Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Apurba Anirban, Hung T. Hong, Tim J. O'Hare
Summary: Purple-pericarp sweetcorn showed similar anthocyanin concentration to its parent at eating stage and surpassed the parent at full maturity due to starch dilution. Anthocyanin/colour relationship was influenced by anthocyanin concentration and cyanidin- to pelargonidin-based anthocyanin ratio. Kernel maturity at harvest affected anthocyanin synthesis and color development.
Article
Plant Sciences
Qinqin Jiang, Wenhui Jiang, Ning Hu, Rui Tang, Yuxuan Dong, Hongqi Wu, Tianxiang Liu, Lulu Guan, Hanbing Zhang, Junbin Hou, Guaiqiang Chai, Zhonghua Wang
Summary: Anthocyanin biosynthesis in the pericarps of purple-grained wheat is light-dependent, but the regulatory mechanisms are unknown. Two key genes, TaHY5-7A and TaBBX-3B, were identified and found to collaborate in activating the expression of TaPpm1, promoting light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in purple-pericarp wheat.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Apurba Anirban, Ardashir Kharabian Masouleh, Robert J. Henry, Tim J. O'Hare
Summary: A novel purple-pericarp super-sweetcorn line, 'Tim1' (A1A1.sh2sh2), was derived from the purple-pericarp maize 'Costa Rica' and white shrunken2 (sh2) super-sweetcorn 'Tims-white'. The differences in the CDS and promoter regions of anthocyanin biosynthesis and sweetcorn genes were investigated, revealing that the purple-sweet line is different to the yellow-nonsweet reference line in both anthocyanin biosynthesis and sweetcorn genes.
MOLECULAR GENETICS AND GENOMICS
(2023)
Article
Acoustics
Isaac Duah Boateng, Ravinder Kumar, Christopher R. Daubert, Sherry Flint-Garcia, Azlin Mustapha, Lucas Kuehnel, Joseph Agliata, Qianwei Li, Caixia Wan, Pavel Somavat
Summary: For the first time, purple corn pericarp (PCP) was successfully converted into a polyphenol-rich extract using a two-pot ultrasound extraction technique. The significant extraction factors were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimum conditions yielded extracts with high levels of anthocyanins, phenolic content, and condensed tannins. Ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) outperformed microwave extraction (MAE) in terms of individual phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity, and product qualities.
ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
T. T. Efremova, S. Morozov, E. I. Chernyak, E. V. Chumanova
Summary: Purple, blue and black wheat varieties contain abundant anthocyanins in the outer kernel layers, which have health-promoting properties and are used to treat diseases. The accumulation of anthocyanins in wheat grains can occur in either the pericarp under the control of Pp genes or the aleurone layer under the control of Ba genes. Black-grained wheat lines with anthocyanins in both the pericarp and aleurone layer have been developed and may be valuable in breeding programs to enhance anthocyanin content in commercial varieties.
JOURNAL OF CEREAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohamed Nasr Gomaa, Omar Abdalhakim Almaghrabi, Awad Abdallah Elshoura, Kawther Mohamed Soliman
Summary: The study found that the aqueous extract of pericarp inhibited fungal growth and aflatoxin production, with PYES showing the best performance. Phytohormones significantly reduced fungal growth and toxin production, but no significant difference was observed on days 6 and 9.
ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Yong-Bo Li, Mei Yan, De-Zhou Cui, Chen Huang, Xin-Xia Sui, Feng Zhi Guo, Qing-Qi Fan, Xiu-Sheng Chu
Summary: The study found that the thickness of the pericarp in developing wheat grains increases from top to bottom, corresponding to a decrease in the number of cell layers. Autophagy-related genes play a crucial role in programmed cell death in the pericarp during grain development.
