Review
Plant Sciences
Bruno Peixoto, Elena Baena-Gonzalez
Summary: SUCROSE NON-FERMENTING1 (SNF1)-RELATED KINASE 1 (SnRK1) is an important protein kinase in plant stress responses and metabolic homeostasis. It plays a key role in reconfiguring metabolism and gene expression to enhance stress tolerance and maintain sucrose levels.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Forestry
Wen Yu, Futian Peng, Wenru Wang, Jiahui Liang, Yuansong Xiao, Xuefeng Yuan
Summary: The study revealed that SnRK1 protein kinase responds to trehalose and sorbitol treatments in peach fruit, promoting sorbitol metabolism and enhancing sucrose accumulation. These findings suggest a potential for SnRK1 in improving fruit quality.
Review
Plant Sciences
Hugo L. S. Alves, Cleverson C. Matiolli, Rafael C. Soares, M. Cecilia Almadanim, M. Margarida Oliveira, Isabel A. Abreu
Summary: Calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) are essential for plant development and stress responses, decoding dynamic changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ concentrations triggered by hormones and stresses. They directly influence plant carbon/nitrogen (C/N) balance and act as key signaling nodes connecting stress responses with metabolic homeostasis, working together with signaling hubs SnRK1, HXK1, and TOR to improve plant fitness.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Zhiyang Zhai, Jantana Keereetaweep, Hui Liu, Changcheng Xu, John Shanklin
Summary: Photosynthates such as glucose and sucrose play dual roles in plant cell metabolism, acting as substrates for fatty acid biosynthesis and signaling molecules. Recent research has shown that trehalose 6-phosphate and 2-oxoglutarate directly regulate fatty acid biosynthesis by modulating transcription factors and enzyme activities.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Thomas Depaepe, Sophie Hendrix, Henry C. Janse van Rensburg, Wim Van den Ende, Ann Cuypers, Dominique Van Der Straeten
Summary: Under stress, plants need to balance growth and defense responses to survive, relying on the unfolded protein response to cope with protein toxic effects. The involvement of reactive oxygen species, ethylene, and sugars in general stress responses is well-established, but their specific role in the unfolded protein response requires further investigation. This triad of ROS-ethylene-sugar acts as a major signaling hub in coordinating stress responses from the ER, chloroplasts, and mitochondria.
TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hongbo Li, Yanglan Liao, Xuanang Zheng, Xiaohong Zhuang, Caiji Gao, Jun Zhou
Summary: This review discusses the role of phosphorylation in the regulation of autophagosome biogenesis and autophagic degradation in plants, and summarizes the experimentally verified phosphorylation sites in the core autophagy machinery in plants. Several approaches to test the roles of phosphorylation in the regulation of plant autophagy are also proposed.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kyle W. Bender, Daniel Couto, Yasuhiro Kadota, Alberto P. Macho, Jan Sklenar, Paul Derbyshire, Marta Bjornson, Thomas A. DeFalco, Annalise Petriello, Maria Font Farre, Benjamin Schwessinger, Vardis Ntoukakis, Lena Stransfeld, Alexandra M. E. Jones, Frank L. H. Menke, Cyril Zipfel
Summary: Receptor kinases are key in extracellular sensing and stress responses in plants, with leucine-rich repeat receptor kinases regulating responses to internal and external stimuli. The phosphorylation of cytoplasmic domains is crucial for activating RK complexes, but it is not a ubiquitous requirement for LRR-RK activation. Further studies on different protein kinase domains may provide insights into the regulation of LRR-RK complexes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Michael J. Considine, Christine H. Foyer
Summary: Quiescence is an important survival mechanism in cells, where cell division is temporarily repressed. Recent studies have shown that quiescence is an actively monitored process influenced by environmental stimuli, contrary to its previous perception as an inactive state. This article provides a perspective on the quiescent state and discusses the regulation of this process by energy, nutrient and oxygen status, as well as the pathways involved in sensing and transmitting these signals. It highlights the role of canonical regulators, signaling mechanisms, mitochondrial functions, and reactive oxygen species in the orchestration of quiescence.
