang, Wei Wei, Xiaoyang Shi, Pingping Wang, Junpeng Yang, Limin Wang, Shasha Tang, Yuanyuan Fang, Yalei Liu, Yiqi Chen, Yun Zhang, Qian Yuan, Jing Shang, Quane Kan, Huihui Yang, Hua Man, Danyu Wang, Huijuan Yuan
Summary: This study aimed to explore the mechanism of empagliflozin on cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes. The results showed that empagliflozin treatment improved cardiovascular risk factors and had significant effects on gut microbiota and plasma metabolites.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Xinyuan Liu, Mengqian Dun, Tongtong Jian, Yuqing Sun, Mingyu Wang, Guoying Zhang, Jianya Ling
Summary: In this study, the effects of Cordyceps militaris extracts (CE) and cordycepin (CCS) on T2DM mice were analyzed using gut microbiome and metabolomics methods. The results showed that the CCS and CE groups had decreased glucose and lipid metabolism parameters, oxidative stress biomarkers, and inflammation cytokines. Comparative analysis of fecal samples indicated a higher abundance of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes in the experimental groups. These findings suggest that C. militaris could be used as a food supplement to alleviate T2DM.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yiren Yang, Yuwei Zhang, Jiangping Song, Yaqian Li, Liuyang Zhou, Hongtao Xu, Kaizhang Wu, Jie Gao, Mouming Zhao, Yang Zheng
Summary: This study found that polysaccharides from bergamot (BP) can alleviate colitis symptoms by regulating gut microbiota and metabolism. The results showed that BP can promote the proliferation of beneficial bacteria, increase the levels of short-chain fatty acids and L-phenylalanine, and reduce inflammation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Werner C. Albrich, Tarini Shankar Ghosh, Sinead Ahearn-Ford, Flora Mikaeloff, Nonhlanhla Lunjani, Brian Forde, Noemie Suh, Gian-Reto Kleger, Urs Pietsch, Manuel Frischknecht, Christian Garzoni, Rossella Forlenza, Mary Horgan, Corinna Sadlier, Tommaso Rochat Negro, Jerome Pugin, Hannah Wozniak, Andreas Cerny, Ujjwal Neogi, Paul W. O'Toole, Liam O'Mahony
Summary: Protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection and its clinical sequelae requires coordinated metabolic and immune responses. The role of gut microbiota in regulating these responses and its association with disease outcomes has not been thoroughly investigated.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lina Yang, Li Li, Xinghui Wu, Wenqi Cai, Qian Lin, Danshi Zhu
Summary: Natural polysaccharides play a significant role in modulating gut microbiota and improving T2D management. They change the composition of gut microbiota, inhibit pathogen invasion, and promote beneficial bacterial growth. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which natural polysaccharides improve T2D through regulating gut microbiota is crucial for future management strategies.
CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhouya Bai, Xiaojun Huang, Guangjie Wu, Yanli Zhang, Hedi Xu, Yang Chen, Huayu Yang, Shaoping Nie
Summary: Small black soybean polysaccharides improve symptoms of hyperglycemia and hyperlipidemia and regulate linoleic acid metabolism in STZ-induced diabetic rats through gut microbiota and metabolic modulation.
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Zhouya Bai, Xiaojun Huang, Guangjie Wu, Hui Ye, Wenqi Huang, Qixing Nie, Haihong Chen, Junyi Yin, Yi Chen, Shaoping Nie
Summary: Crude polysaccharides extracted from red kidney bean (RK)display significant antidiabetic activity in type 2 diabetic mice. This study investigates the mechanism and identifies the core functional component of RK. The purified polysaccharides, RKP, are identified as potential effective dietary supplement for type 2 diabetic individuals.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Camelia Oana Iatcu, Aimee Steen, Mihai Covasa
Summary: The gut microbiota plays a crucial role in the development of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. Modulating the gut microbiota through probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, and fecal microbial transplantation shows potential in treating diabetes and its complications. The severity of gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with disease severity, and restoration of the gut microbiota through probiotic administration can improve symptoms and disease progression.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Yuntao Zhang, Lin Liu, Chunbo Wei, Xuanyang Wang, Ran Li, Xiaoqing Xu, Yingfeng Zhang, Guannan Geng, Keke Dang, Zhu Ming, Xinmiao Tao, Huan Xu, Xuemin Yan, Jia Zhang, Jinxia Hu, Ying Li
Summary: This study demonstrated that vitamin K2 can improve symptoms of type 2 diabetes mellitus by regulating gut microbial composition. The key role of the gut microbiota in impaired glycemic homeostasis and insulin sensitivity was also revealed. The potential mechanisms were clarified through 16S rRNA sequencing, fecal metabolomics, and transcriptomics.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Keli Yang, Junkun Niu, Tao Zuo, Yang Sun, Zhilu Xu, Whitney Tang, Qin Liu, Jingwan Zhang, Enders K. W. Ng, Simon K. H. Wong, Yun Kit Yeoh, Paul K. S. Chan, Francis K. L. Chan, Yinglei Miao, Siew C. Ng
Summary: This study reveals that obese individuals, especially those with T2DM, have decreased gut viral richness and diversity compared to lean controls. There are altered viral taxonomic composition and weakened viral-bacterial correlations in obesity, and the gut virome may play a role in the development of obesity and T2DM.