FRONTIERS IN GENETICS
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Tamer H. H. Gamel, Syed Muhammad Ghufran Saeed, Rashida Ali, El-Sayed M. Abdel-Aal
Summary: Colored wheats like black, blue, or purple wheat have gained significant interest as health-enhancing food ingredients. Purple wheat, being anthocyanin-pigmented, has enormous potential in food applications. It is currently processed into foods with potent antioxidant properties, although more research is needed to understand its health benefits in humans. Various stabilization methods have been proposed to prevent the loss of anthocyanins during food processing. This review provides insights on the development of purple wheat food products and its impact on human health, along with a brief discussion on methods for stabilizing anthocyanins.
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
H. T. Hong, A. D. T. Phan, T. J. O'Hare
Summary: Storage period and temperature have a significant impact on the accumulation of anthocyanins and sugar content in Purple-pericarp sweetcorn (PPS). A higher temperature of 23 degrees Celsius was found to promote the development of purple pigment and continued accumulation of anthocyanins, while sugar concentration decreased more significantly at this temperature. The findings suggest that optimal storage temperatures need to be identified to optimize both quality criteria of anthocyanin accumulation and sweetness retention in sweetcorn.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Natasha Sharma, Anita Kumari, Venkatesh Chunduri, Satveer Kaur, Jagadeesh Banda, Ajay Goyal, Monika Garg
Summary: Colored wheat, such as black and blue varieties, were found to have higher total amino acid content and lower amino acid losses after chapatti cooking compared to white wheat. Anthocyanins in colored wheat may provide protective effects on amino acids, resulting in several nutritional and health benefits for consumers.
LWT-FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jiahui Zhuo, Ke Wang, Ning Wang, Caihong Xing, Da Peng, Xinyu Wang, Ge Qu, Caiyun Kang, Xingguo Ye, Yaxuan Li, Yueming Yan, Xiaohui Li
Summary: The relationship between accumulated starch granules and starch metabolism-related genes in wheat pericarp was studied in this research. Starch synthesis in the pericarp requires a sucrose uptake and conversion system similar to that in the endosperm. The TaPTST2 gene is essential for the production of pericarp starch granules. Pericarp starch granules gradually disappear during the filling stage, accompanied by high expression levels of genes encoding beta-amylase, sucrose-phosphate synthase, and sucrose-phosphate phosphatase. The pericarp functions as a temporary reservoir for excess nutrients during early development stage and contributes to the development and starch accumulation in the endosperm and embryo, potentially affecting the weight of the wheat caryopsis.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Xiuting Yu, Qianqian Qi, Yali Li, Nana Li, Yanning Xie, Anming Ding, John Shi, Yongmei Du, Xinmin Liu, Zhongfeng Zhang, Ning Yan
Summary: This study investigated the molecular basis of the colour change in the pericarp of Chinese wild rice using metabolomics and proteomics. It found that flavonoid content plays a role in colour formation, and identified that leucoanthocyanidin reductase and WD40 repeat protein may be involved in flavonoid biosynthesis in Chinese wild rice.
FOOD RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vladimir P. Shamanin, Zeynep H. Tekin-Cakmak, Elena I. Gordeeva, Salih Karasu, Inna Pototskaya, Alexandr S. Chursin, Violetta E. Pozherukova, Gorkem Ozulku, Alexey I. Morgounov, Osman Sagdic, Hamit Koksel
Summary: This study investigated the phenolic content, compositions, and antioxidant capacity of 40 purple wheat genotypes. The results showed that purple wheat samples have high levels of phenolic compounds and antioxidant potential, suggesting that consuming purple wheat-containing foods may provide health benefits.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Isaac Duah Boateng, Azlin Mustapha, Lucas Kuehnel, Christopher R. Daubert, Ravinder Kumar, Joseph Agliata, Sherry Flint-Garcia, Caixia Wan, Pavel Somavat
Summary: The pericarp of purple corn is a valuable source of high-value polyphenols that can be extracted and used in various applications. The study optimized the extraction of these polyphenols using a two-stage multivariate design and evaluated the phenolic profiles, antioxidants, and product quality of the extracts. The results showed that the optimized extraction conditions using the Box-Behnken design resulted in extracts with better color properties, higher extraction yield, and higher levels of polyphenols and antioxidants.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2023)
Article
Microscopy
Francisco Terrazas-Valencia, Mayra Diaz-Ramirez, Ma. de la Paz Salgado-Cruz, Juan Vicente Mendez-Mendez, Keren Ileana Toledo-Madrid, Georgina Calderon-Dominguez
Summary: This study investigated the water adsorption process on wheat pericarp macrofibrils using AFM and controlled the RH levels during examinations, revealing unusual swelling behavior of the macrofibrils, with significant changes at 40% RH. AFM and image analysis were proven to be feasible for constructing water vapor isotherms and other mass transport parameters based on macrofibrils swelling.