Article
Biology
Nan Jia, Guo Li, Xing Wang, Qing Cao, Wanbiao Chen, Chengliang Wang, Ling Chen, Xiaoling Ma, Xuan Zhang, Yue Tao, Jianye Zang, Xi Mo, Jinfeng Hu
Summary: The Staphylococcal superantigen like protein 10 induces necroptosis in human cells by binding to TNFR1 and activating multiple signaling pathways. It plays a role in immune evasion and cytotoxicity during S. aureus infection.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Yu Zhang, Jia Liu, Dandan Yu, Xinxin Zhu, Xiaoyan Liu, Jun Liao, Sheng Li, Huayi Wang
Summary: The activation of MLKL is a sequential process, starting with the dimerization of the kinase-like domain followed by the self-assembly of the internal coiled-coil region to form a proper MLKL oligomer. The dimerization of the kinase-like domain appears to be a general step in the RIP3-induced MLKL activation process for both human and other mammalian species.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Ying-chen Xia, Jian-hua Zha, Yong-Hua Sang, Hui Yin, Guo-qiu Xu, Jie Zhen, Yan Zhang, Ben-tong Yu
Summary: Activation of AMPK by ASP4132 effectively inhibits NSCLC cell growth in vitro and in vivo, inducing apoptosis, causing mitochondrial dysfunction and autophagy. AMPK activation also leads to downstream events including mTORC1 inhibition, receptor tyrosine kinase degradation, Akt inhibition, and programmed necrosis.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Maycon Anderson de Araujo, Andressa Aparecida Rodrigues de Melo, Vinicius Martins Silva, Andre Rodrigues dos Reis
Summary: The beneficial effect of selenium on sugarcane includes increased nitrogen assimilation, enhanced antioxidant metabolism, and improved growth and sugar accumulation. Leaf selenium concentration increased under selenium application, leading to increased activities of SOD and APX enzymes. Nitrate reductase activity also increased, resulting in higher total amino acids concentration and improved chlorophyll and carotenoid levels. Selenium positively influenced CO2 assimilation rate, stomatal conductance, and internal CO2 concentration. The optimal selenium application rate for sugarcane growth and sugar concentration was determined to be 10 μmol L-1.
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Komal Pandey, Ravi Shankar Kumar, Priti Prasad, Sushma, Veena Pande, Prabodh Kumar Trivedi, Pramod Arvind Shirke
Summary: This study investigates the response of guar plants to water stress by studying the changes in their carbon and nitrogen metabolism. The results show that drought conditions lead to alterations in the metabolic pathways of carbon and nitrogen in guar plants.
ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Shin-Ae Lee, Lin-Chun Chang, WooRam Jung, James W. Bowman, Dokyun Kim, Weiqiang Chen, Suan-Sin Foo, Youn Jung Choi, Un Yung Choi, Anna Bowling, Ji-Seung Yoo, Jae U. Jung
Summary: Virus-induced OASL protein promotes the assembly of RIPK3-ZBP1 non-canonical necrosome through liquid-like phase separation, activating RIPK3 and MLKL-mediated necroptosis, enhancing antiviral immune response.
NATURE CELL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Chunlan Xu, Kunao Yang, Zuodong Xuan, Jinxin Li, Yankuo Liu, Yue Zhao, Zeyuan Zheng, Yang Bai, Zhiyuan Shi, Chen Shao, Lei Zhang, Huimin Sun
Summary: BCKDK is overexpressed in breast cancer and is associated with malignancy and metastasis. It promotes directed migration of breast cancer cells by disrupting cell adhesion and extracellular matrix formation and regulates the ubiquitination of talin1 and the activation of the FAK/MAPK pathway. BCKDK may serve as a biomarker for breast cancer metastasis and contribute to the development of new diagnostic markers and therapies.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Gian Luca Borghi, Stephanie Arrivault, Manuela Guenther, David Barbosa Medeiros, Emilia Dell'Aversana, Giovanna Marta Fusco, Petronia Carillo, Martha Ludwig, Alisdair R. Fernie, John E. Lunn, Mark Stitt
Summary: Metabolite profiling and (13)CO(2)labelling studies of Flaveria species reveal the progressive re-wiring of various metabolic processes in the evolution from C(3)to C(4)photosynthesis. This includes the relocation of enzymes, establishment of shuttles, and changes in the concentration of organic acids. The findings support current models and provide further insights into the evolutionary path of C(4)photosynthesis in the genus Flaveria.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Harry Klein, Joseph Gallagher, Edgar Demesa-Arevalo, Maria Jazmin Abraham-Juarez, Michelle Heeney, Regina Feil, John E. Lunn, Yuguo Xiao, George Chuck, Clinton Whipple, David Jackson, Madelaine Bartlett
Summary: Research has found that the carpels in maize undergo programmed cell death in specific parts of the inflorescence. The GT1 and RA3 genes play important roles in regulating this process, and their proteins co-localize in the developing floral carpels. Global expression analysis of single and double mutant flowers revealed common misregulation of genes. Additionally, RA3 enhances the branching role of GT1 in plants.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Joram A. Dongus, Deepak D. Bhandari, Eva Penner, Dmitry Lapin, Sara C. Stolze, Anne Harzen, Monika Patel, Lani Archer, Lucas Dijkgraaf, Jyoti Shah, Hirofumi Nakagami, Jane E. Parker
Summary: Arabidopsis pathogen effector-triggered immunity is controlled by lipase-like proteins and HET-S/LOB-B domain proteins. The specific regions of PAD4 and SAG101 play a fundamental role in protein interactions and pathogen immunity.