Review
Food Science & Technology
Paz Otero, M. Carpena, P. Garcia-Oliveira, J. Echave, A. Soria-Lopez, P. Garcia-Perez, M. Fraga-Corral, Hui Cao, Shaoping Nie, Jianbo Xiao, J. Simal-Gandara, M. A. Prieto
Summary: Consumers nowadays are increasingly aware of the relationship between diet and health, leading to a preference for natural products. Seaweeds have emerged as a potential source of bioactive carbohydrates, with numerous polysaccharides arousing the interest of the scientific community due to their biological activities. Environmentally friendly extraction technologies and chemical modification methods have been developed to improve the yield, quality, and applications of seaweed polysaccharides. This review aims to compile current information about seaweed polysaccharides, including extraction and modification methods, biological activities, and future trends for their industrial applications.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Song Li, Jielun Hu, Haoyingye Yao, Fang Geng, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This review explores the effects of different galactans on gut microbiota and the production of short-chain fatty acids. It summarizes the structural characteristics of four types of galactans and discusses the ability of gut microbiota to utilize them. The findings suggest potential applications of galactans as functional foods.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xincheng Wu, Xiaojun Huang, Wanning Ma, Mingzhi Li, Jiajia Wen, Chunhua Chen, Liandi Liu, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This study compared the intestinal immunomodulatory mechanisms of nine representative bioactive polysaccharides. The results revealed that these polysaccharides promote intestinal immunity through different ways, such as alleviating immune suppression in intestinal mucosal T cells, improving the intestinal microenvironment, promoting the colonization of beneficial bacteria, inhibiting the colonization of harmful bacteria, and alleviating the accumulation of certain metabolites in the large intestine. These findings provide a guideline for the development of superior intestinal immunomodulatory polysaccharides.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shuping Chen, Junqiao Wang, Nan Dong, Qiuyue Fang, Yanli Zhang, Chunhua Chen, Steve W. W. Cui, Shaoping Nie
Summary: Polysaccharides from Cordyceps sinensis showed promising effects on experimental acute ulcerative colitis in mice. They alleviated colitis symptoms, inhibited NF-kappa B pathway activation, and modulated the gut microbiota composition. These findings suggest that Cordyceps sinensis polysaccharides have potential as a treatment for ulcerative colitis.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Tongwen Huang, Ke Zhang, Junqiao Wang, Kaihong He, Xingtao Zhou, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This study found that quercetin can alleviate the hepatotoxicity caused by acrylamide generated in heat-treated foods. Experiments on mice showed that quercetin can reduce the oxidative stress levels induced by acrylamide and protect the liver from damage. The results demonstrated that quercetin suppressed acrylamide-induced ferroptosis by inhibiting oxidative stress-driven autophagy, leading to the mitigation of liver injury.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Jinjin Liu, Junyi Yin, Xiaojun Huang, Cencen Liu, Liuyun Hu, Yansheng Huang, Fang Geng, Shaoping Nie
Summary: This study aimed to remove the controversial anthraquinones from Cassia obtusifolia seed water extracts (CWEs) using baking treatment (BT), stir-frying treatment (ST), and adsorption treatment (AT). Results showed that AT had the best removal effect on total anthraquinones and increased the content of neutral sugars in CWEs. However, AT decreased the antioxidant activity of CWEs.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junhua Xie, Freddy Haesebrouck, Lien Van Hoecke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
Summary: Bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) have been shown to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. This article thoroughly discusses the contribution of bEVs in disease pathogenesis, their potential as diagnostic biomarkers, and their application as therapeutic targets.
