Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Antoine Gardin, Katharina Remih, Emmanuel Gonzales, Emma Rachel Andersson, Pavel Strnad
Summary: The liver plays a crucial role in health and its dysfunction can lead to various diseases. Genetic approaches, enzyme substitution therapy, and siRNA drugs have been developed for the treatment of liver-related disorders. These methods have shown promising results but still face challenges such as immune response and long-term stability of treatment.
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Branka Filipovic, Snezana Lukic, Dragana Mijac, Marija Marjanovic-Haljilji, Marko Vojnovic, Jelena Bogdanovic, Tijana Glisic, Natasa Filipovic, Jamal Al Kiswani, Aleksandra Djokovic, Suncica Kapor, Slobodan Kapor, Zoran Bukumiric, Ana Starcevic
Summary: NAFLD is a common chronic liver disease with complex pathogenesis involving oxidative stress, impaired mitochondrial metabolism, inflammation, and other factors. New therapeutic approaches target key pathophysiological pathways, including drug interventions and probiotics.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Fernando Lopez, Jatin P. Shah, Jonathan J. Beitler, Carl H. Snyderman, Valerie Lund, Cesare Piazza, Antti A. Makitie, Orlando Guntinas-Lichius, Juan P. Rodrigo, Luiz P. Kowalski, Miquel Quer, Ashok Shaha, Akihiro Homma, Alvaro Sanabria, Renata Ferrarotto, Anne W. M. Lee, Victor H. F. Lee, Alessandra Rinaldo, Alfio Ferlito
Summary: Endoscopic endonasal surgery is an effective treatment for selected cases of sinonasal cancers, but there is still debate in some cases. Based on the available literature, this surgery allows for safe resection of selected lesions with decreased morbidity, but when contraindicated, craniofacial and transfacial approaches remain the best option.
ADVANCES IN THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Wei-Chung Shia, Li-Sheng Lin, Dar-Ren Chen
Summary: This study introduces a machine learning method for breast tumor classification in ultrasound images, reducing clinical diagnosis efforts while maintaining high classification performance. By utilizing feature extraction and selection methods, along with classification and performance enhancement techniques, efficient classification of malignant breast tumors is achieved.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Leonidas Trakolis, Athanasios K. Petridis
Summary: Recent advances in diagnostics and adjuvant therapy of meningiomas have raised questions about the oncological relevance of complete tumor removal. Some authors consider the Simpson grading system to be outdated and opt for a more conservative approach. This narrative review discusses the significance of the extent of resection in aggressive meningiomas in terms of oncological outcomes and postoperative functional outcomes.
Article
Oncology
Thomas N. N. Nissen, Catherine Rechnitzer, Birgitte K. K. Albertsen, Lotte Borgwardt, Vibeke B. B. Christensen, Eva Fallentin, Henrik Hasle, Lars S. S. Johansen, Lisa L. L. Maroun, Karin B. B. Nissen, Allan Rasmussen, Mathias Rathe, Steen Rosthoj, Nicolai A. A. Schultz, Peder S. S. Wehner, Marianne H. H. Jorgensen, Jesper Brok
Summary: This study reports the incidence, outcomes, and long-term adverse events of malignant liver tumors in Danish children over the past 35 years. The overall incidence of liver tumors in Danish children was approximately 2.29 per 1 million children per year, with hepatoblastoma being the most common tumor. The overall 5-year survival rate was 84% and 78% for hepatoblastomas and hepatocellular carcinomas, respectively, with age≥8 years being the most significant factor associated with a poorer prognosis. Adverse events included reduced renal and cardiac function, as well as impaired hearing function, affecting a significant number of patients.