Article
Materials Science, Textiles
P. Mendel, T. Vyhnanek, E. Braidot, A. Filippi, V Trojan, M. Bjelkova, M. D. Vaverkova, D. Adamcova, J. Zloch, M. Brtnicky, B. Dordevic
Summary: This study summarizes the effects of landfill leachate irrigation on agronomic parameters and fiber properties in two cultivars of hemp grown and harvested in two consecutive seasons. The Bialobrzeskie cultivar shows more promising results in terms of total fiber content and phloem fiber content, but sacrifices the density of both xylem and phloem fiber in comparison to the Monoica cultivar. The two cultivars also demonstrate different sensitivity and responses to the presence of heavy metals, namely zinc and chromium.
JOURNAL OF NATURAL FIBERS
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ondrej Stastnik, Jakub Novotny, Andrea Roztocilova, Petr Kouril, Vojtech Kumbar, Julius Cernik, Libor Kalhotka, Leos Pavlata, Lubor Lacina, Eva Mrkvicova
Summary: The study investigated the safety and effects of using mealworm meal in laying hens' diets, with results suggesting that 2% to 5% of mealworm meal can be used as a safe protein feed. Mealworm meal did not negatively affect microbial stability in experimental feeds. It may be concluded that the proportion of mealworm meals does not deteriorate the quality of feeds.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Ondrej Stastnik, Jakub Novotny, Andrea Roztocilova, Dana Zalesakova, Michal Rihacek, Lucie Horakova, Helena Pluhackova, Leos Pavlata, Eva Mrkvicova
Summary: This study evaluated the effect of adding caraway (1%) to diets of fast-growing and slow-growing broiler chickens on performance parameters, blood biochemical profile, and organ sizes and ileum morphology in slow-growing broilers. The results showed that the addition of 1% caraway did not significantly affect performance parameters, blood biochemical profile, and organ sizes in both fast-growing and slow-growing broilers. However, in slow-growing broilers, the addition of caraway resulted in significant changes in the height of villi and the depth of crypts in the ileum.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mehmet Mamay, Ceyhan Sonmez, Yunzhou Li, Cetin Mutlu, Imran Akhtar, Rehana Bibi, Saleh Alfarraj, Mohammad Javed Ansari, Tomas Vyhnanek
Summary: This study investigated the infestation rate and cardinal direction preference of the pistachio twig borer in pistachio orchards in Turkey. The results showed that the highest infestation rates were observed in Yaslica village in Bozova district (70%) in 2019, and Goklu village in Halfeti and Akziyaret village in Karakopru district (29%) in 2020. The lowest infestation rate (2%) was recorded in Akrepli village of Ceylanpinar district during both years. Bozova and Halfeti were found to be the most infested districts. The infestation rate was highest in the north direction and lowest in the west direction. Statistical analysis revealed no significant difference in infestation rates between different directions. The study concludes that all tree directions should be considered for pest management practices, as the pest does not show a specific direction preference. Chemical control methods are costly and inefficient, highlighting the need for alternative control approaches.
