Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Galina Gritsina, Jindan Yu
Summary: Chemokines and their cognate receptors play a crucial role in tumor growth and dissemination, and ACKR3, also known as CXCR7, is a promising target for therapeutic intervention. Unlike CXCR4, CXCR7 activates beta-arrestin instead of G proteins upon binding to its ligand CXCL12, leading to rapid internalization and degradation of CXCL12 as a scavenger receptor. Recent evidence suggests that CXCR7 may have essential roles in cancer progression, independent of CXCR4 and its ligands. Constitutively active CXCR7 forms a protein complex with beta-arrestin, which assembles and activates various cytoplasmic kinases necessary for cell survival and tumor growth. This review discusses the current understanding of CXCR7 regulation and function, with a focus on prostate cancer.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Songyeon Ahn, Achinto Saha, Rachel Clark, Mikhail G. Kolonin, John DiGiovanni
Summary: Obesity is associated with increased prostate cancer progression and mortality, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. The study found that CXCR4 and CXCR7 play important roles in cancer progression, and the CXCL12 signaling pathway could be a potential target for intervening in prostate cancer. Additionally, other factors secreted by adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) may contribute to cancer aggressiveness in obesity.
Article
Oncology
Masakazu Goto, Yukiko Shibahara, Cristina Baciu, Frances Allison, Jonathan C. Yeung, Gail E. Darling, Mingyao Liu
Summary: This study found that high expression of CXCR7 is associated with poor prognosis in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma, and the combination of high expression of CXCR7 and CXCL12 has a stronger association with prognosis. Additionally, high expression of both CXCR7 and CXCL12 was identified as an independent prognostic factor for overall and disease-free survival in patients with esophageal adenocarcinoma. Further research with larger sample sizes is warranted to explore the potential of this biomarker.
ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Guoqing Wang, Zongliang Zhang, Kunhong Zhong, Zeng Wang, Nian Yang, Xin Tang, Hexian Li, Qizhong Lu, Zhiguo Wu, Boyang Yuan, Meijun Zheng, Ping Cheng, Aiping Tong, Liangxue Zhou
Summary: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly aggressive primary malignant brain cancer that requires effective treatment. Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy shows potential, but its efficacy is hindered by poor infiltration of CAR-T cells in tumors and an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). This study demonstrates that arming an oncolytic adenovirus (oAds) with CXCL11 increases CAR-T cell infiltration and reprograms the immunosuppressive TME, thus improving therapeutic efficacy.
Article
Oncology
Yihe Yan, Leting Zheng, Qiang Du, Hamza Yazdani, Kun Dong, Yarong Guo, David A. Geller
Summary: IRF-1 regulates anti-tumor immunity in HCC by modulating CXCL10 and CXCR3, inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis. It overcomes proliferation partly through activating the CXCL10/CXCR3 autocrine axis.
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Sung-Tai Wei, Yen-Chih Huang, Jung-Ying Chiang, Chia-Ching Lin, Yu-Jung Lin, Woei-Cherng Shyu, Hui-Chen Chen, Chia-Hung Hsieh
Summary: The study revealed that CXCR7 promotes the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs and MSC-mediated immunomodulation by regulating multiple signaling pathways and anti-inflammatory soluble factors. MSCs with enhanced CXCR7 function significantly improved arthritic symptoms in a collagen-induced arthritis model.
STEM CELL RESEARCH & THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Albert Frank Magnusen, Reena Rani, Mary Ashley McKay, Shelby Loraine Hatton, Tsitsi Carol Nyamajenjere, Daniel Nii Aryee Magnusen, Joerg Koehl, Gregory Alex Grabowski, Manoj Kumar Pandey
Summary: Gaucher disease is a lysosomal storage disease caused by mutations in GBA1/Gba1. Deficiency of lysosomal acid beta-glucosidase enzyme leads to abnormal accumulation of glucosylceramide, resulting in altered function of immune cells and tissue damage. The study reveals the role of CXCR3 receptor and CXCL9 chemokine in increased recruitment of T cells in Gaucher disease, suggesting potential therapeutic targets for inflammation treatment.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Seyedeh Zahra Shahrokhi, Fatemeh Soghra Karami Tehrani, Siamak Salami
Summary: Bilirubin induces apoptosis in breast cancer cells by inducing cell cycle arrest and activating caspase-3 and -9.
