Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Shaun Ang, Debjani Ghosh, Victoria Haritos, Warren Batchelor
Summary: The study found that recycled CNF sheets have a higher proportion of fiber aggregates, which is attributed to the formation of strong hydrogen bonds. Recycled CNF sheets retained about 80% of the original sheet strength and significantly reduced drainage times, making the recycled product superior to the original product.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Roberto Aguado, Quim Tarres, Maria Angels Pelach, Pere Mutje, Elena de la Fuente, Jose L. Sanchez-Salvador, Carlos Negro, Marc Delgado-Aguilar
Summary: This study evaluates a technically feasible approach for the production of micro- and nanofibrillated cellulose (MNFC) from jute, sisal, and hemp. Mechanical MNFC exhibited the highest aspect ratio and increasing homogenization cycles resulted in increased viscosity. Shear-thinning behavior was evident for MNFC from jute and sisal.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Hongyu Xu, Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador, Angeles Blanco, Ana Balea, Carlos Negro
Summary: The potential of TEMPO-mediated oxidation to produce CNFs is hindered by the use of expensive and environmentally harmful catalysts. This research identifies key parameters for reusing the TMO medium and their impact on CNF quality. Contrary to previous hypothesis, concentration of salts is not a key parameter; instead, high pulp consistency during oxidation leads to better CNF quality. Reusing the reaction medium up to six times significantly reduces catalyst dose, reaction time, and effluent, resulting in a threefold increase in CNF production.
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
(2023)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
Yan Huang, Fang Wang, Liying Qian, Xiuhua Cao, Beihai He, Junrong Li
Summary: This study reports a cellulose-based electroactive actuator with fast response and high electrical actuation performance. A nanocellulose film with layered structure and gold electrodes were prepared by TEMPO oxidation and ion sputtering techniques. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed actuator exhibits high displacement and deflection capabilities, and also performs well at low voltage.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
Supachok Tanpichai, Ekachai Wimolmala
Summary: The study showed that water hyacinth treated with TEMPO oxidation process can successfully extract cellulose nanofibers, which exhibit improved crystallinity and reduced thermal properties. TEMPO-oxidized CNFs can be used in EVA nanocomposites to significantly enhance tensile modulus, maintain light transmittance and thermal properties, and can replace wood-derived CNFs for specific applications.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador, Ana Balea, Carlos Negro, Maria Concepcion Monte, Angeles Blanco
Summary: This study proposes a method based on gel point to calculate the dispersion degree and aspect ratio of cellulose micro and nanofibrils in water suspensions. The results show that higher stirring speeds decrease the dispersion capability and cause network collapse, while intermediate stirring speeds result in better dispersion behavior and network structure. Higher dispersion of cellulose before adding to the pulp leads to higher mechanical properties.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Regan Ceaser, Annie F. A. Chimphango
Summary: Two methods, HCl and enzymatic treatments, were evaluated for diversifying the morphological and functional properties of cellulose nanofibers extracted from two-stage-alkaline pre-treated wheat straw. The HCN and ECN had different properties in terms of diameter, length, crystallinity, and thermal degradation, suitable for different nano-applications. Both methods showed potential synergetic effects on CNF production and properties.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2021)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Hongyu Xu, Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador, Ana Balea, Angeles Blanco, Carlos Negro
Summary: This study optimized TEMPO-mediated oxidation reactions to reduce costs while achieving efficient and sustainable production of CNFs. Through adjusting reaction conditions, the carboxyl groups were increased while reducing catalyst doses, resulting in highly fibrillated CNFs with lower environmental impact.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Huangjingyi Chen, Jie Jiang, Shuai Zhang, Juan Yu, Liang Liu, Yimin Fan
Summary: The study demonstrates that the use of the TLO oxidation system can effectively introduce carboxyl and aldehyde groups to cellulose from different sources. The oxidized cellulose can be processed into TLO-CNFs or TLO-CNCs with excellent mechanical properties and high light transmittance.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Allan de Amorim dos Santos, Maryella Junnia Ferreira E Silva, Mario Vanoli Scatolino, Alisson Farley Soares Duraes, Matheus Cordazzo Dias, Renato Augusto Pereira Damasio, Gustavo Henrique Denzin Tonoli
Summary: This study evaluated the influence of enzymatic pre-treatment on energy consumption during mechanical fibrillation of cellulose pulps. The results showed that enzymatic pre-treatment effectively stabilized CNFs suspension and significantly reduced energy consumption, making it an environmentally friendly option for pulp treatment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Zhi Yang, Qiaoling Chen
Summary: In this study, cellulose was extracted from honey pomelo peel using the compound enzyme method, and cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were prepared from it. The optimized extraction scheme yielded a cellulose extraction yield of 36.57%. The CNFs had small average diameter and negative Zeta potential, as well as high crystallinity and specific surface area.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rui-Wen Ren, Xiao-Quan Chen, Wen-Hao Shen
Summary: This study demonstrates the preparation of pure spherical CNCs through enzymatic hydrolysis and determines the optimal separation conditions. Compared to MCC, spherical CNCs exhibit lower crystallinity and superior performance.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
Mariana Alves Rios, Paula Aboud Barbugli, Monica Rosas Costa Iemma, Rafael Grande, Antonio Jose Felix Carvalho, Eliane Trovatti
Summary: The study presents a newly developed fiber-shaped cell carrier system, which effectively incorporates cells and demonstrates potential in cell viability and osteogenic capabilities. The system shows promise for cell therapy applications as a new assembled hydrogel carrier.
