Article
Anthropology
Joseba Rios-Garaizar, Aleix Eixea
Summary: This study presents an updated technological analysis of a lithic collection excavated in a high-altitude site in the Ebro Basin in the 1980s. The results reveal the use of local lithic resources combined with few quantities of medium-long distance-transported raw materials, and show technological links with the late Middle Palaeolithic of the Franco-Cantabrian region.
ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND ANTHROPOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Geography, Physical
Paloma de la Pena, Fernando Colino, Francesco D'Errico, Lyn Wadley, William E. Banks, Dominic Stratford, Lucinda Backwell
Summary: This study focuses on the lithic assemblage from Border Cave, analyzing it through lithic technology attribute analysis, particle size distribution, and spatial analysis. The results show differences in flaking strategies and raw material selection between different layers, indicating sporadic occupation by different groups at the site. The lowest layers do not support a Howiesons Poort attribution.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Lucy Timbrell, Paloma de la Pena, Amy Way, Christian Hoggard, Lucinda Backwell, Francesco D'Errico, Lyn Wadley, Matt Grove
Summary: This study presents a technological and morphometric analysis of lithic assemblages from the post-Howiesons Poort phase in South Africa. The analysis reveals temporal and technological variability, as well as an increase in morphological diversity throughout the sequence. The findings contribute to addressing biases in our understanding of cultural evolution during the Middle Stone Age in southern Africa.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Zi-An Chen, Hui-hui Ma, Yan Wang, Hui Tian, Jian-wei Mi, Dong-Mei Yao, Chuan-Jie Yang
Summary: Crohn's disease (CD) is a complex autoimmune disorder influenced by genetic, immune, microbial, and environmental factors. Machine learning is used to identify biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. Analysis of CD datasets in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) revealed differentially expressed genes (DEGs) which were further analyzed through protein-protein interaction (PPI) network and functional enrichment analyses. Machine learning algorithms were applied to determine characteristic genes, which were validated using ROC analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC).
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Yue Xu, Xiankun Yang, Guoliang Xu, Jiafang Fu, Shirong Cai, Xiaolin Mu, Tao Zhou, Wenxin Zhang, Jiaxin Chen, Likuan Li, Zijie Xu
Summary: This study focuses on the Nanxiong Basin in southeastern China and analyzes the effectiveness of soil erosion control measures using satellite images and a model. The results show that implementing treatment for soil erosion control leads to a decrease in soil erosion and integrating soil and water conservation practices with management measures significantly improves soil erosion in the basin.
Article
Engineering, Manufacturing
Stefan Goetz, Philipp Kirchner, Benjamin Schleich, Sandro Wartzack
Summary: This paper presents a new integrated approach facilitating robust and tolerance design in the concept stage, with the novelty lying in the close linkage of product development and tolerance knowledge. The approach enables automation and helps to avoid time- and cost-intensive iteration loops, resulting in a robust and tolerance-compliant concept design at the end of the concept stage.
Article
Geography, Physical
Bo Li, Zenobia Jacobs, Richard G. Roberts
Summary: In this study, a Bayesian method is introduced to detect and account for outliers in single-grain optical dating, allowing for more accurate estimation of equivalent dose values for the target population. The Bayesian outlier model (BOM) is found to be effective in identifying outliers associated with undesirable luminescence properties or contaminant grains, thus improving the accuracy of final De and age determination.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Cyler Conradhz, Rasmi Shoocongdej, Ben Marwick, Joyce C. White, Cholawit Thongcharoenchaikit, Charles Higham, James K. Feathers, Sakboworn Tumpeesuwan, Cristina C. Castillo, Dorian Q. Fuller, Emily Lena Jones
Summary: The study suggests that the 'Hoabinhian' hunter-gatherers utilized the diverse resources in the region of northwest Thailand, maintaining their activities during the Terminal Pleistocene and Pleistocene-Holocene transition, even as agricultural lifeways emerged in the Holocene. The findings indicate that these hunter-gatherers did not abandon the highland region of Thailand despite environmental and socioeconomic changes.
Article
Optics
George Kitis, Jun Peng, Bo Li, Vasilis Pagonis
Summary: This study introduces a new analytical expression to describe the dose response curves of sedimentary samples, which is equally successful as two existing equations. This research is important for the precise evaluation of equivalent beta dose in stimulated luminescence dating.
JOURNAL OF LUMINESCENCE
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Xiao Fu, Anna A. Romanyukha, Bo Li, Nathan R. Jankowski, Terry J. Lachlan, Zenobia Jacobs, Stuart P. George, Anatoly B. Rosenfeld, Richard G. Roberts
Summary: Single-grain optical dating is widely used for estimating the ages of Quaternary sediments. Understanding the sources that affect the dispersion of equivalent dose estimates from individual grain measurements is crucial for accurate age determination. This study demonstrates the use of Timepix, a pixelated detector, to measure beta emissions and determine beta microdosimetry in natural sediment samples. The results show that the estimates of beta dose rate are heterogeneous, leading to overdispersion in the single-grain dose distributions.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
S. Anna Florin, Andrew S. Fairbairn, May Nango, Djaykuk Djandjomerr, Quan Hua, Ben Marwick, David C. Reutens, Richard Fullagar, Mike Smith, Lynley A. Wallis, Chris Clarkson
Summary: The plant macrofossil assemblage from Madjedbebe in northern Australia provides insights into human-plant relationships during Aboriginal occupation for approximately 65,000 years. The study reveals that the earliest occupants had a diverse diet consisting of fruits, nuts, seeds, palm, and underground storage organs, and evidence of intensive processing of plant foods. The diet varied over time in response to changes in the environment and demography, including broadening of the diet during drier glacial stages and incorporation of new foods with the formation of freshwater wetlands. The findings indicate a resilient economic system characterized by seasonal mobility, a broad diet, and necessary plant processing technologies.
