Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sijeong Bae, Young-Ah Moon
Summary: This study suggests that the deletion of Elovl5 leads to hepatic steatosis and dyslipidemia, which are the major factors in severe atherosclerosis.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2024)
Article
Neurosciences
Eriola Hoxha, Ilaria Balbo, Roberta Parolisi, Matteo Audano, Francesca Montarolo, Francesco Ravera, Michela Guglielmotto, Luisa Muratori, Stefania Raimondo, Eleonora DiGregorio, Annalisa Buffo, Alfredo Brusco, Barbara Borroni, Nico Mitro, Donatella Caruso, Filippo Tempia
Summary: The lack of Elovl5 may cause alterations in myelin structure and affect action potential conduction; Elovl5 plays an essential role in maintaining the structure of myelin, which is crucial for the proper functioning of myelinated nerves.
Article
Fisheries
Yoshiyuki Matsushita, Naoki Kabeya, Wataru Kawamura, Yutaka Haga, Shuichi Satoh, Goro Yoshizaki
Summary: This study focused on evaluating the capacity of Pacific saury to produce long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) internally. The results showed that Pacific saury has enzymatic functions, particularly in its brain, for DHA biosynthesis. This finding provides new insights into the potential of Pacific saury as a source of vital fatty acids for human consumption.
Article
Neurosciences
Jan Korbecki, Donata Siminska, Dariusz Jezewski, Klaudyna Kojder, Patrycja Tomasiak, Maciej Tarnowski, Dariusz Chlubek, Irena Baranowska-Bosiacka
Summary: This study examines the expression of elongases in GBM tumor samples and finds that the synthesis of fatty acids in GBM tumors may be higher in men than in women.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenpeng Wu, Tianying Ren, Xiaojuan Cao, Jian Gao
Summary: Transcriptome analysis of zebrafish with elovl5 knockout revealed 1579 genes with differential expression. The PPAR signaling pathway and genes cyp46a1 and cyp2r1 were found to be involved in PUFA synthesis and deposition. Feeding experiments confirmed the potential of these differentially expressed genes in improving PUFA levels.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY D-GENOMICS & PROTEOMICS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Naoki Kabeya, Kazunori Kimura, Yoshiyuki Matsushita, Satoshi Suzuki, Yasuhiro Nagakura, Ryuhei Kinami, Hiroyuki Noda, Koji Takagi, Kazutoshi Okamoto, Misako Miwa, Yutaka Haga, Shuichi Satoh, Goro Yoshizaki
Summary: This study investigated the requirements of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) in the commercially important alfonsino fish, Beryx splendens. The results showed that B. splendens obtains substantial amounts of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) from its natural diet. The study also confirmed the enzymatic capabilities of fatty acid desaturase (Fads2) and elongases (Elovl5, Elovl4a, and Elovl4b) in LC-PUFA biosynthesis in B. splendens.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Ka-Kei Sam, P. Merosha, M. Janaranjani, Izyan Athirah, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
Summary: The Malaysian mahseer has the complete machinery for the biosynthesis of LC-PUFA from C18 PUFA, allowing it to utilize dietary vegetable oils for growth and deposition of n-3 LC-PUFA.
Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Matteo Bernardello, Radoslaw J. Gora, Patrick Van Hage, Gustavo Castro-olvera, Emilio J. Gualda, Marcel J. M. Schaaf, Pablo Loza-alvarez
Summary: This study introduces a light-sheet fluorescence microscopy setup for imaging individual proteins inside living zebrafish embryos, allowing for the analysis of protein dynamics. The optical configuration of this design is accessible to many laboratories, and a dedicated sample-mounting system ensures sample viability and flexibility in mounting.
BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo Valenzuela, Adam H. Metherel, Giulia Cisbani, Mackenzie E. Smith, Raphael Chouinard-Watkins, Brinley J. Klievik, Luis A. Videla, Richard P. Bazinet
Summary: This study assessed the activities and protein concentration levels of enzymes involved in the n-3 and n-6 PUFA synthesis pathways in various organs. It found that the liver had the highest capacity for PUFA biosynthesis, while the heart and lung showed no activity.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Wenying Zhang, Changhui Zhang, Jun Luo, Huifen Xu, Jianxin Liu, Juan J. Loor, Hengbo Shi
Summary: This study provides evidence of a physiological link between LXRB and SREBP1 in ruminant mammary cells, demonstrating their important role in the synthesis of PUFA by regulating genes encoding elongases and desaturases. Targeting this network may have broad effects on lipid homeostasis in the ruminant mammary gland.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Ilaria Balbo, Francesca Montarolo, Federica Genovese, Filippo Tempia, Eriola Hoxha
Summary: In a mouse model of spinocerebellar ataxia 38 (SCA38), feeding a diet containing PUFAs downstream Elovl5 from birth significantly improved motor performance, but had limited impact on cerebellar structure. Therefore, dietary intervention for SCA38 should ideally start from birth or as early as possible.
BEHAVIORAL AND BRAIN FUNCTIONS
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Satoshi Nitta, Shuya Kandori, Ken Tanaka, Shotaro Sakka, Masanobu Siga, Yoshiyuki Nagumo, Hiromitsu Negoro, Takahiro Kojima, Bryan J. Mathis, Toru Shimazui, Takafumi Miyamoto, Takashi Matsuzaka, Hitoshi Shimano, Hiroyuki Nishiyama
Summary: ELOVL5 is involved in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) progression by promoting cellular proliferation and invasion through AKT-mTOR-STAT3 signaling pathway. Knockout of ELOVL5 inhibits lipid droplet formation, induces apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress, and suppresses RCC cell proliferation, invasion, and tumor growth.
Article
Biology
Yan Zhang, Zi-Ming Xu, Qi Wang, Qing-Song Li, Xiao-Qing Sun, Jiong-Tang Li
Summary: Fish is an important source of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) in the human diet. Research has focused on increasing the PUFA content in fish and improving the biosynthesis of PUFAs for nutrition supplements. Selective breeding using genetic markers is essential for increasing PUFA content, and the genes fads2 and elovl5 have been proven to play key roles in PUFA synthesis in bony fishes. This study identified genetic variants in the promoter regions of these genes and demonstrated the joint effects of coding SNPs and promoter SNPs on PUFA content. The study also found a positive correlation between gene expression levels and PUFA content.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Enza Ferrero, Eleonora Di Gregorio, Marta Ferrero, Erika Ortolan, Young-Ah Moon, Antonella Di Campli, Lisa Pavinato, Cecilia Mancini, Debasmita Tripathy, Marta Manes, Eriola Hoxha, Chiara Costanzi, Elisa Pozzi, Matteo Rossi Sebastiano, Nico Mitro, Filippo Tempia, Donatella Caruso, Barbara Borroni, Manuela Basso, Michele Sallese, Alfredo Brusco
Summary: Fatty acid elongase ELOVL5 is involved in the pathogenesis of Spinocerebellar Ataxia subtype 38 (SCA38), a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by ataxia. The missense variant p.Gly230Val in ELOVL5 causes aberrant accumulation of protein in the Golgi complex and triggers ER/Golgi stress. Bioinformatic analyses and functional studies reveal that this variant alters the conformation of ELOVL5 and leads to a combined loss of function and gain of toxic function, contributing to SCA38 pathogenesis.
Article
Immunology
Johanna von Gerichten, Annette L. West, Nicola A. Irvine, Elizabeth A. Miles, Philip C. Calder, Karen A. Lillycrop, Barbara A. Fielding, Graham C. Burdge
Summary: Longer-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCPUFAs) are essential for leukocyte function and can be obtained from the diet or converted from essential fatty acids (EFAs). Our study found that different EFA substrate ratios can affect LCPUFA biosynthesis in human T lymphocytes, with implications for T-cell EFA metabolism and dietary fat effects on T lymphocyte function.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Nur Adelina Ahmad Noruddin, Mohamad Faiz Hamzah, Zulfadli Rosman, Nurul Hanim Salin, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad
Summary: The study demonstrates that THCB in bitter melon acts as a PPARγ ligand, inducing glucose uptake activity and hypoglycaemic effects by promoting Glut4 translocation in muscle cells.