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Ilse Ileana Cardenas Bates, Ingrid Berenice Sanchez Carrillo, Hugo Germain, Eric Loranger, Bruno Chabot
Summary: The antibacterial composite material used in the study showed bactericidal and bacteriostatic effects on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, and can completely remove them from water solutions through filtration. The antibacterial properties of the composite material can be further enhanced by doping with copper ions, and it can still maintain good performance after multiple uses.
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
D. Pawcenis, M. Lesniak, M. Szumera, M. Sitarz, J. Profic-Paczkowska
Summary: Nanocelluloses have attracted much attention due to their mechanical properties, high surface area, and porosity. Sulfuric acid is commonly used for the production of cellulose nanocrystals, but it leads to cellulose esterification and lower thermal stability. Hydrochloric acid hydrolysis does not result in functionalization of the nanocellulose surface, but it lacks ionic interactions and causes poor colloidal stability. This study aimed to obtain stable aqueous suspensions of cellulose nanofibrils (CNF) through hydrochloric acid hydrolysis. The best stabilizing effect was achieved at pH 5-9 and with nonionic surfactants.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
(2022)
Article
Polymer Science
Roberto J. Aguado, Francesc X. Espinach, Fernando Julian, Quim Tarres, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Pere Mutje
Summary: This study demonstrates the significant improvement in compatibility between poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and hemp fibers through pulping and bleaching processes, making it a viable option for bio-sourced, recyclable, and biodegradable composites. The soda-bleached hemp fibers (SBHFs) showed a large bonding surface area and satisfactory interphase quality, even without any dispersants or compatibilizers. The biocomposite exhibited higher tensile strength than a polypropylene/sized glass fiber composite, while adhering to the principles of green chemistry.
Article
Polymer Science
Maria E. Vallejos, Roberto J. Aguado, Ramon Morcillo-Martin, Jose A. Mendez, Fabiola Vilaseca, Quim Tarres, Pere Mutje
Summary: The growing demand for plant fiber-reinforced composites presents opportunities to compete against glass fiber-reinforced composites. This study focuses on the production and flexural strength of composites made from polypropylene and hemp strands, using maleic anhydride-grafted PP as a compatibilizer. The calculations and results suggest that the use of MAPP at a dosage of 0.06 g per gram of fiber achieved the maximum enhancement in flexural strength.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Amira Najahi, Quim Tarres, Pere Mutje, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Jean-Luc Putaux, Sami Boufi
Summary: Lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) were prepared via TEMPO-mediated oxidation and high-pressure homogenization, and the impact of carboxyl content on the properties of LCNF gel was investigated. It was found that increasing carboxyl content led to decreased lignin content, improved colloidal stability and water contact angle, as well as smaller fibril size, but slightly lower thermal stability. In addition, incorporating LCNFs into a ductile polymer matrix significantly enhanced the tensile strength.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sergi Arfelis, Roberto J. Aguado, Didem Civancik, Pere Fullana-i-Palmer, M. angels Pelach, Quim Tarres, Marc Delgado-Aguilar
Summary: This paper presents a life cycle assessment of cellulose micro- and nanofibers (CNFs) produced from bleached hardwood kraft pulp via three different pre-treatments. The main finding is that both mechanical and TEMPO-mediated oxidation routes have lower environmental impacts compared to enzymatic pre-treatment, with the TEMPO-mediated oxidation route being particularly effective in selectively oxidizing primary hydroxyl groups.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Editorial Material
Polymer Science
Francesc X. Espinach, Quim Tarres
Article
Polymer Science
Faust Seculi, Francesc X. X. Espinach, Fernando Julian, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Pere Mutje, Quim Tarres
Summary: The use of bio-based matrices and natural fibers as reinforcement is a strategy to obtain materials with competitive mechanical properties, costs, and environmental impacts. In this study, composites reinforced with abaca fibers and different matrices are prepared and tested. The results show that bio-polyethylene as a matrix can provide slightly higher mechanical properties than polyethylene. It is possible to obtain fully bio-based composites with mechanical properties similar to partially bio-based polyolefin or glass fiber-reinforced polyolefin.
