Article
Mechanics
Flora Faleschini, Klajdi Toska
Summary: This work collected a wide dataset of experimental results on the axial behavior of masonry columns confined with Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) jackets. The dataset was analyzed to identify the influence of important parameters and discrepancies in existing models were highlighted. A new formulation for the confined strength of masonry columns was proposed. Experimental results were used to validate the proposal.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
L. Estevan, F. J. Baeza, F. B. Varona, J. Pereiro
Summary: This paper analyzes the bond behavior of Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) on clay brick substrates with carbon or glass textiles and different hydraulic lime mortar matrix under different temperatures (20°C, 200°C, and 400°C). The results show that TRMs retain a significant bond capacity at 200°C, but the fibers may slip within the mortar matrix. At 400°C, the bond capacity may be completely lost, and debonding at the matrix-substrate interface may occur at low stresses, depending on the properties of each TRM.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
E. Giordano, M. G. Masciotta, F. Clementi, B. Ghiassi
Summary: The work focuses on detailed finite element modelling of multiscale experimental tests on glass-Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM) to investigate the complex three-dimensional aspects of TRM behavior and identify crucial parameters for accurate simulation and prediction of composite's response at each scale. Material and structural components of each sample are modelled individually. The results demonstrate that 3D micro-modelling successfully reproduces the experimental TRM response at different scales using consistent material parameters, leading to a comprehensive understanding of the composite behavior and performance.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Physical
Abdullah Hilal Al-Saidy, Manal Al-Busaidi, Sherif El-Gamal, Kazi Md Abu Sohel
Summary: This research investigates the deterioration of historical buildings in Oman and explores an innovative strengthening method using local materials. The experimental study shows that using basalt textile-reinforced sarooj mortar (TRM) effectively strengthens stone masonry walls, increasing their resistance to bending moments and deformations.
Article
Architecture
Luis Estevan, F. Javier Baeza, Antonio Macia, Salvador Ivorra
Summary: This study investigated the confinement of calcarenite samples using a Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) jacket in various scenarios. The results showed that FRP can significantly improve the compressive strength of the unconfined material, and the mechanical behavior is more dependent on the properties of the FRP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. A. Aiello, F. Bencardino, A. Cascardi, T. D'Antino, M. Fagone, I. Frana, L. La Mendola, G. P. Lignola, C. Mazzotti, F. Micelli, G. Minafo, A. Napoli, L. Ombres, M. C. Oddo, C. Poggi, A. Prota, G. Ramaglia, G. Ranocchiai, R. Realfonzo, S. Verre
Summary: The use of Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Matrix (FRCM) composites is recognized as suitable for the conservation and preservation of existing masonry buildings, improving bearing capacity and ensuring material and mechanical compatibility. Experimental results show that multi-ply strengthening schemes can significantly increase strength and ultimate axial deformation. The accuracy of design-oriented formulas for FRCM systems in different configurations has been further investigated, with varied results based on the number of layers and masonry types.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Review
Construction & Building Technology
Julian Thamboo
Summary: The confinement technique is used to enhance the strength and ductility of structural elements, with three different techniques suitable for masonry columns. While each technique has its own advantages and disadvantages, analytical models from Italian guidelines were found to conservatively predict the confined strength of masonry columns.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Zahra Ameli, Tommaso D'Antino, Christian Carloni
Summary: This paper reviews the experimental data on concrete and masonry columns confined with FRCM composites, and critically examines the parameters that influence the response of the columns. A new predictive model is proposed, taking into account the available database and the mechanics of the confinement.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Mechanics
Annalisa Napoli, Roberto Realfonzo
Summary: FRP materials have become a well-established technical solution for the external confinement of concrete or masonry members, with experimental studies supporting their effectiveness. However, there is a lack of general accredited formulae for evaluating the compressive strength of masonry columns when compared to concrete. This study presents new models for estimating compressive strength of FRP confined masonry columns and conducts comparisons with existing formulas in the literature.
COMPOSITE STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Francesco Campolongo, Alessio Cascardi, Luciano Ombres
Summary: Fabric Reinforced Cementitious Mortar (FRCM) is an innovative composite system that can effectively strengthen or rehabilitate masonry members. However, there is currently a lack of experimental evidence and appropriate design for the partial wrapping of FRCM. This research investigates the effectiveness of PBO FRCM confinement of clay-brick masonry columns and evaluates the influence of confinement schemes on axial bearing load capacity and ductility. The findings demonstrate that partial confinement can significantly improve axial strength and deformability.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ali Dalalbashi, Bahman Ghiassi, Daniel Oliveira
Summary: This study uses multi-level experimental and analytical methods to investigate the mechanical performance of TRM composites in strengthening existing masonry structures. The responses of TRMs at micro, meso, and macro levels are combined and studied in depth to understand the mechanisms controlling their performance at a structural scale.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Valerio Alecci, Mario De Stefano, Stefano Galassi, Raymundo Magos, Gianfranco Stipo
Summary: The experimental results show that confining masonry columns with fiber-reinforced lime mortar composites can increase their strength and ductility. However, existing predictive formulas did not accurately predict the outcomes, possibly due to the low mechanical properties of the natural matrix used in the composite. More research and wider experimental campaigns are needed for reliable predictions in this field.
