Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Narumi Nakada-Honda, Dan Cui, Satoshi Matsuda, Eiji Ikeda
Summary: The administration of cyclophilin A (CypA) can artificially open the blood-brain barrier, allowing for easier delivery of systemically administered therapeutic drugs into neural tissues. This method showed transient and reversible effects in mouse experiments.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Changjun Yang, Lei Liu, Bianca P. Lavayen, Jonathan Larochelle, Rachel E. Gunraj, Andrew A. Butler, Eduardo Candelario-Jalil
Summary: Synthetic adropin not only provides long-lasting neuroprotection after stroke but also shows neuroprotective effects in aged animals. Treatment with adropin reduces infarct volume, improves neurological function, and decreases blood-brain barrier damage.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Taylor E. Branyan, Amutha Selvamani, Min Jung Park, Kriti E. Korula, Kelby F. Kosel, Rahul Srinivasan, Farida Sohrabji
Summary: The study identifies miR-20a-3p as a potential therapeutic for stroke and reveals different expression levels of this microRNA in astrocytes of different genders and age groups. Results show that miR-20a-3p has more neuroprotective effects when expressed in neurons, and intravenous injections of miR-20a-3p mimic significantly improve stroke outcomes.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhengzheng Ruan, Dongdong Zhang, Ruixue Huang, Wei Sun, Liyan Hou, Jie Zhao, Qingshan Wang
Summary: Chronic neuroinflammation damages dopaminergic neurons in a rotenone-induced mouse PD model through blood-brain barrier dysfunction mediated by microglial MMP-2/-9 activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Chunfu Li, Yongzhi Wang, Huiting Liu, Xinghua Zhang, Dalai Baolige, Shihua Zhao, Wei Hu, Yang Yang
Summary: Lab-attenuated rabies virus (RABV) is a less pathogenic variant compared to wild-type RABV, and through serial passage in mice brains, a safe and well-replicating strain was developed with specific amino acid substitutions on the G protein. This decreased pathogenicity was linked to increased RABV-G expression, higher apoptosis levels in infected cells, and effects on DCs and blood-brain barrier permeability.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Engineering, Biomedical
Xing Tian, Taojian Fan, Wentian Zhao, Ghulam Abbas, Bo Han, Ke Zhang, Nan Li, Ning Liu, Weiyuan Liang, Hao Huang, Wen Chen, Bing Wang, Zhongjian Xie
Summary: This review focuses on the potential applications of nanotechnology in stroke treatment. It discusses the main molecular pathological mechanisms of ischemic stroke, the role of the blood-brain barrier, and summarizes the challenges and future prospects of nanomedicine-based stroke treatments.
BIOACTIVE MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Juntao Wang, Fang Xu, Xiaoming Zhu, Xianghua Li, Yankun Li, Jia Li
Summary: The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a specialized neurovascular unit that protects the brain from harmful substances and facilitates the exchange of essential nutrients vital for brain homeostasis. Disrupted BBB integrity is often associated with brain diseases, highlighting the importance of understanding the mechanisms underlying BBB regulation. MicroRNAs (miRNA) have emerged as important regulators of BBB integrity, presenting potential therapeutic targets for brain diseases.
FRONTIERS IN BIOENGINEERING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Hematology
Lin Zhang, Irina Graf, Yaoyun Kuang, Xuan Zheng, Matteo Haupt, Arshad Majid, Ertugrul Kilic, Dirk M. Hermann, Marios-Nikos Psychogios, Martin S. Weber, Jasmin Ochs, Mathias Baehr, Thorsten R. Doeppner
Summary: The study found that EVs derived from neural progenitor cells enhance poststroke BBB integrity via regulation of ABCB1 and MMP-9, attenuating inflammatory cell recruitment by inhibiting the NF-kappa B pathway.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Physiology
Robert G. Underly, Andy Y. Shih
Summary: Nitric oxide plays important roles in normal vascular physiology but can also contribute to vascular pathology in disease; during brain ischemia, aberrant nitric oxide levels can cause cellular injury, and the rapid activation of MMP-9 at capillary pericyte somata during ischemia involves both nitric oxide synthase and new protein synthesis.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Min Joung Lee, Jiebo Zhu, Jong Hun An, Seong Eun Lee, Tae Yeon Kim, Eungseok Oh, Yea Eun Kang, Woosuk Chung, Jun Young Heo
Summary: This study found that the Notch1 signaling pathway is associated with BBB disruption caused by endothelial mitochondrial dysfunction. Activation of Notch1 may help protect BBB integrity and reduce the severity of acute brain injuries.
FLUIDS AND BARRIERS OF THE CNS
(2022)
Review
Clinical Neurology
Yang Liu, Lingxiao Qi, Zhe Li, V. Wee Yong, Mengzhou Xue
Summary: Intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is a disease caused by cerebrovascular damage, leading to hematoma enlargement, brain edema, and physical injury in the brain parenchyma. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a group of endopeptidases that can degrade components of the extracellular matrix and promote neuroinflammation. After ICH, several MMPs are upregulated and may have different functions at different stages. The glycoprotein extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN, CD147) induces the production of MMPs. The interactions between MMPs and EMMPRIN/CD147 in ICH are complex.
TRANSLATIONAL STROKE RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Shun Zhang, Zhengpeng Wan, Georgios Pavlou, Amy X. Zhong, Liling Xu, Roger D. Kamm
Summary: The study finds that interstitial flow treatment can improve vasculogenesis by upregulating the expression of MMP-2. A novel strategy involving the interplay between interstitial flow and MMP-2 inhibitor is successfully implemented to regulate the morphological parameters of self-organized microvascular networks, while maintaining vascular permeability and perfusability. These findings and methods are of great significance in boosting the development of organotypic microvascular networks.
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hui-min Gao, Hao Chen, Gui-Yun Cui, Jin-Xia Hu
Summary: This article briefly describes the role and mechanism of action of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), as well as the functional proteins involved. Additionally, it discusses the mechanisms of BBB damage following an ischemic stroke and presents several therapeutic strategies addressing these impairments. The article aims to provide innovative ideas for drug delivery research via the BBB.
CELL AND BIOSCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemical Research Methods
Stefano Sorrentino, Alessandro Polini, Valentina Arima, Alessandro Romano, Angelo Quattrini, Giuseppe Gigli, Pamela Mozetic, Lorenzo Moroni
Summary: The neurovascular system plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases like ALS, but the specific neurovascular signaling pathways in ALS remain largely unknown. This review highlights the importance of endothelial, mural, and fibroblast cells as novel targets for ALS investigation and suggests that studying the interplay between neuronal and vascular systems may unveil new molecular mechanisms behind the pathogenesis of ALS.
CURRENT OPINION IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kathryn E. Sanchez, Gary A. Rosenberg
Summary: COVID-19 primarily affects the peripheral symptoms, but it can also impact the central nervous system (CNS). The association between stroke and COVID-19 suggests overlapping molecular mechanisms. This study proposes that SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to the upregulation of inflammatory proteins in peripheral macrophages, resulting in various negative effects on endothelial function, leading to disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). This disruption alters CNS function by affecting astrocyte function and inflammasome activation.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)