MOLECULAR BIOLOGY REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiaoqian Shang, Liang Wang, Yumei Liu, Xuemei Liu, Jie Lv, Xuan Zhou, Hao Wang, Shaxika Nazierhan, Jing Wang, Xiumin Ma
Summary: The study investigated the role of CXCR3 and its ligands in diagnosing spinal tuberculosis (ST), finding that IFN-gamma, CXCR3, and CXCL10 were significantly elevated in ST patients, serving as more reliable diagnostic markers.
EXPERIMENTAL AND THERAPEUTIC MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Eva Caroff, Emmanuel A. Meyer, Paeivi Aanismaa, Sylvie Froidevaux, Marcel Keller, Luca Piali
Summary: This study investigates the clinical potential of CXCR3 chemokine receptor in autoimmune diseases. By exploring the benzimidazolo-thiazole core scaffold, the potency of the antagonist is optimized and adverse reactions are mitigated. The CXCR3 antagonist ACT-672125 is shown to dose-dependently inhibit the recruitment of CXCR3 expressing T cells in inflamed lungs.
JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Alan Wells
Summary: Development of fibrosis leads to end stage diseases that defy treatments across all organs. This ensues as chronic inflammation is not dampened by physiologic processes that issue in the resolution phase of wound healing. Thus, these conditions can be considered diseases of failure to heal.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY & CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Dylan Scott Eiger, Noelia Boldizsar, Christopher Cole Honeycutt, Julia Gardner, Stephen Kirchner, Chloe Hicks, Issac Choi, Uyen Pham, Kevin Zheng, Anmol Warman, Jeffrey Smith, Jennifer Zhang, Sudarshan Rajagopal
Summary: Some GPCR ligands can selectively activate specific signaling transducers, and this biased signaling is influenced by differential subcellular signaling of the GPCR CXC chemokine receptor 3 (CXCR3). The trafficking of CXCR3 from the plasma membrane to endosomes results in ligand-specific changes in signaling profile. Endosomal signaling is critical for biased activation of G proteins, beta-arrestins, and extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK).
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bei Song, Dongrui Chen, Zixiong Liu, Yuwen Cheng, Zebei Zhang, Weiqing Han, Ruiyan Zhang, Yanchun Gong
Summary: Recent studies have highlighted the role of vascular adventitia inflammation and immune response in hypertension. This study found that SDF-1 exerted opposing effects through CXCR4 and CXCR7 in AngII-induced vascular adventitial remodeling.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Masato Ishizuka, Mutsuo Harada, Seitaro Nomura, Toshiyuki Ko, Yuichi Ikeda, Jiaxi Guo, Satoshi Bujo, Haruka Yanagisawa-Murakami, Masahiro Satoh, Shintaro Yamada, Hidetoshi Kumagai, Yoshihiro Motozawa, Hironori Hara, Takayuki Fujiwara, Tatsuyuki Sato, Norifumi Takeda, Norihiko Takeda, Kinya Otsu, Hiroyuki Morita, Haruhiro Toko, Issei Komuro
Summary: Cxcr7, abundantly expressed in cardiomyocytes, may act as a beta-arrestin-biased receptor to contribute to heart protection. Fibroblast-specific Cxcr7 knockout did not significantly impact cardiac phenotypes post-myocardial infarction, suggesting a potential therapeutic target for myocardial infarction.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ya-Hsin Liu, Chia-Hsuan Chuang, Yi-Zong Lee, Eh-Tzen Lee, Chiao-Ling Lo, Chu-Ya Wu, Li-Kun Huang, Andreas Bikfalvi, Shih-Che Sue
Summary: Chemokine CXCL4L1, a more potent antiangiogenic ligand, exhibits binding specificity to CXCR3A and CXCR3B receptors. The molten globule property of CXCL4L1 causes its tetramer to dissociate into monomers, while native CXCL4 forms a stable tetramer structure. The binding affinity of CXCL4L1 is influenced by the combination of CXCR3A N-terminus and receptor extracellular loop 2, as well as sulfation on the tyrosine residues. In contrast, the CXCR3B N-terminal extension does not significantly enhance the binding of CXCL4 or CXCL4L1.
