Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Yijie Zhang, Xiaoqian Shi, Haiyan Sheng, Yuhan Hu, Baosen Pang, Yingmin Ma, Jiawei Jin
Summary: Smoking cessation can alleviate the effects of tobacco on diaphragm function and mitochondrial regulation, improving mitochondrial homeostasis.
BASIC & CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Anna-Theresa Mellis, Juliane Roeper, Albert L. Misko, Joshua Kohl, Guenter Schwarz
Summary: Molybdenum cofactor deficiency (MoCD) is a metabolic genetic disorder characterized by the loss of sulfite oxidase (SO) function, leading to the accumulation of sulfurous compounds. Mitochondria are severely affected in MoCD, showing altered function and morphology which contribute to the disease phenotype.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Article
Biology
Sungho Jin, Nal Ae Yoon, Zhong-Wu Liu, Jae Eun Song, Tamas L. Horvath, Jung Dae Kim, Sabrina Diano
Summary: The study reveals that mitochondrial dynamics and fatty acids oxidation in hypothalamic AgRP neurons play a critical role in AgRP neuronal function and body-weight regulation. Mice lacking Dnm1l in adult AgRP neurons showed decreased fasting-induced AgRP neuronal activity and feeding, as well as a significant decrease in body weight, fat mass, and feeding. This suggests that mitochondrial fission and fatty acid utilization are important mechanisms for energy homeostasis and weight regulation.
Article
Plant Sciences
Yue Hou, Wei Zhao, Haiyang Yu, Fangfang Zhang, Han-Ting Zhang, Yanmeng Zhou
Summary: This study found that Biochanin A (BCA) treatment can improve learning and memory abilities and alleviate Alzheimer's disease (AD) symptoms in a postmenopausal AD model. BCA acts by reversing the mitochondrial damage caused by ovariectomy, including restoring mitochondrial biogenesis, balancing mitochondrial dynamics, and regulating abnormal mitophagy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Nahuel Zamponi, Emiliano Zamponi, Sergio A. Cannas, Dante R. Chialvo
Summary: Evidence from models and experiments suggests that the networked structure observed in mitochondria emerges at the critical point of a phase transition controlled by fission and fusion rates. In this study, we provide a theoretical framework to interpret the scaling behavior of mitochondrial network quantities and validate it through experiments. The obtained scaling exponents are comparable with critical exponents from models and theory. Overall, we offer a universal description of the structural phase transition in mammalian mitochondria.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jirapong Vongsfak, Wasana Pratchayasakul, Nattayaporn Apaijai, Tanat Vaniyapong, Nipon Chattipakorn, Siriporn C. Chattipakorn
Summary: Cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury can lead to poor oxygen supply, brain infarction, and an imbalance in mitochondrial dynamics, which plays a crucial role in cell survival and infarct area size regulation. Understanding and regulating mitochondrial dynamics may help prevent or treat cerebral injury.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lingyu Qin, Shuhua Xi
Summary: Mitochondria have various forms and can change shape through fusion and fission. Mitochondrial dynamics proteins play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial fission. Abnormal mitochondrial fission can lead to kidney damage, making the study of mitochondrial fission important in the treatment of kidney diseases.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Yi-Han Chiu, Shu-Chuan Amy Lin, Chen-Hsin Kuo, Chia-Jung Li
Summary: Mitochondria are double-membraned organelles with fluidity, serving as the main site for cellular aerobic respiration and providing energy for cell proliferation, migration, and survival, known as "powerhouses." They play crucial roles in biological processes such as cell death and senescence. Fission and fusion of mitochondria are active processes requiring specialized proteins that regulate morphology and dynamics of mitochondria.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Steven M. Graves, Sarah E. Schwarzschild, Rex A. Tai, Yu Chen, D. James Surmeier
Summary: Abusing methamphetamine is linked to a higher risk of developing Parkinson's disease by increasing mitochondrial oxidant stress in SNc dopaminergic neurons. This damage was confirmed by observing degeneration in these neurons after chronic methamphetamine use, which could be prevented by inhibiting MAO. Shorter bouts of methamphetamine use also caused oxidative stress and degeneration, with different sensitivities to MAO and Cav1 Ca2+ channel inhibition, pointing towards potential pharmacological strategies to reduce the risk of PD in patients with methamphetamine use disorder.
NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mary Adebayo, Seema Singh, Ajay Pratap Singh, Santanu Dasgupta
Summary: Mitochondria are dynamic organelles inherited maternally, fulfilling cellular energy demand and playing roles in cell signaling, metabolism, and apoptosis. Maintenance of mitochondrial integrity and homeostasis through fusion and fission is crucial, and imbalance can lead to various diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Roberta A. Gottlieb, Honit Piplani, Jon Sin, Savannah Sawaged, Syed M. Hamid, David J. Taylor, Juliana de Freitas Germano
Summary: Mitochondrial quality control relies on various mechanisms such as selective elimination of damaged mitochondria, mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, and fission, which are crucial for maintaining heart health.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Evanthia Pangou, Izabela Sumara
Summary: Mitosis ensures genome integrity by precisely segregating genetic material, while also tightly coordinating the segregation of subcellular organelles, such as mitochondria, to meet energy demands and facilitate their efficient inheritance. Mitochondria, highly dynamic organelles, undergo fission, fusion, and transport events during the cell cycle, with kinases phosphorylating key factors to drive fragmentation for distribution to daughter cells. This review highlights the complex regulatory networks linking mitotic factors, mitochondrial dynamics, and potential implications in human disease.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mohammed Almannai, Azza Salah, Ayman W. El-Hattab
Summary: This review discusses the essential interaction between mitochondrial membranes and mtDNA for mtDNA maintenance. It also reviews different mtDNA maintenance disorders caused by defects in this interaction and therapeutic approaches relevant to defects in mitochondrial membranes.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Fajardo, Michael Coronado, Melia Matthews, Daniel Bernstein
Summary: Alterations in mitochondrial function and morphology are critical adaptations to cardiovascular stress, working in concert in an attempt to restore organelle-level and cellular-level homeostasis. Processes that alter mitochondrial morphology include fission, fusion, mitophagy, and biogenesis, and these interact to maintain mitochondrial quality control. Both pathological stressors like ischemia and physiological stressors like aerobic exercise can induce morphologic adaptations in mitochondria, but with different outcomes for mitochondrial health. Understanding the mechanisms underlying alterations in mitochondrial quality control under diverse cardiovascular stressors can aid in developing pharmacologic interventions for restoring cellular homeostasis.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Styliana Kyriakoudi, Anthi Drousiotou, Petros P. Petrou
Summary: Mitochondrial dynamics play a crucial role in regulating mitochondrial morphology and function, with dysregulation implicated in various diseases. Defects in mitochondrial fusion and fission components have been associated with conditions such as obesity, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Matthew J. Buchan, Gemma Gothard, Alexander von Klemperer, Joram van Rheede
Summary: The posteromedial thalamus has extensive connections with the whisker-related primary somatosensory cortex, but its precise role in sensory processing is still unclear and requires further investigation.
JOURNAL OF NEUROPHYSIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eugenie Nepovimova, Lucie Svobodova, Rafael Dolezal, Vendula Hepnarova, Lucie Junova, Daniel Jun, Jan Korabecny, Tomas Kucera, Zuzana Gazova, Katarina Motykova, Jana Kubackova, Zuzana Bednarikova, Jana Janockova, Catarina Jesus, Luisa Cortes, Joao Pina, Danijela Rostohar, Carlos Serpa, Ondrej Soukup, Laura Aitken, Rebecca E. Hughes, Kamil Musilek, Lubica Muckova, Petr Jost, Marketa Chvojkova, Karel Vales, Martin Valis, Zofia Chrienova, Katarina Chalupova, Kamil Kuca
Summary: The series of tacrine-benzothiazole hybrids show promising anti-AChE properties and capability to block Aβ aggregation, with the most potent derivative being 10w that exhibits highly selective inhibition of AChE. Moreover, 10w also demonstrates strong inhibitory effects against ABAD activity.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Pireh Pirzada, Adriana Wilde, Gayle Helane Doherty, David Harris-Birtill
Summary: The low adoption rate of healthcare technologies for older adults is influenced by ethical and acceptability challenges, and can be improved by meeting four key criteria: personalized customization, dignity and autonomy preservation, user control, and avoiding isolation. Researchers and developers working on assistive systems are recommended to provide interfaces via smart devices, include various sensors/devices, and define policies on data ownership.
INFORMATICS FOR HEALTH & SOCIAL CARE
(2022)
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Lisa Strother, Gareth B. Miles, Alison R. Holiday, Ying Cheng, Gayle H. Doherty
Summary: Studying human ageing is crucial due to the global ageing population, but challenges exist in producing an ageing phenotype efficiently. The SH-SY5Y cell line provides a novel and cost-effective method to model neuronal ageing in vitro. This technique allows for the accumulation of ageing markers over time, making it a valuable tool for cellular and biochemical investigations.
JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE METHODS
(2021)
Correction
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Matthew J. Broadhead, Calum Bonthron, Lauren Arcinas, Sumi Bez, Fei Zhu, Frances Goff, Jonathan Nylk, Kishan Dholakia, Frank Gunn-Moore, Seth G. N. Grant, Gareth B. Miles
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Doris Chen, Wanjia Yu, Laura Aitken, Frank Gunn-Moore
Summary: FRMD6, also known as Willin, is an upstream regulator of Hippo signaling that modulates actin cytoskeleton dynamics and plays important roles in the nervous system, including neuronal differentiation, myelination, nerve injury repair, and vesicle exocytosis. Recent studies suggest a potential role for Willin/FRMD6 in Alzheimer's disease through its actions in cellular perturbations related to the pathogenesis of AD.