Article
Plant Sciences
Natanael Vinegra de la Torre, Alice Vayssieres, Evelyn Obeng-Hinneh, Ulla Neumann, Yanhao Zhou, Ana Lazaro, Adrian Roggen, Hequan Sun, Sara C. Stolze, Hirofumi Nakagami, Korbinian Schneeberger, Ton Timmers, Maria C. Albani
Summary: This study characterized three allelic enhancers of pep1 in Arabis alpina, which lead to early flowering. It identified an AAA(+) ATPase gene, AaFRAT1, with unknown function, as the causal mutation for these enhancers. The study also investigated the expression patterns and subcellular localization of AaFRAT1, and found that it contributes to flowering time regulation and the perennial growth habit in A. alpina.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
John L. Bowman, Mario Arteaga-Vazquez, Frederic Berger, Liam N. Briginshaw, Philip Carella, Adolfo Aguilar-Cruz, Kevin M. Davies, Tom Dierschke, Liam Dolan, Ana E. Dorantes-Acosta, Tom J. Fisher, Eduardo Flores-Sandoval, Kazutaka Futagami, Kimitsune Ishizaki, Rubina Jibran, Takehiko Kanazawa, Hirotaka Kato, Takayuki Kohchi, Jonathan Levins, Shih-Shun Lin, Hirofumi Nakagami, Ryuichi Nishihama, Facundo Romani, Sebastian Schornack, Yasuhiro Tanizawa, Masayuki Tsuzuki, Takashi Ueda, Yuichiro Watanabe, Katsuyuki T. Yamato, Sabine Zachgo
Summary: The liverwort Marchantia polymorpha has been a model plant in biological studies since the 18th century and is currently experiencing a Renaissance in genomic and genetic research. Its simple cultivation, worldwide distribution, ease of crossing, and availability of genetic tools make it an ideal model organism for studying physiological, developmental, and evolutionary aspects of land plants.
Article
Plant Sciences
Omri Avidan, Thiago A. Moraes, Virginie Mengin, Regina Feil, Filip Rolland, Mark Stitt, John E. Lunn
Summary: Sucrose-nonfermenting 1 (SNF1)-related kinase 1 (SnRK1) is a central hub in carbon and energy signaling in plants, with orthologues in yeast (SNF1) and animals (AMP-activated protein kinase, AMPK). Previous studies focused on in vitro assays or marker gene expression, providing limited information about in vivo SnRK1 activity. This study used Arabidopsis reporter lines to monitor in vivo SnRK1 activity and found that it increased towards the end of the night and further when the night was extended. Surprisingly, SnRK1 activity did not decline until about 12 hours into the light period, despite the rise in sugars after dawn. The metabolite trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P), which inhibits SnRK1 in vitro, was introduced into the plants, and it was found that elevated Tre6P decreased SnRK1 activity during the light period. These findings suggest that SnRK1 operates within a network that controls carbon utilization and diel sugar homeostasis, and its activity is regulated by Tre6P in a context-dependent manner.
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
John E. Lunn
Summary: The Journal of Experimental Botany has appointed six early career researchers as editorial interns to train the next generation of editors.