Article
Fisheries
Li-Yen Lee, Nurfasya Afina Normaiyudin, Swe-Cheng Wong, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Sharifah Rahmah, Annette Jaya-Ram
Summary: Mantis shrimps can consume various types of feed in captivity, with a preference for fish and clams when given a choice. However, they do not show a clear preference towards any single type of natural feed in a laboratory setting.
AQUACULTURE REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Xiaodong Jiang, Kewu Pan, Yuhong Yang, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Xugan Wu
Summary: The study found that dietary docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly increased the gonadosomatic index in female Chinese mitten crabs during reproductive development, while supplementation with 0.33% DHA oil significantly improved antioxidant capacity, immunity, and health status. Additionally, supplementation with 100 mg/kg of astaxanthin significantly increased redness and astaxanthin concentration in the ovaries and hepatopancreas.
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ka-Kei Sam, Nyok-Sean Lau, Meng-Kiat Kuah, Engkamat Anak Lading, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
Summary: This study identified a complete set of long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid (LC-PUFA) biosynthesis enzymes in the miniature fish Paedocypris micromegethes, which is important for its survival in highly acidic water conditions.
FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Entomology
Xin-Yeng Leong, Chow-Yang Lee, G. Veera Singham, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Richard Naylor, Alexia Naylor, Dini M. Miller, Morgan M. Wilson, David G. Lilly, Stephen L. Doggett
Summary: Modern bed bugs exhibit resistance to multiple insecticide classes, including pyrethroids. The efficacy of pyrethroid-impregnated mattress liners for bed bug management is inconsistent. This study demonstrates that pyrethroid-impregnated mattress liners are unlikely to effectively manage modern bed bug infestations.
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Nyok-Sean Lau, Seng Yeat Ting, Ka-Kei Sam, M. Janaranjani, Swe Cheng Wong, Xugan Wu, Khor Waiho, Hanafiah Fazhan, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
Summary: The gut microbiota of mud crab Scylla olivacea was found to be related to the intestinal bacterial structure and lipid metabolism. When fed with a LC-PUFA rich diet, the gut microbiota of the crabs contained a higher proportion of Vibrio and Shewanella, known groups with PUFA biosynthesis capacity. In contrast, when fed with a LC-PUFA-poor but C18-PUFA substrate-rich diet, the presence of Vibrio and Shewanella, as well as the function of unsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis, was impeded while there was an increase in the function of short-chain fatty acid production.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
O. Monroig, A. C. Shu-Chien, N. Kabeya, D. R. Tocher, L. F. C. Castro
Summary: Traditional belief holds that marine microbes are the primary producers of omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) in marine ecosystems. However, recent studies have challenged this belief by discovering that many aquatic animals also have the enzyme machinery necessary for de novo biosynthesis of PUFA and LC-PUFA. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genes and proteins involved in LC-PUFA biosynthesis in aquatic animals, particularly invertebrates and fish. It concludes that invertebrates and fish have different, yet active, LC-PUFA biosynthetic gene networks that result from complex evolutionary processes and functional diversification.
PROGRESS IN LIPID RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Fisheries
Khor Waiho, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Nor Afiqah-Aleng, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Youji Wang, Hongyu Ma, Hanafiah Fazhan
Summary: The advancement of next-generation sequencing technologies has facilitated the use of transcriptomics in non-model organisms, including in the aquaculture sector. This systematic review summarizes the progress in transcriptomics in cultured portunid crabs and highlights the importance of Scylla paramamosain and Portunus trituberculatus in aquaculture. The study discusses the potential applications of differentially expressed genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms obtained from transcriptome data in genetic improvement-related downstream research.