Review
Cell Biology
Caroline M. Li, Pouya Haratipour, Robert G. Lingeman, J. Jefferson P. Perry, Long Gu, Robert J. Hickey, Linda H. Malkas
Summary: Peptides are increasingly being used as therapeutics for various diseases, including cancer, due to their target specificity and low toxicity. They can induce cell death through multiple mechanisms, but face challenges such as degradation by proteases and poor absorption. Recent strategies have been developed to overcome these obstacles and improve peptide delivery and bioavailability for cancer treatment.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Farshad Mirzavi, Mehdi Barati, Anvar Soleimani, Roghayyeh Vakili-Ghartavol, Mahmoud Reza Jaafari, Mohammad Soukhtanloo
Summary: Liposomal delivery system has shown promising results in treating melanoma by safely and effectively delivering therapeutic agents to the tumor site. By using liposomal delivery system, the success rate of current melanoma therapies can be improved and resistance can be overcome.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Kinga Panuciak, Mikolaj Margas, Karolina Makowska, Monika Lejman
Summary: Pediatric cancers, such as lymphomas and leukemias, are being treated with modern solutions that target the immune system. CAR-T cells, bispecific antibodies, and antibody-drug conjugates have been approved for the treatment of pediatric leukemias. Immune checkpoint inhibitors, pattern recognition receptors, and therapeutic antibodies also show significant benefits for these diseases.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Irene Paula Popa, Mihai Stefan Cristian Haba, Minela Aida Maranduca, Daniela Maria Tanase, Dragomir N. Serban, Lacramioara Ionela Serban, Radu Iliescu, Ionut Tudorancea
Summary: Heart failure is a progressive medical condition that has a significant impact on patients' life expectancy and quality of life. Despite advancements in pharmacological treatments, preventing premature deaths remains a challenge. Research is focused on discovering new mechanisms and therapies for heart failure, with promising results and the potential to complement existing medications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shampa Ghosh, Jitendra Kumar Sinha, Tarab Khan, Kuramkote Shivanna Devaraju, Prabhakar Singh, Kumar Vaibhav, Pankaj Gaur
Summary: Epilepsy is a common chronic brain disorder affecting people of all ages, accompanied by various health issues. Understanding the mechanisms and treatment of epilepsy is crucial for improving the quality of life for patients.
Article
Immunology
Rachana Yadav, Alfiya Momin, Chandraiah Godugu
Summary: Neutrophils defend against pathogens by releasing neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) through the mechanism of NETosis. While NETs play a crucial role in anti-infectious immune responses, abnormally high concentrations can cause tissue damage and inflammation, and the release of DNase may interfere with the antibacterial effects of NETs.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Bhabatush Biswas, Tarun Kumar Misra, Debasis Ray, Tapan Majumder, Tarun Kanti Bandyopadhyay, Tridib Kumar Bhowmick
Summary: Tuberculosis is a global health issue caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has high mortality rates. Current treatment for drug-resistant tuberculosis is often associated with poor patient compliance. However, research on novel anti-tubercular drugs and nanotechnology-mediated drug delivery shows promise for more effective treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiaofeng Qin, Yujie Ning, Liming Zhou, Youming Zhu
Summary: Oral submucosal fibrosis (OSF) is a chronic oral disorder with a high incidence of malignancy. This review discusses the various pathogenic factors and mechanisms of OSF, the mechanism of malignant transformation into oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and the existing treatment methods and new therapeutic targets and drugs. It summarizes the key molecules, abnormal miRNAs and lncRNAs, and natural compounds with therapeutic effects, providing new molecular targets and research directions for the prevention and treatment of OSF.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Karolina Nennes, Pascal D. Johann, Stefanie Tuechert, Patrick Melchior, Christian Vokuhl, Reiner Siebert, Rhoikos Furtwaengler, Michael C. Fruehwald
Summary: Extracranial malignant rhabdoid tumors (extracranial MRT) are rare and aggressive malignancies that mainly affect infants and children under 3 years old. They commonly occur in the kidneys and other soft tissues. The genetic origin of these tumors is linked to pathogenic variants in the SMARCB1 or SMARCA4 genes, which encode subunits of the SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complex. Although extracranial MRTs appear to be relatively homogeneous, recent epigenome analyses have revealed some degree of epigenetic heterogeneity. The use of intensified therapies has modestly improved survival rates, but high-risk patients still have a poor prognosis.
CANCER MANAGEMENT AND RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Lena Bundschuh, Vesna Prokic, Matthias Guckenberger, Stephanie Tanadini-Lang, Markus Essler, Ralph A. Bundschuh
Summary: This study focuses on the optimal definition of tumors in PET images for radiation therapy treatment planning. By using textural features, the researchers aimed to differentiate between tumoral tissue and surrounding tissue for accurate segmentation of target lesions. The algorithm showed promising results in phantom studies and demonstrated feasibility in patients. However, further validation with larger patient cohorts and histopathological standards is necessary.
