Article
Ecology
Xibao Wang, Yongquan Shang, Qinguo Wei, Xiaoyang Wu, Huashan Dou, Huanxin Zhang, Shengyang Zhou, Weilai Sha, Guolei Sun, Shengchao Ma, Honghai Zhang
Summary: The gut microbiome of red and corsac foxes exhibit species-specific compositions and functions that may contribute to their ability to adapt to different ecological niches and habitats. The red fox showed abundant Bacteroides which may aid in wider niche adaptation, while the corsac fox had high percentages of Blautia which could help in surviving in harsh environments.
Article
Microbiology
Celine Richomme, Sandrine Lesellier, Francisco Javier Salguero, Jacques Laurent Barrat, Jean-Marc Boucher, Jennifer Danaidae Reyes-Reyes, Sylvie Henault, Krystel De Cruz, Jennifer Tambosco, Lorraine Michelet, Justine Boutet, Rubyat Elahi, Konstantin P. Lyashchenko, Conor O'Halloran, Ana Balseiro, Maria Laura Boschiroli
Summary: This study demonstrates that typical Mycobacterium bovis infection can be induced experimentally in captive foxes, and these foxes are capable of shedding the bacteria. This research is significant for future diagnostics and vaccine evaluations in fox species.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Stuart McLean, David S. Nichols, Noel W. Davies
Summary: The study analyzed the urinary volatiles of 15 free-ranging wild foxes in Australia, identifying 53 possible endogenous scent compounds, 10 plant-derived compounds, and 5 anthropogenic xenobiotics. The presence of sulfur compounds and unique chemical types in fox urine suggest a highly evolved system of semiochemicals for communication and defense in the species.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Nedzad Hadziomerovic, Ozan Gundemir, Faruk Tandir, Rizah Avdic, Muhamed Katica
Summary: This study described the morphological and morphometric features of the auditory ossicles in red foxes and provided important geometric data through analysis. The results showed that the anatomical organization of the auditory ossicles in red foxes is similar to that in other animals, which contributes to the field of auditory biology.
Article
Forestry
Guilherme Castro, Daniela Teixeira, Guilherme Ares-Pereira, Catia Lima, Ana Magalhaes, Claudia Camarinha, Gurutzeta Guillera-Arroita, Carlos Fonseca, Luis Miguel Rosalino
Summary: The study evaluated the impact of Eucalyptus plantations on the occupancy patterns of red foxes, finding that red foxes prefer native vegetation over non-native plantations and avoid areas with high human disturbance. The current structure of exotic plantations can have a negative impact on species occurrence, even for resilient species like red foxes.
FOREST ECOLOGY AND MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
Hussain S. Reshamwala, Neeraj Mahar, Rodolfo Dirzo, Bilal Habib
Summary: Dens are crucial for the survival of red foxes, as they use them for protection, resting, and breeding throughout the year. Red foxes show adaptability to dynamic anthropogenic changes and choose den sites based on human disturbances and food resource availability. The study found that red foxes prefer den sites on mountain slopes away from human settlements and have a significant diet overlap with dogs.
GLOBAL ECOLOGY AND CONSERVATION
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Kalynda M-A Watson, Katarina M. Mikac, Sibylle G. Schwab
Summary: The use of genetic information for conservation biology has become more widespread, including for invasive species management. Despite the threat posed by red foxes to Australian fauna and agriculture, few studies have investigated the population genetics of foxes in Australia. A recent study in New South Wales found moderate genetic diversity with low to moderate levels of inbreeding and limited evidence of population genetic structure among foxes sampled.
Article
Parasitology
Gang Liu, Shanshan Zhao, Wenbo Tan, Sandor Hornok, Wumei Yuan, Ligu Mi, Suwen Wang, Zhiqiang Liu, Yanyan Zhang, Wurelihazi Hazihan, Xinli Gu, Yuanzhi Wang
Summary: In this study, various Rickettsia species were detected in red foxes and marbled polecats in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, with some tick species reported for the first time on red foxes in China. The presence of Rickettsia sibirica and Rickettsia raoultii was identified in the organs of red foxes, and R. sibirica was also found in a marbled polecat, expanding the understanding of tick-borne pathogens in wildlife species and their associated ticks in China.