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Carlos Negro
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Amira Najahi, Quim Tarres, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Jean-Luc Putaux, Sami Boufi
Summary: This study successfully prepared lignin-containing cellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs) with a lignin content of up to 21% through hydrothermal treatment and high-pressure homogenization. The presence of lignin added hydrophobicity, UV-shielding capacity, and reduced water sensitivity to the LCNFs. The study also proposed a mechanism explaining how hydrothermal treatment with maleic acid facilitated the disintegration of biomass into nanoscale material. The research showed a feasible and scalable approach for the sustainable production of LCNF suspensions from agricultural residues without the need for preliminary partial delignification.
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Roberto J. Aguado, Andre Mazega, Quim Tarres, Marc Delgado-Aguilar
Summary: This review critically discusses the current and potential applications of anionic and cationic cellulose derivatives, including coagulation-flocculation, thickening and rheology modification, stabilization of colloids or emulsions, adsorption of ions, encapsulation of bioactive compounds, filtration using cellulose-based membranes, and production of antimicrobial materials. The increasing popularity of anionic or cationic nanocellulose is highlighted.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Polymer Science
Roberto J. Aguado, Gabriela A. Bastida, Francisco X. Espinach, Joan Llorens, Quim Tarres, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Pere Mutje
Summary: This study investigated the incorporation of natural hemp fibers into a poly(lactic acid) matrix to create fully bio-sourced composites. The tensile modulus of the composites linearly increased with the volume fraction of the dispersed fibers, reaching a maximum value of 7.6 Gpa. The performance of the soda-bleached fibers as reinforcement was found to be higher than that of glass fibers, despite their lower intrinsic tensile modulus.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ana Balea, M. Concepcion Monte, Elena Fuente, Jose Luis Sanchez-Salvador, Quim Tarres, Pere Mutje, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Carlos Negro
Summary: This paper investigates the influence of various production techniques on the morphological characteristics and properties of nanofibrillated cellulose (CNF) produced from a mixture of recycled fibers. The results show that the pretreatment determines the yield and the potential of high-pressure homogenization (HPH) to enhance fibrillation, thus determining the final CNF properties. This enables effective selection of the most suitable production method to obtain high yield and desired CNF quality for diverse applications.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Genis Bayes, Roberto J. Aguado, Quim Tarres, Jaume Planella, Marc Delgado-Aguilar
Summary: This study uses oxidized cellulose nanofibers and glycerol to stabilize beeswax-in-water emulsions, providing moisture resistance for paper-based food packaging. By controlling the concentration of nanofibers and the presence of glycerol, the stability of the emulsion can be ensured, leading to improved barrier properties of the packaging paper.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Gabriela Adriana Bastida, Quim Tarres, Roberto Aguado, Marc Delgado-Aguilar, Miguel Angel Zanuttini, Maria Veronica Galvan
Summary: This study aims to understand the key factors influencing the rheological behavior and mechanism of natural PECs as flocculation agents for CMFs and CNFs. The results showed that lower xylan mass ratios led to higher intrinsic viscosity, hydrodynamic size, z-potential, and lower critical concentration. Under dynamic conditions, a very low dosage of PEC was sufficient for flocculation, while higher doses were required for CNF suspensions compared to CMF suspensions. Under static conditions, maximum floc sizes were observed at the same PEC dosage where minimum gel points were reached.