REVIEWS IN AQUACULTURE
(2022)
Correction
Ecology
Nyok-Sean Lau, Seng Yeat Ting, Ka-Kei Sam, M. Janaranjani, Swe Cheng Wong, Xugan Wu, Khor Waiho, Hanafiah Fazhan, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seng Yeat Ting, Nyok-Sean Lau, Ka-Kei Sam, M. Janaranjani, Swe Cheng Wong, Oscar Monroig, Evan S. H. Quah, Amirrudin B. Ahmad, Nik Ahmad Irwan Izzauddin Nik Him, Annette Jaya-Ram, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien
Summary: Two elovl genes from the purple land crab, Gecarcoidea lalandii, were cloned and functionally characterised, playing different roles in fatty acid elongation pathways. The hepatopancreas and gill were identified as key metabolic sites for fatty acid elongation in G. lalandii, providing important clues for its LC-PUFA biosynthesis.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY B-BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hanafiah Fazhan, Khor Waiho, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Youji Wang, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Muyassar H. Abualreesh, Nor Azman Kasan, Qingyang Wu, Sabri Muda, Chin Siang Sor, Mohamad Jalilah
Summary: Mud crabs (genus Scylla) are receiving attention as potential aquaculture species due to their high market price and demand. This study investigated the association between different sand substrates and the reproductive output of female Scylla species during broodstock conditioning. The results suggest that fine sand should be incorporated into Scylla broodstock rearing to maximize female reproductive output, as it has a positive effect on egg extrusion and influences the weight of egg clutch, total egg number, fecundity, and clutch size.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hanafiah Fazhan, Mohamad N. Azra, Siti Aisah Halim, Muhamad Naimullah, Muyassar H. Abualreesh, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Youji Wang, Yushinta Fujaya, Mohammad Syahnon, Hongyu Ma, Khor Waiho, Mhd Ikhwanuddin
Summary: The aim of this study was to determine the movement patterns of mud crabs within the mangrove area. The study found that the tagged crabs did not move far from the release station and there were more male crabs than females.
FRONTIERS IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Asmat-Ullah, Rusydi Rozaimi, Hanafiah Fazhan, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Youji Wang, Khor Waiho
Summary: Eyestalk ablation is an effective method to enhance ovarian maturation in commercially important mud crabs. This study describes two techniques for eyestalk ablation: cauterization and surgery. The eyestalk ablation protocol presented here accelerated the ovarian maturation of the mud crabs.
JOVE-JOURNAL OF VISUALIZED EXPERIMENTS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Rusydi Rozaimi, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Youji Wang, Sutikno Sutikno, Mhd Ikhwanuddin, Xi Shi, Ghazali Azmie, Hanafiah Fazhan, Khor Waiho
Summary: Asymmetric body traits, such as heterochely and handedness, play important roles in brachyuran crabs' behavioral responses. This study focuses on Scylla olivacea, a type of mud crab, and investigates the relation between cheliped characteristics and heterochely and handedness in relation to sex. The study finds that Scylla olivacea is heterochelous, with a predominant right-handedness. Furthermore, the study observes that sex does not influence heterochely or handedness occurrence, but the frequency of left-handedness increases with size, particularly in males. The study suggests that the higher risk of losing a dominant cheliped in males during mate and territorial defense may explain the higher left-handedness frequency. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of heterochely and handedness in mud crabs and could have implications for future management and development of less aggressive crab populations.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zhi Li, Guangbao Zhang, Kewu Pan, Xingjian Niu, Alexander Chong Shu-Chien, Ting Chen, Xin Zhang, Xugan Wu
Summary: This study investigates changes in lipid metabolism and gene expression patterns during the molting cycle of the Chinese mitten crab Eriocheir sinensis. Total lipids and triacylglycerides in the hepatopancreas increase from postmolt to premolt, and then decrease from premolt to ecdysis, consistent with changes in neutral lipid-rich adipocytes. Transcriptomic analysis reveals that genes related to energy metabolism, carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and biosynthesis are enriched, particularly genes involved in fatty acid and triacylglyceride synthesis and ketone body production.
COMPARATIVE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY A-MOLECULAR & INTEGRATIVE PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)