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Larisa Garcia-Ramonda, Luca Pela, Pere Roca, Guido Camata
Summary: Recent research has shown that Steel Reinforced Grout (SRG) is an excellent solution for strengthening masonry structures. The use of SRG with limited fabric density ensures a good textile-matrix interlocking, preventing failure due to slippage or debonding.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Jacopo Donnini, Gianluca Maracchini, Stefano Lenci, Valeria Corinaldesi, Enrico Quagliarini
Summary: The study investigated the effectiveness of a Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) system on tuff and fired clay brick masonry panels, showing a significant increase in in-plane shear strength for tuff panels compared to fired clay brick panels. The study also provided novel analytical formulations to predict the shear strength of reinforced panels by considering only the contribution of the TRM matrix. Additionally, the TRM system significantly increased the out-of-plane bending strength and ductility of both tuff and fired clay brick panels.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
M. Ponte, A. Penna, R. Bento
Summary: This paper focuses on the in-plane behaviour of rubble stone masonry with lime mortar strengthened with different solutions. The applied retrofit solutions are specific for historic masonry buildings, such as the injection of mortar and FRCM systems. The main experimental results obtained in terms of resistance, deformation capacity, deformed shapes, and dissipated energy are presented and compared with equivalent strengthening solutions in masonry walls from the literature.
MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2023)
Article
Architecture
Luis Estevan, F. Javier Baeza, Antonio Macia, Salvador Ivorra
Summary: This study investigated the confinement of calcarenite samples using a Fiber Reinforced Polymer (FRP) jacket in various scenarios. The results showed that FRP can significantly improve the compressive strength of the unconfined material, and the mechanical behavior is more dependent on the properties of the FRP.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Salvador Ivorra, Benjamin Torres, F. Javier Baeza, David Bru
Summary: The experimental study focuses on the mechanical performance of masonry walls under in-plane cyclic shear forces, with reinforcement using Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) to improve strength, ductility, and energy dissipation capacity. Results show that TRM significantly increased the mechanical strength, displacements, and energy dissipation, while effectively controlling crack initiation and growth.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Instruments & Instrumentation
C. Farcas, O. Galao, R. Navarro, E. Zornoza, F. J. Baeza, B. Del Moral, R. Pla, P. Garces
Summary: This study investigates the viability of conductive cement composites with the hybrid addition of carbon nanotubes and graphite powder for heating, ice formation prevention and de-icing in pavements. The results show that the addition of 1% CNT + 5% GP can achieve heating, de-icing and ice-prevention properties with relatively low energy consumption, providing a promising solution for real concrete structures.
SMART MATERIALS AND STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Civil
Benjamin Torres, Salvador Ivorra, F. Javier Baeza, Luis Estevan, Borja Varona
Summary: This study conducted experiments on three masonry walls reinforced with textile reinforced mortar (TRM) materials, demonstrating the effectiveness of TRM in restoring the structural integrity of damaged masonry walls and almost doubling their load-bearing capacity under cyclic loads. The use of TRM technique to strengthen masonry walls showed promising results, providing valuable technical support for the repair and reinforcement of damaged masonry walls.
ENGINEERING STRUCTURES
(2021)
Article
Architecture
Salvador Ivorra, David Bru, F. Javier Baeza, Benjamin Torres
Summary: This paper presents a methodology for analyzing the dynamic response of historical buildings, using the Altamira Palace in Spain as a case study. It analyzes the vibration levels caused by pyrotechnic events, finding that frequencies below 10 Hz are the most damaging to the monument.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
L. Estevan, F. J. Baeza, F. B. Varona, S. Ivorra
Summary: This study found that high temperatures significantly reduced the strength and elastic modulus of the rock, but confinement with FRP provided large increases in strength and ultimate strain. The response of the confined specimens seems to depend mainly on the properties of the FRP laminate rather than the damage to the stone core.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Luis Estevan, Francisco B. Varona, F. Javier Baeza, Benjamin Torres, David Bru
Summary: This study analyzes the fire performance of different commercial Textile Reinforced Mortars (TRM) systems and finds that their mechanical properties are severely compromised at temperatures ranging from 400 to 600 degrees Celsius. Therefore, depending on their specific application, these systems may require additional protection.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2022)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
Salvador Ivorra, Benjamin Torres, Luis Estevan, Jose Manuel Piqueras
Summary: This paper analyzes the failure of a steel raised wine tank due to horizontal loads, revealing its vulnerability and limited capacity to activate alternative load paths.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2022)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
L. Estevan, B. Torres, F. B. Varona, F. J. Baeza, S. Ivorra
Summary: This study analyzes the behavior of TRM-strengthened brick masonry panels with glass and carbon fiber meshes subjected to high temperatures. The results show that TRMs with carbon fibers exhibit better performance in restoring wall capacity and providing additional ductility.