JOURNAL OF KING SAUD UNIVERSITY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Agronomy
Rabia Tabbassum, Muhammad Naveed, Ijaz Mehboob, Muhammad Hussnain Babar, Jiri Holatko, Naseem Akhtar, Munazza Rafique, Jiri Kucerik, Martin Brtnicky, Antonin Kintl, Tomas Vyhnanek, Adnan Mustafa
Summary: The study showed that the application of fermented animal manure and phosphorus fertilizer in wheat cultivation improved plant growth, yield, physiological parameters, and nutrient uptake. The combination of fermented animal manure with the recommended rate of P fertilizer significantly increased phosphorus uptake, usage efficiency, and soil phosphorus content, leading to enhanced growth and yield in wheat.
Article
Agronomy
Mohd. Kamran Khan, Anamika Pandey, Mehmet Hamurcu, Vijay Rani Rajpal, Tomas Vyhnanek, Ali Topal, Soom Nath Raina, Sait Gezgin
Summary: Breeding and growing modern wheat cultivars with greater tolerance to high boron can reduce wheat production losses caused by boron toxicity. This study identified a boron-toxicity-tolerant genotype, PI94655, in T. dicoccum and analyzed its transcriptomic response to high boron treatment. Over 450 genes were found to be significantly differentially expressed in the shoots of PI94655 under high boron.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Romana Sebestikova, Iva Buresova, Tomas Vyhnanek, Petr Martinek, Matej Pospiech
Summary: The objective of this study was to examine the rheological and fermentation behavior of doughs prepared from five different colored wheat varieties. The baking trials, texture and sensory analyses of breads were performed to assess their overall acceptability. The best products in terms of both dough and bread quality were the blue AF Oxana and yellow KM 111-18.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Jakub Novotny, Lucie Horakova, Michal Rihacek, Dana Zalesakova, Ondrej Stastnik, Eva Mrkvicova, Vojtech Kumbar, Leos Pavlata
Summary: This article focuses on the effects of different feed particle sizes on the morphology of the gastrointestinal tract, digesta viscosity, and blood biochemical parameters. It is found that coarse feed particles have a positive impact on the health of the gizzard and small intestine, while finer particles may have adverse effects on the liver.
Article
Agronomy
Marie Grulichova, Veronika Sedlakova, Vaclav Trojan, Pavel Hanacek, Tomas Vyhnanek
Summary: The content of photosynthetic pigments, especially chlorophylls, has a significant impact on seed quality, making it a potential new indicator. The content of these pigments varies among different species and varieties within the Apiaceae family. Spectrophotometry is a reliable and cost-effective method for determining photosynthetic pigment content in mature seeds.
JOURNAL OF SEED SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jana Dolezelova, Martin Kral, Matej Pospiech, Bohuslava Tremlova, Tomas Vyhnanek, Maria Walczycka, Adam Florkiewicz
Summary: This study found that biscuits made from colored whole grain wheat had higher polyphenol content and antioxidant activity compared to the control. The antioxidant activity decreased during storage in the refrigerator, with the Konini variety showing the highest antioxidant activity. There was a smaller decrease in polyphenol compounds during storage in the warehouse. The Konini variety had the highest fiber content, and the sensory analysis showed slightly higher overall acceptability for the colored wheat biscuits.
FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Ondrej St'astnik, Jakub Novotny, Andrea Roztocilova, Marketa Piechowiczova, Petr Kouril, Silvie Satrapova, Lubor Lacina, Libor Kalhotka, Leos Pavlata, Eva Mrkvicova, Miroslav Juzl
Summary: The study found that supplementing chicken diets with Tenebrio molitor larvae meal did not have a negative impact on the chemical composition or sensory quality of the meat. Chickens in the control group had a higher live weight and better flavor ratings for the breast meat compared to the groups receiving mealworm supplementation.
ACTA VETERINARIA BRNO
(2021)