QUATERNARY SCIENCE REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Anthropology
Gayoung Park, Li-Ying Wang, Ben Marwick
Summary: This article investigates the frequency and contexts in which archaeologists have discussed racism over the past four decades by analyzing abstracts from meetings of the Society for American Archaeology. The study finds that discussions of racism are rare, often mentioned briefly in relation to broader social issues. Historical archaeologists tend to address racism more frequently.
Article
Geography, Physical
Xue Rui, Bo Li, Baoyin Yuan, Jiafu Zhang
Summary: In the Yuxian sub-basin of the Nihewan Basin in North China, the discovery of over 27 new archaeological sites lacking age control has prompted investigation into the fluvial terrace sequence of the Huliu River. Dating using pIRIR on potassium feldspar revealed formation ages for three Huliu River terraces, providing insights into human occupation in the region.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Hua-Rui Lei, Zhen-Yu Zhou, Yu-Jie Guo, Jin-Hua Du, Jia-Fu Zhang
Summary: This study used optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating to determine the age of Xibaimaying site, finding that it falls within the period of 122-36 ka. The results show that the flake tool industry of the Xibaimaying site is comparable to other sites, rather than being the youngest one, explaining why it is characterized as pure flake tool culture. The study also shed new light on the sedimentary processes in the site area, revealing complex geomorphologic processes.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Ting Cheng, Dongju Zhang, Hui Zhao, Shengli Yang, Bo Li
Summary: The high-temperature pIRIR signals of feldspar are widely used for dating, but their slow bleachability and high residual dose limit their application. This study found significant variation in the bleachability of pIRIR signals among different K-feldspar grains from the same sample, which may introduce additional scatter in D-e values. The authors propose a method for quickly testing the bleachability of individual grains and suggest selecting easy-to-bleach grains for efficient dating of young samples.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geography, Physical
Jia-Fu Zhang, Ya-Mei Hou, Yu-Jie Guo, Xue Rui, Zhi-Hao Wang, Ze-Meng Yang, Yang Liu, Zi-Ming Zhen, Yue Hu, Li-Ping Zhou
Summary: The Wulanmulun site in Ordos, China, is an important Paleolithic site due to its stone artifacts and animal fossils. Researchers conducted luminescence and radiocarbon dating, finding stratigraphically consistent and reliable ages from luminescence dating and younger ages from radiocarbon dating. The use of the ABA pretreatment method for radiocarbon dating in Chinese Paleolithic sites may result in underestimation.
QUATERNARY GEOCHRONOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geosciences, Multidisciplinary
Ye-Song Han, Jia-Fu Zhang, Geng-Nian Liu, Zhi-Jiu Cui
Summary: The fluvial terraces along the Minjiang River in China's Songpan area were investigated and dated using optically stimulated luminescence (OSL) techniques. The reliability of previously reported terrace ages was evaluated, and relatively reliable ages were determined based on stratigraphic and geomorphological consistency. The study provides important information on terrace formation ages and river incision rates.
FRONTIERS IN EARTH SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Geochemistry & Geophysics
Aimin Zhang, Qihui Gao, Sufi Mostafizur Rahman, Muhammad Mahbubul Alam, Yujie Guo, Yiwei Chen, Jie Chen, Huiying Wang, Ping Wang, Jiafu Zhang, Chaolu Yi, Gang Hu
Summary: Fluvial sediment fingerprinting is a method that can trace the transport of sediment in rivers by studying changes in their luminescence properties. The study found that the type of rock in the source area is the main determinant of the luminescence properties of sediment in the river, while transportation distance influences local variations. Residual doses can be used to determine the erosion ability of the river, and coarse-grained sediments experience a dilution effect during transportation.
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
(2023)
Article
Archaeology
Yichun Chen, Ben Marwick
Summary: The study examines gender inequality in archaeology and investigates the correlation between participants' gender and the topics of their presentations at major conferences in the field. Using machine learning, the research identifies distinctive topics strongly associated with women. Understanding these relationships between gender and research topics is important to promote equal participation and unbiased access to training opportunities in archaeology.
JOURNAL OF FIELD ARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Anthropology
Alex Mackay, Rosaria B. K. Saktura, Corey A. O'Driscoll, Kelsey C. Boyd, Ben Marwick, Ian Moffat, Zenobia Jacobs
Summary: This paper reports on the cultural sequence and paleoecology recovered from the re-excavation of the rock shelter site Klipfonteinrand 1 (KFR1) in the southern Africa's Fynbos biome. It reveals three stratigraphically distinct Middle Stone Age (MSA) components and identifies the oldest component with relatively deep sediment accumulation. The study also highlights the discontinuous and spatially variable nature of rock shelter occupation in the region. Overall, this research provides new insights into the archaeology of the earlier MSA in southern Africa.
JOURNAL OF PALEOLITHIC ARCHAEOLOGY
(2023)