JOURNAL OF BUILDING ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
L. Estevan, F. J. Baeza, F. B. Varona, J. Pereiro
Summary: This paper analyzes the bond behavior of Textile Reinforced Mortar (TRM) on clay brick substrates with carbon or glass textiles and different hydraulic lime mortar matrix under different temperatures (20°C, 200°C, and 400°C). The results show that TRMs retain a significant bond capacity at 200°C, but the fibers may slip within the mortar matrix. At 400°C, the bond capacity may be completely lost, and debonding at the matrix-substrate interface may occur at low stresses, depending on the properties of each TRM.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2023)
Article
Engineering, Mechanical
B. Torres, P. Poveda, S. Ivorra, L. Estevan
Summary: The latest studies show that steel truss-type bridges are highly vulnerable to damage, making them prone to collapse. Monitoring critical elements in real-time is recommended to anticipate failures. However, mechanical strain, the most commonly used variable, is also the most expensive monitoring strategy.
ENGINEERING FAILURE ANALYSIS
(2023)
Proceedings Paper
Architecture
S. Ivorra, D. Bru, I Gisbert, F. J. Baeza, B. Torres, D. Camassa
Summary: This study investigates the dynamic behavior of a brick masonry wall under different stiffness conditions, including original, loaded, damaged, retrofitted with TRM, and retrofitted and damaged. The results show that changes in stiffness have significant influence on main frequencies and modal damping ratios, while the impact on modal shapes is minimal.
12TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS (SAHC 2021)
(2021)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Qi Jiang, Wei Liu, Shaopeng Wu, Xuanwen Gou
Summary: This study analyzes the erosion mechanisms of NaCl solution on asphalt concrete and finds that NaCl solution softens asphalt and promotes the intrusion of crystalline salt into it. Salt crystallization alters the surface roughness of aggregates, resulting in a decrease in skid resistance but an improvement in compressive strength. Additionally, the concentration of NaCl solution initially has no significant impact on the mechanical performance of asphalt concrete, but its domination gradually increases with the intensification of cyclic effects.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Lili Kan, Lan-qing Dai, Ning Kong, Bin Peng, Fei Wang
Summary: This paper investigates the effect of freezing and thawing cycles on the tensile behavior of cracked ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC). The results show that long-term freezing and thawing action deteriorates the cracking strength, tensile strength, tensile strain, and strain energy of cracked UHPC. On the other hand, the action of water generally favors the development of tensile properties of UHPC. The crack distribution tends to be unsaturated under freezing and thawing environment, and the re-hydration reaction is hindered. The pore structure near the crack varies under different environments.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Xin Xiao, Jingwei Li, Qingke Meng, Xiangshan Hou, Yanhui Liu, Xujiang Wang, Wenlong Wang, Shengtao Lu, Yuzhong Li, Yanpeng Mao, Tong Li
Summary: Preparing gypsum-based self-leveling mortar (GSLM) using beta-hemihydrate gypsum and solid wastes-derived sulfoaluminate cement (WSAC) can improve the mechanical performance of the mortar, but phosphorus impurities can weaken the hydration speed and degree.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Sihang Bao, Junzhen Di, Yanrong Dong, Ziqing Gao, Qing Gu, Yuanfang Zhao, Hongyu Zhai
Summary: Tailings dam break and leakage accidents pose a threat to the safety of people in mining areas and cause severe environmental pollution. This study focuses on solidifying tailing sand using microbial induced calcite precipitation (MICP) to improve strength and fix heavy metals. The curing time of MICP bio-cemented tailings is found to significantly impact the strength of tailings, while its effect on heavy metal fixation is minimal. The optimized MICP curing time is 10 days, resulting in improved strength and cementation of tailings particles.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Ferhat Benmahiddine, Fares Bennai, Achraf Charaka, Ameur El Amine Hamami, Abdelkader Tahakourt, Rafik Belarbi
Summary: This paper studied the effects of hysteresis on the hygrothermal behavior at the building scale. Through laboratory validation and numerical simulations, it was found that hysteresis has a significant impact on the relative humidity and total heat fluxes in buildings, while it does not have a noticeable effect on temperature variations.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
You Gao, Wei He, Xiayang Zhang, De'an Sun, Pei Li
Summary: This study determined the boundary line between the swelling and compression deformation zone in lateritic clay through wetting tests, and proposed a simple bimodal SWRC model. It also found that the existing strength model underestimated the tested values in the medium to high suction range, therefore a segmented strength equation was introduced for enhanced predictions of the strength properties of lateritic clay.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Prabhath Ranjan Kumar Soda, Asheer Mogal, Kalyan Chakravarthy, Nikhil Thota, Nimish Bandaru, Sanjay Kumar Shukla, K. M. Mini