Article
Oncology
Ian T. Saunders, Hina Mir, Neeraj Kapur, Shailesh Singh
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2019)
Article
Oncology
Hina Mir, Jyotika Rajawat, Iqbal Vohra, Jayvadan Vaishnav, Ashlesha Kadam, Rasheedunnisa Begum
EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH
(2020)
Article
Oncology
Hina Mir, Neeraj Kapur, Dominique N. Gales, Praveen K. Sharma, Gabriela Oprea-Ilies, Anita T. Johnson, Rajesh Singh, Shailesh Singh
Summary: Breast cancer (BrCa) is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in American women, and its incidence is increasing. This study highlights the importance of the chemokine axis CXCR6/CXCL16 in promoting BrCa and suggests it as a potential therapeutic target for advanced-stage BrCa.
Review
Oncology
Jonathan Thomas, Guru Sonpavde
Summary: In recent years, immune checkpoint inhibitors have been added to the care of advanced bladder cancer, but further improvement is still needed. Advanced molecular techniques have provided more clarity regarding key genetic alterations of the disease, and targeted therapies directed at these genetic aberrations offer both proven and potential paths forward.
Article
Oncology
Suryadipto Sarkar, Kong Min, Waleed Ikram, Ryan W. Tatton, Irbaz B. Riaz, Alvin C. Silva, Alan H. Bryce, Cassandra Moore, Thai H. Ho, Guru Sonpavde, Haidar M. Abdul-Muhsin, Parminder Singh, Teresa Wu
Summary: Accurate bladder cancer staging is crucial for determining appropriate treatment and improving patient outcome. This study presents a hybrid machine/deep learning model that improves the accuracy of bladder cancer staging using CT scans, facilitating clinical management and improving patient outcome.
Review
Oncology
Carvy Floyd Luceno, Won Jin Jeon, Ravand Samaeekia, John Shin, Guru P. Sonpavde
Summary: The treatment of urothelial carcinoma is challenging due to its molecular heterogeneity and variable response to therapies. Precision medicine offers personalized treatment by using tools such as liquid biopsies and biomarkers, and improves treatment efficacy by identifying and targeting specific factors. This review discusses available tools, ongoing clinical trials, and areas for future study in the context of precision medicine.
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Jeronay King Thomas, Neeraj Kapur, Hina Mir, Dominique N. Gales, James W. Lillard, Shailesh Singh
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Ian T. Saunders, Dexter Ezeagwu, Naresh Kumar, Hina Mir, Shailesh Singh
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Hina Mir, Jeronay K. Thomas, Neeraj Kapur, Anita T. Johnson, Shailesh Singh
CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION
(2020)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Ian T. Saunders, Neeraj Kapur, Hina Mir, Shailesh Singh
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Jeronay K. Thomas, Hina Mir, Neeraj Kapur, Shailesh Singh
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Neeraj Kapur, Hina Mir, Shailesh Singh
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
Hina Mir, Neeraj Kapur, Shailesh Singh
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jeronay K. Thomas, Hina Mir, Neeraj Kapur, Sejong Bae, Shailesh Singh
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Hina Mir, Gurpreet Kaur, Neeraj Kapur, Sejong Bae, James W. Lillard, Shailesh Singh
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2019)