Article
Oncology
Nathanael Raschzok, Sebastian Stintzing, Volker Heinemann, Geraldine Rauch, Jens Ricke, Matthias Guckenberger, Annika Kurreck, Annabel H. S. Alig, Arndt Stahler, Lars Bullinger, Moritz Schmelzle, Wenzel Schoening, Georg Lurje, Felix Krenzien, Oliver Haase, Beate Rau, Bernhard Gebauer, Igor M. Sauer, Johann Pratschke, Dominik P. Modest
Summary: The concept of additive/adjuvant chemotherapy after local treatment of colorectal metastases has not been proven successful. The PORT trial aims to generate evidence that post-resection/ablation/radiation chemotherapy improves survival in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer.
Article
Oncology
M. C. Tjong, A. Louie, A. K. Singh, G. Videtic, K. Stephans, N. Plumridge, S. Harden, B. J. Slotman, F. Alongi, M. Guckenberger, S. Siva
Summary: This overview provides a summary of the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of single-fraction stereotactic ablative body radiotherapy (SABR) for primary lung cancers and lung metastases, compared with multi-fraction SABR regimens. A comprehensive literature search was conducted to identify relevant trials and cohort studies, and the review discusses the radiobiological, technical, and organ at risk considerations of single-fraction SABR for lung treatment.
Review
Oncology
Marc D. Piroth, David Krug, Petra Feyer, Rene Baumann, Stephanie Combs, Marciana-Nona Duma, Juergen Dunst, Gerd Fastner, Rainer Fietkau, Matthias Guckenberger, Wulf Haase, Wolfgang Harms, Thomas Hehr, Felix Sedlmayer, Rainer Souchon, V Strnad, Wilfried Budach
Summary: Evidence suggests that SBRT treatment in oligometastatic breast cancer shows positive effects on local tumor control and survival rates, but it remains unclear which patients benefit the most from this approach. Further studies are needed to prove the benefits of SBRT in oligometastatic breast cancer and to define appropriate selection criteria.
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Joerg Tamihardja, Ingulf Lawrenz, Paul Lutyj, Stefan Weick, Matthias Guckenberger, Buelent Polat, Michael Flentje
Summary: This study compared the long-term outcomes and toxicities of dose-escalated EBRT versus EBRT + HDR-BT boost for localized prostate cancer. The results showed that both treatment options had excellent long-term outcomes with low rates of severe toxicity.
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Dilara Akhoundova, Saskia Hussung, Smruthy Sivakumar, Antonia Topfer, Markus Rechsteiner, Abdullah Kahraman, Fabian Arnold, Florian Angst, Christian Britschgi, Martin Zoche, Holger Moch, Achim Weber, Ethan Sokol, Ralph M. Fritsch
Summary: This study analyzed a clinical dataset of approximately 40,589 patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and found ROS1 genomic rearrangements in 0.08% of CRC samples. The most common ROS1 fusion gene identified was GOPC-ROS1. Contrary to previous studies, these ROS1 rearrangements were exclusively found in microsatellite stable (MSS) CRCs and had significantly fewer KRAS mutations compared to ROS1 wild type cases. A patient with GOPC-ROS1 rearrangement showed a good treatment response to the molecularly targeted drug crizotinib, but experienced disseminated tumor progression and a KRAS Q61H mutation after 15 months of treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Michel Adamina, Maxime Warlaumont, Martin D. Berger, Silvio Daster, Raphael Delaloye, Antonia Digklia, Beat Gloor, Ralph Fritsch, Dieter Koeberle, Thibaud Koessler, Kuno Lehmann, Phaedra Mueller, Ralph Peterli, Frederic Ris, Thomas Steffen, Christian Stefan Weisshaupt, Martin Huebner
Summary: This study provides comprehensive treatment algorithms for peritoneal cancer, including cytoreductive surgery, systemic immunochemotherapy, and intraperitoneal chemotherapy. These algorithms have been endorsed by Swiss clinicians and can provide guidance for the interdisciplinary care of patients with peritoneal cancer.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Manuel Lauinger, Daniel Christen, Rhena F. U. Klar, Carole Roubaty, Christoph E. Heilig, Michael Stumpe, Jennifer J. Knox, Nikolina Radulovich, Laura Tamblyn, Irene Y. Xie, Peter Horak, Andrea Forschner, Michael Bitzer, Uwe A. Wittel, Melanie Boerries, Claudia R. Ball, Christoph Heining, Hanno Glimm, Martina Froehlich, Daniel Huebschmann, Steven Gallinger, Ralph Fritsch, Stefan Froehling, Grainne M. O'Kane, Joern Dengjel, Tilman Brummer
Summary: This study functionally characterizes BRAF exon 12 deletions and compares them with other BRAF ss 3-alpha C mutants. It demonstrates that BRAF(Delta ss 3-alpha C) deletion mutants form stable dimers and multiprotein complexes, and their dimerization is necessary. Some mutants with aromatic amino acid insertions at the deletion junction exhibit resistance to monomer-favoring RAF inhibitors while being sensitive to dimer-favoring inhibitors.