PARASITES & VECTORS
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Benjamin N. Sacks, Zachary T. Lounsberry, Halie M. Rando, Kristopher Kluepfel, Steven R. Fain, Sarah K. Brown, Anna V. Kukekova
Summary: The red fox has a global distribution and is utilized as an evolutionary model system. This study sequenced a portion of the red fox Y chromosome and discovered two separate intercontinental exchanges of red foxes, with contrasting patterns between Y chromosome and mtDNA transfer history. Further sampling is necessary to confirm and clarify the red fox Y chromosome phylogeography.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Xing Li, Y. Jun Xu, Maofei Ni, Chunlin Wang, Siyue Li
Summary: This study reveals the spatio-temporal variations of nitrate sources and transformations in a mixed land use/land cover catchment. It suggests that point sources dominate nitrate in the summer and winter, while non-point sources dominate in the spring and autumn. The increase in urban areas leads to an increase in nitrate concentrations from domestic sewage, and both urban and agricultural inputs should be considered in nitrate pollution management.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Thi-Thu Vu, Yuan Shen
Summary: Significant changes in land use and cover have occurred in Dong Trieu district from 2000 to 2019, with a decrease in barren land and an increase in built-up areas and orchards. Factors such as geography, population density, and distance from main roads have influenced the changes in different land types.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Benoit Talbot, Thaneah J. Alanazi, Vicky Albert, Emilie Bordeleau, Emilie Bouchard, Patrick A. Leighton, H. Dawn Marshall, Daphne Rondeau-Geoffrion, Audrey Simon, Ariane Masse
Summary: Rabies is a deadly disease that can be transmitted to humans through the bite of an infected mammal. Red foxes in the Quebec-Labrador Peninsula show significant genetic structure, which suggests a potential role in the southward propagation of the rabies virus. These findings provide additional support for the hypothesis of long-distance transmission of the virus.
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Patrycja Grzybek, Piotr Przysiecki, Andrzej Filistowicz, Jan Dobrzanski, Tomasz Szwaczkowski
Summary: This study estimated pedigree parameters in the red fox population on a Polish breeding farm, finding an average inbreeding level of 5.34% for the population and 6.04% for inbred individuals. The effective number of founders in the population was estimated to be 84.18. The founder genome equivalent, a measure of genetic diversity loss, decreased from 34.22 in 1956 to 9.59 in 2016, indicating a decline in genetic diversity due to genetic drift.
ANNALS OF ANIMAL SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Brittany D. Cronk, Leonardo Cardia Caserta, Melissa Laverack, Rhea S. Gerdes, Kevin Hynes, Cynthia R. Hopf, Melissa A. Fadden, Shotaro Nakagun, Krysten L. Schuler, Elizabeth L. Buckles, Manigandan Lejeune, Diego G. Diel
Summary: In the spring of 2022, nine juvenile red foxes in New York, USA were found to be infected with Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A type H5N1. The foxes exhibited neurologic symptoms and showed lesions in their brain and lung tissue. The viral RNA labeling overlapped with the brain lesions, indicating that the infection primarily affected neurons and grey matter.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Studies
Valentin Ouedraogo, Kwame Oppong Hackman, Michael Thiel, Jaiye Dukiya
Summary: Ouagadougou and Bobo-Dioulasso, the major urban centers in Burkina Faso, are experiencing increasing human footprint as a result of rapid urbanization. This research used intensity analysis to analyze the dynamics of land use/land cover (LULC) in the two cities between 2003 and 2021. Satellite data from Landsat 5, Landsat 7, and Landsat 8 were used for supervised image classifications using algorithms like Random Forest, Support Vector Machine, and Gradient Tree Boost. The results showed significant changes in the landscape, with Ouagadougou experiencing more rapid changes. The study highlights the importance of sustainable urban land use planning due to the increasing human footprint and its potential environmental threats.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Amalia M. Handler, Amanda K. Suchy, Nancy B. Grimm
Summary: Denitrification and DNRA are two common nitrate processing mechanisms in wetland ecosystems. DNRA may play an important role in nitrate attenuation in unmanaged urban accidental wetlands. The rate of DNRA varies between different vegetative patches, with the highest rates found in patches dominated by Ludwigia peploides.
JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH-BIOGEOSCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Limnology
Miquel Ribot, Nancy B. Grimm, Lindsey D. Pollard, Daniel von Schiller, Amalia M. Handler, Eugenia Marti
Summary: Cessation of cattle grazing in some streams of the U.S. Southwest has led to the reestablishment of wetlands, impacting nitrogen cycling in the streams. Results show that higher nitrogen uptake and storage, as well as turnover rates, were observed in the pre-wetland state compared to the wetland state, indicating a shorter retention time for assimilated nitrogen in stream biomass.
LIMNOLOGY AND OCEANOGRAPHY
(2022)