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Pireh Pirzada, David Morrison, Gayle Doherty, Devesh Dhasmana, David Harris-Birtill
Summary: Current methods of measuring heart rate and oxygen levels require physical contact, but this novel study proposes a system that utilizes commercial camera technology to measure these parameters without physical contact. The system measures frequencies from different wavelength regions and produces accurate results.
Article
Cell Biology
Doris Chen, Wanjia Yu, Laura Aitken, Frank Gunn-Moore
Summary: This study identifies Willin/FRMD6 as a potential risk gene for Alzheimer's disease (AD), and demonstrates the direct effects of A beta on its expression. The study also reveals mitochondrial oxidative stress as a novel mechanism underlying the role of Willin/FRMD6 in AD pathogenesis. Additionally, the study shows that knockdown of Willin/FRMD6 leads to mitochondrial dysfunction and upregulation of ERK1/2 signaling, which are key early features of AD. Increasing Willin/FRMD6 expression may serve as a therapeutic strategy for protecting against A beta-induced mitochondrial and neuronal dysfunction.
Article
Neurosciences
Vanya Metodieva, Terry Smith, Frank Gunn-Moore
Summary: This study provides evidence that the mitochondrial metabolic switch, 17 beta HSD10, is expressed and active in murine astrocytes. It is upregulated in astrocytes exposed to amyloidogenic and ischemic stress and inhibits mitochondrial respiration during increased energy demand. The catalytic upregulation of 17 beta HSD10 exacerbates astrocytic damage and reactive oxygen species generation.
Article
Neurosciences
Marissa C. Vacher, Claire S. Durrant, Jamie Rose, Ailsa J. Hall, Tara L. Spires-Jones, Frank Gunn-Moore, Mark P. Dagleish
Summary: Toothed whales, such as odontocetes, develop neuropathology similar to Alzheimer's disease, including amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau accumulation, suggesting that they may be affected by AD-like neurodegeneration.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Gayle Doherty, Alison Holiday, Yasaman Malekizadeh, Cosmin Manolescu, Stephen Duncan, Iona Flewitt, Kirsty Hamilton, Beth MacLeod, James A. Ainge, Jenni Harvey
Summary: Key pathological features of Alzheimer's disease (AD) include the accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and metabolic dysfunction. Impairments in the leptin system have been detected in AD patients, sparking interest in targeting this system for AD treatment. This study examines the cognitive enhancing and neuroprotective actions of six-amino acid peptides derived from leptin(116-130) in promoting synaptic plasticity and improving memory tasks. The hexamers replicate the effects of leptin in promoting AMPA receptor trafficking and preventing toxic effects of Aβ on hippocampal synapses and neuronal viability. These findings further support leptin and leptin-derived peptides as potential therapeutics for AD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ondrej Benek, Michaela Vaskova, Marketa Miskerikova, Monika Schmidt, Rudolf Andrys, Aneta Rotterova, Adam Skarka, Jana Hatlapatkova, Jana Zdarova Karasova, Matej Medvecky, Lukas Hroch, Lucie Vinklarova, Zdenek Fisar, Jana Hroudova, Jiri Handl, Jan Capek, Tomas Rousar, Tereza Kobrlova, Rafael Dolezal, Ondrej Soukup, Laura Aitken, Frank Gunn-Moore, Kamil Musilek
Summary: In this study, new benzothiazolylurea-based inhibitors were developed for 17 beta-HSD10, a potential drug target for Alzheimer's disease and hormone-dependent cancer. The most potent compounds within this class were identified, showing submicromolar inhibitory activity and cell penetrability. These compounds also showed no off-target effects, cytotoxicity, or neurotoxicity. Compound 9, one of the most potent inhibitors, was found to be bioavailable and able to penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2023)
Review
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Rona R. Ramsay, Alen Albreht
Summary: The article provides a brief summary of current research on the effects of drugs on monoamine oxidase activity and highlights intriguing questions that remain unanswered, offering insight for further research in chemical enzymology and drug design.
CHEMISTRY-SWITZERLAND
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pei-Yang Gao, Ya-Nan Ou, Yi-Ming Huang, Zhi-Bo Wang, Yan Fu, Ya-Hui Ma, Qiong-Yao Li, Li-Yun Ma, Rui-Ping Cui, Yin-Chu Mi, Lan Tan, Jin-Tai Yu
Summary: Liver function may play a role in the progression of Alzheimer's disease. The study found that as AD progressed, certain liver function markers increased while others decreased. The relationship between liver function and CSF AD biomarkers indicates a potential mediation effect on cognition.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2024)