Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Daping Xie, Yiming Niu, Ruoyu Mu, Senio Campos de Souza, Xiaoyu Yin, Lei Dong, Chunming Wang
Summary: The global pandemic of COVID-19 highlights the importance of vaccination. We have developed a self-adjuvant carrier based on acetyl glucomannan that activates the immune system and improves the efficacy of vaccines. In vitro and in vivo experiments have shown that this carrier enhances cellular uptake, promotes dendritic cell maturation, and boosts both humoral and cellular immune responses.
FRONTIERS IN CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Liming Xu, Xuegang Niu, Yifan Liu, Lining Liu
Summary: This study investigates the role of ST3GAL3 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and its potential mechanism of action. The findings suggest that ST3GAL3 may be involved in RA pathogenesis by activating the TLR9/MyD88 pathway.
MEDIATORS OF INFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guangming Chen, Nan Jiang, Junping Zheng, Haiming Hu, Huabing Yang, Aizhen Lin, Baifei Hu, Hongtao Liu
Summary: In this study, two homogeneous polysaccharides (APS-A1 and APS-B1) were isolated from Astragalus membranaceus and their chemical structures were characterized. APS-A1 had a 1,4-alpha-D-Glcp backbone with a 1,4,6-alpha-D-Glcp branch every ten residues, while APS-B1 was a heteropolysaccharide composed of glucose, galactose, and arabinose. Bioactivity assays showed that both APS-A1 and APS-B1 exhibited potential anti-inflammatory activity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jie Zhang, Lei Cao, Amy Gao, Ruiqing Ren, Liwen Yu, Qian Li, Yapeng Liu, Wenqian Qi, Yonghao Hou, Wenhai Sui, Guohai Su, Yun Zhang, Cheng Zhang, Meng Zhang
Summary: Innate immunity is the first defense line against pathogenic microorganisms, and Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated inflammatory responses play a crucial role. However, the regulatory mechanisms of TLRs in innate immunity are not well understood. This study showed that the E3 ligase Ring finger protein 99 (RNF99) plays a role in regulating TLR-mediated inflammatory responses and its deficiency enhances inflammatory cytokine expression in macrophages. Mechanistically, RNF99 interacts with and degrades the regulatory protein TAB2, thus regulating TLR-mediated inflammatory signaling. These findings provide new insights into TLR signal transduction and offer potential approaches for preventing bacterial infections and inflammatory diseases.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Pedro Paulo Carneiro, Andreza S. Dorea, Walker N. Oliveira, Luiz Henrique Guimaraes, Claudia Brodskyn, Edgar M. Carvalho, Olivia Bacellar
Summary: Research has shown that the use of TLR2 and TLR4 antagonists can reduce the number of infected cells and internalized parasites in monocytes of CL patients, as well as decrease oxidative burst, IL-1 beta, TNF, and CXCL9 production. Additionally, TNF production in cells from CL lesions also decreased after neutralization of TLR2 and TLR4.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Zahra Kargarpour, Jila Nasirzade, Layla Panahipour, Richard J. Miron, Reinhard Gruber
Summary: The study indicates that liquid platelet-rich fibrin has potential anti-inflammatory effects and an inhibitory role in osteoclastogenesis, with lysates from platelet-poor plasma and buffy coat showing significant reduction in the expression of inflammatory markers in macrophages.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mirta Garcia-Martinez, Leonardo M. Cortez, Alicia Otero, Marina Betancor, Beatriz Serrano-Perez, Rosa Bolea, Juan J. Badiola, Maria Carmen Garza
Summary: Prion diseases are associated with neuroinflammatory response, and TLRs gene expression changes in scrapie-infected sheep are correlated with pathological hallmarks of the disease.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Linqing Yue, Xiaoxiao Song, Xian Cui, Qi Zhang, Xiaojie Tian, Xiuhua Yang, Qiuhao Wu, Yuhuan Liu, Roger Ruan, Yunpu Wang
Summary: Selenylation Astragalus polysaccharides (Se-APS) were successfully prepared using an optimized microwave-assisted method. The Se-APS exhibited high selenium content and showed improved antioxidant capacities compared to Na2SeO3. The release of selenium from Se-APS was higher in intestinal fluid than in gastric fluid.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lei Zhang, Guangshuai Liu, Tian Xia, Xiufeng Yang, Guolei Sun, Chao Zhao, Chunzhu Xu, Honghai Zhang
Summary: The study analyzed TLR genes from the genomes and transcriptomes of 102 amphibian species to understand their evolutionary patterns. Results showed that TLR genes can be divided into seven subfamilies, with TLR4 subfamily found only in Anura. Purification selection played a leading role in amphibian TLR evolution, and different domains had different evolution rates. Positive selection patterns and single-nucleotide polymorphisms were observed in TLR genes.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Review
Virology
Caroline Fernandes-Santos, Elzinandes Leal de Azeredo
Summary: Dengue is a mosquito-borne viral disease caused by the dengue virus, with a wide range of clinical manifestations. In the innate antiviral response, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in pathogen recognition and the production of inflammatory cytokines and interferons essential for preventing viral replication.
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Daniel Diehl, Anton Friedmann, Hagen S. Bachmann
Summary: This study identified distinct expression patterns of prenyltransferase (PTase) genes in pro-inflammatory signaling. Furthermore, PTase inhibiting drugs significantly ameliorated the expression of inflammatory mediators, indicating that prenylation is a major pre-requisite for innate immunity in periodontal cells.
JOURNAL OF PERIODONTOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Fei Shi, Zhijie Lu, Minxuan Yang, Feng Li, Fanbin Zhan, Lijuan Zhao, Yanan Li, Qingqing Li, Jiangtao Li, Jun Li, Li Lin, Zhendong Qin
Summary: The study showed that APS can modulate the intestinal microbiota and activate the immune response to protect grass carp from bacterial infection.
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Ming-Hsiu Yang, Jamie L. Russell, Yuto Mifune, Ying Wang, Hexin Shi, Eva Marie Y. Moresco, Daniel J. Siegwart, Bruce Beutler, Dale L. Boger
Summary: Diprovocims are a new class of TLR agonists that act through the TLR1/TLR2 mechanism, exhibit structure-activity relationships, and have in vivo adjuvant activity. They have potent agonist activity towards human TLR1/TLR2 and can be functionalized without impacting this activity. Improvement in potency and efficacy in the murine system has also been achieved.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Ryma Haroun, Sahar Naasri, Ayman J. Oweida
Summary: TLRs are essential for immune responses and can mediate inflammation by recognizing molecular patterns in pathogens and damaged cells. TLR ligands have gained attention in cancer research, especially in combination with cancer treatments like immunotherapy, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy (RT). However, the role of TLRs in cancer, particularly in response to radiation, is still poorly understood. This review examines how TLR signaling affects tumor response to RT and proposes a framework for TLR-based therapies with RT.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jian Zhao, Baoshan Cai, Zhugui Shao, Lei Zhang, Yi Zheng, Chunhong Ma, Fan Yi, Bingyu Liu, Chengjiang Gao
Summary: The study reveals that TRIM26 positively regulates TAK1 activation by ubiquitinating its binding partner TAB1. Trim26 deficiency reduces the induction of inflammatory cytokines, protecting mice from septic shock and attenuating the severity of colitis.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)