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mickael Durand, Virginie Brehaut, Gilles Clement, Zsolt Kelemen, Julien Mace, Regina Feil, Garry Duville, Alexandra Launay-Avon, Christine Paysant-Le Roux, John E. Lunn, Francois Roudier, Anne Krapp
Summary: Nitrate signaling is crucial for plant growth under limited nitrate availability and NLP2 and NLP7 are key transcriptional regulators that coordinate the nitrate response by regulating carbon and energy metabolism.
Article
Plant Sciences
Itay Zemach, Saleh Alseekh, Roni Tadmor-Levi, Josef Fisher, Shai Torgeman, Shay Trigerman, Julia Nauen, Shdema Filler Hayut, Varda Mann, Edan Rochsar, Richard Finkers, Regina Wendenburg, Sonia Osorio, Susan Bergmann, John E. Lunn, Yaniv Semel, Joseph Hirschberg, Alisdair R. Fernie, Dani Zamir
Summary: By using a phenotype-guided screen of over 7900 tomato accessions, new associations for complex traits such as fruit weight and total soluble solids were identified. The study presented phenotypic data from several years of trials and demonstrated the power of the dataset through two case studies. Genome-wide association analysis allowed the detection of novel loci associated with total soluble solid content and fruit weight, suggesting the usefulness of a phenotype-guided pre-selection strategy for finding target genes for breeding.
Article
Biology
Waeil Al Youssef, Regina Feil, Maureen Saint-Sorny, Xenie Johnson, John E. Lunn, Bernhard Grimm, Pawel Brzezowski
Summary: Using a mutant screen, the functional enzyme trehalose 6-phosphate phosphatase 1 (TSPP1) was identified as responsible for dephosphorylating trehalose 6-phosphate (Tre6P) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. Knocking out the tspp1 gene results in reprogramming of cell metabolism and impairment of O-1(2)-induced chloroplast retrograde signalling. Transcriptomic analysis and metabolite profiling indicate that the accumulation or deficiency of certain metabolites directly affect the O-1(2)-signalling process.
COMMUNICATIONS BIOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Plant Sciences
Donald R. Ort, John E. Lunn
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Hirofumi Ishihara, Saleh Alseekh, Regina Feil, Pumi Perera, Gavin M. George, Piotr Niedzwiecki, Stephanie Arrivault, Samuel C. Zeeman, Alisdair R. Fernie, John E. Lunn, Alison M. Smith, Mark Stitt
Summary: The degradation of starch in the light is regulated by mechanisms similar to those operating at night. The rate of degradation depends on the time relative to dawn rather than dusk. Trehalose 6-phosphate inhibits degradation in the light. Starch degradation in the light plays an important role in stabilizing carbon availability and signaling, optimizing plant growth in natural light conditions.
Article
Plant Sciences
Maximilian M. F. F. Funfgeld, Wei Wang, Hirofumi Ishihara, Stephanie Arrivault, Regina Feil, Alison M. Smith, Mark Stitt, John E. Lunn, Totte Niittyla
Summary: Through re-examination of experimental data, the study shows that starch synthesis in leaves primarily relies on ADPG pyrophosphorylase in chloroplasts, while sucrose synthase in the cytosol makes no substantial contribution to transitory starch synthesis in Arabidopsis leaves. This finding resolves a long-standing controversy in photosynthetic metabolism.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ayumi Matsumoto, Titus Schlueter, Katharina Melkonian, Atsushi Takeda, Hirofumi Nakagami, Akira Mine
Summary: This study developed a bioluminescence-based tool for quantitative and spatial detection of bacteria in plants. By introducing the luxCDABE luciferase operon, bacterial titers in plants can be accurately reported, and it can be applied to various plant pathogenic bacteria. Additionally, these tools can be used to study the effects of plant immunity and bacterial effectors on bacterial growth, and the spatial distribution of bacteria in plant tissues can be observed using bioluminescence imaging.
PLANT COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Ka-Wai Ma, Yulong Niu, Yong Jia, Jana Ordon, Charles Copeland, Aurelia Emonet, Niko Geldner, Rui Guan, Sara Christina Stolze, Hirofumi Nakagami, Ruben Garrido-Oter, Paul Schulze-Lefert
Summary: Plants grown in natural soil are colonized by phylogenetically structured communities of microbes known as the microbiota. Some beneficial commensal bacteria can suppress part of the plant innate immune system, ultimately leading to commensal-host homeostasis.