Article
Oncology
Marco Cefali, Isabel Scala, Giuliana Pavone, Daniel Helbling, Saskia Hussung, Ralph Fritsch, Caecilia Reiner, Soleen Stocker, Dieter Koeberle, Marc Kissling, Vito Chianca, Filippo Del Grande, Sara De Dosso, Stefania Rizzo
Summary: Malnutrition and changes in body composition such as weight loss and sarcopenia are common in pancreatic cancer patients and are associated with worse survival outcomes. However, it is unclear whether these changes are specifically linked to a higher likelihood of chemotherapy toxicity. This study retrospectively evaluated chemotherapy-related toxicity in patients with metastatic pancreatic cancer and found no significant association with body composition parameters, suggesting that other factors may play a more important role in determining prognosis.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
A. La Greca, C. Marchiori, M. Bogowicz, J. Barranco-Garcia, E. Konukoglu, O. Riesterer, P. Balermpas, C. Malossi, M. Guckenberger, J. E. van Timmeren, S. Tanadini-Lang
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
I. Madani, M. Guckenberger, D. Erler, B. J. Stish, K. R. Olivier, S. S. Park, W. Eppinga, E. Seravalli, K. J. Redmond, Y. Cao, S. Siva, D. Chang, T. K. Nguyen, M. O'Neil, A. Sahgal
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
T. Zilli, S. Siva, R. Heikkila, P. Dirix, N. Liefhooghe, F. Otte, A. Gomez-Iturriaga, W. Everaerts, M. Shelan, A. Conde-Moreno, F. Lopez Campos, A. Papachristofilou, M. Guckenberger, M. Scorsetti, A. Zapatero, A. Villafranca Iturre, C. Eito, F. Counago, P. Muto, L. Van De Voorde, V. Fonteyne, D. Moon, K. Thon, C. Mercier, V. Achard, K. Stellamans, E. Goetghebeur, D. Reynders, P. Ost
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
A. Ruehle, S. Marschner, A. Fabian, C. Senger, J. Kraft, J. von der Gruen, J. Domschikowski, A. Bickel, A. Altay-Langguth, V. Lewitzki, C. Zamboglou, M. Guckenberger, V. Budach, C. Belka, A. -L. Grosu, P. Balermpas, C. Stromberger, N. Henrik Nicolay
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
N. -S. Schmidt-Hegemann, J. Strouthos, A. Farolfi, C. Trapp, J. Peeken, M. M. E. Vogel, A. Vrachimis, C. Belka, A. -L. Grosu, F. Ceci, S. Kroeze, M. Guckenberger, C. Henkenberens, L. Emmett, C. Zamboglou, T. Wiegel
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2022)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
P. Wallimann, H. Gabry, B. Pouymayou, M. Mayinger, M. Bogowicz, M. Guckenberger, N. Andratschke, J. E. von Timmeren, S. Tanadini-Lang
STRAHLENTHERAPIE UND ONKOLOGIE
(2022)