Summary: This study investigates the use of encapsulated bacteria to improve the self-healing ability of concrete. Through various tests, it is found that using 20% cement-coated alginate beads (CCAB) and 5% nanosilica (NS) can achieve optimal strength and healing. This research is significant for enhancing the durability of concrete.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Shizhe Wang, Haiping Wu, Wen Yang, Wei Wang, Zhibo Zhu, Kun Nie, Luoxin Wang, Hua Wang, Jing Wu
Summary: In this study, photothermal-heat storage concrete (PHSC) was developed with excellent photothermal conversion performance and heat storage capacity. By absorbing and storing solar energy during the day and releasing it at night, PHSC can effectively reduce energy consumption in buildings.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Robin Deb, Jialuo He, Geetika Mishra, Yaghoob (Amir) Farnam
Summary: Incorporation techniques of phase change materials in cementitious composites have a significant influence on thermal properties. This study investigated the thermal behavior of low-temperature PCM when subjected to varying temperature change rates and pore confinement inside the porous network of lightweight aggregates. The results showed that ramp rates affect the nucleation and crystallization growth process during the phase transition, and the pore structure of the aggregates affects the supercooling phenomenon and confinement pressure of the PCM.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Eduardo Ferreira, Payam Sotoudeh, Dagmar Svecova
Summary: This study investigates the fatigue behavior of concrete under different stress reversal conditions. The results indicate that stress reversal generally causes more severe damage and reduces the cycles to failure compared to tensile fatigue. Additionally, adding some level of compression contributes to the energy required for failure under stress reversal fatigue. Specimens with higher concentration of fractured aggregates achieve longer fatigue lives.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Mag Raj Gehlot, Sandeep Shrivastava
Summary: This study evaluates the compatibility relationship between plaster bonds and the substrate under an accelerated aging environment, and finds that incorporating an appropriate amount of granite cutting waste can improve the strength parameters and adhesion of the cement mortar.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Min Zhang, Qirui Luo, Mingke Deng, Shixing Zhao
Summary: This study investigated the bond behavior between carbon FRCM composites with added short fibers and concrete substrates. The effects of different factors were considered and 36 specimens were tested and discussed. The experimental results were analyzed in terms of failure mode, load-slip curve, and characteristic parameters, and the contribution of weft yarns was taken into account in the developed bondslip model.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Dengkai Liu, Hongniao Chen, Ray Kai Leung Su
Summary: The susceptibility of building stones to fire and high temperature was investigated in this study by examining their physical and mechanical properties. The results show that both compressive and tensile properties of stones are affected by temperature changes. The tensile strength is particularly sensitive to temperature changes, requiring special attention to the components subjected to tensile stress in stone buildings. Principal component analysis was used to predict the mechanical properties of stones, providing a new method for calculating the residual mechanical properties after high temperature or fire.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Joso Maria Raposo, Eduardo Cavaco, Luis Costa Neves, Eduardo Julio
Summary: This paper investigates the correlation between the friction coefficient and the surface roughness of concrete-to-concrete interfaces. Experimental tests were performed on specimens with different surface treatments, and the surface roughness parameters were analyzed and correlated with the shear strength and friction coefficient. The results showed that certain roughness parameters had a strong positive correlation with the friction coefficient, while others had little or no correlation. A novel combined roughness parameter with optimized correlation was proposed.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)
Article
Construction & Building Technology
Chiara Riccardi, Massimo Losa
Summary: The interest in using bio materials in asphalt pavements is growing due to economic reasons and environmental benefits. This study aimed to review the use of bio extenders as additives in binders, with a focus on replacements greater than 20% of fossil binder. The properties of bio-extended binders were found to vary substantially depending on the biomass source and production process.
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
(2024)