TRENDS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Junhua Xie, Lien Cools, Griet Van Imschoot, Elien Van Wonterghem, Marie J. Pauwels, Ine Vlaeminck, Chloe De Witte, Samir EL Andaloussi, Keimpe Wierda, Lies De Groef, Freddy Haesebrouck, Lien Van Hoecke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
Summary: The gut microbiota and its interaction with pathogens like Helicobacter pylori play a significant role in the development of Alzheimer's disease, with outer membrane vesicles acting as important carriers of virulence factors.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Hao Zhang, Chunhua Chen, Yanli Zhang, Hongmei Yin, Jielun Hu, Yadong Zhong, Shaoping Nie, Mingyong Xie
Summary: This study comprehensively investigated and compared the fermentation characteristics of indigestible glucans (IGs) with different structural properties and their effects on the gut microbiota. The results showed that different IGs were utilized by the gut microbiota at varying rates, and some remained unfermented after 48 hours. During fermentation, IGs released mono-, di-, or trisaccharides and lowered the pH of the broth, while producing short-chain fatty acids. The analysis also revealed that different IGs selectively promoted the proliferation of specific bacteria in the gut.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Yu Wu, Wengan Zhou, RuTing Feng, Duoduo Zhang, Yongkang Yu, Zuanyuan Huang, Junyi Yin, Xingtao Zhou, Shaoping Nie
Summary: The immunomodulatory effects of glucan from fruit body of Dictyophora rubrovolvata (DRP) were evaluated in this study. It was found that DRP can recover CTX-induced immunosuppression and activate dendritic cells (DCs) to increase cytokine secretion. The study also revealed that DRP regulates the AKT-STAT1 signaling pathway via Mincle in DCs to induce CD4(+) T cell proliferation and differentiation, thereby ameliorating CTX-induced immunosuppression.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Shanshan Zhang, Yonggan Sun, Qixing Nie, Jielun Hu, Wenwen Su, Zheyu Guo, Yanli Zhang, Shaoping Nie
Summary: Polysaccharides are commonly used as carriers for colon-targeted drugs, but their degradation and effects on gut microbiota in colitis conditions are unclear. In this study, the fermentation of four polysaccharides using colonic content microbiota from mice with colitis was performed. The results show that pectin and guar gum have a greater degree of degradation and promote the production of beneficial bacteria, while carrageenan and xanthan gum promote the proliferation of harmful bacteria.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Anqi Xie, Haihua Ji, Zheyi Liu, Yiqun Wan, Xuecong Zhang, Huihuang Xiong, Shao-Ping Nie, Hao Wan
Summary: Oral administration of probiotics is a promising method to alleviate inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), but sensitivity to the gastrointestinal environment and poor intestinal colonization hinder their effectiveness. In this study, a modified prebiotic-based shield (Fe-TA@mGN) was developed to enhance the stress resistance ability and intestinal colonization of Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN). The shield improved the survival rate of EcN and its retention in the intestine, leading to efficient alleviation of colitis. Additionally, the shield synergized with EcN to regulate gut microbiota and promote the production of short-chain fatty acids, further enhancing the alleviation of colitis.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Junhua Xie, Arnout Bruggeman, Clint De Nolf, Charysse Vandendriessche, Griet Van Imschoot, Elien Van Wonterghem, Lars Vereecke, Roosmarijn E. Vandenbroucke
Summary: Accumulating evidence suggests that gut microbiota dysbiosis is associated with increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and contributes to Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the influence of gut microbiota on the blood-cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) barrier has not been studied. This study found that mice lacking gut microbiota show increased blood-CSF barrier permeability associated with disorganized tight junctions (TJs), which can be rescued by recolonization with gut microbiota or supplementation with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs).
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qianhuang Xiao, Wenqi Huang, Quanyong Wu, Hedi Xu, Yanli Zhang, Jingrui Yang, Shuigen Bian, Huizi Tan, Shaoping Nie
Summary: A sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy diet, and antibiotic use have been associated with an increased incidence of metabolic disorders and inflammation. This study focused on the effects of pectin, an edible polysaccharide, with different esterification degrees on mice treated with a high-fat diet and low-dose antibiotics. The results showed that different types of pectin had differential effects on metabolic health, inflammatory markers, gut microbiota, and serum metabolome.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Shi-Kang Chen, Yu-Hao Li, Xin Wang, Yu-Qing Guo, Xiao-Xiao Song, Shao-Ping Nie, Jun-Yi Yin
Summary: In this study, the structural order of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharides from different regions was evaluated using several analysis methods, revealing various structural types including fucogalactoglucan, glucofucogalactan, fucoglucan, and glucan. The main chains of heterogalactans consist of alpha-(1 -> 6)-Galp residues, which may be substituted by Fucp and Galp residues at O-2.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2023)
