Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Camila Pires Mendes, Barbara Graziela Postal, Marisa Jadna Silva Frederico, Rui Goncalves Marques Elias, Veronica Aiceles de Medeiros Pinto, Cristiane da Fonte Ramos, Patricia Devantier Neuenfeldt, Ricardo Jose Nunes, Fatima Regina Mena Barreto Silva
Summary: A new library of hybrid compounds was developed to optimize the pharmacological activities of two drugs for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, potentially minimizing adverse effects. Among the screened compounds, PTEBS was identified to effectively regulate glucose and lipid homeostasis.
BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Lixia Lv, Xiumin Wang, Jinhua Shen, Ying Cao, Qin Zhang
Summary: This study found that miR-574-3p suppresses glucose toxicity-induced pancreatic beta-cell dysfunction by targeting PRMT1. The high expression of PRMT1 was associated with reduced proliferation, insulin secretion, and GLUT1 level, as well as increased apoptosis, AGEs, and ROS levels in pancreatic beta cells.
DIABETOLOGY & METABOLIC SYNDROME
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Shun-ichiro Asahara, Hiroyuki Inoue, Hitoshi Watanabe, Yoshiaki Kido
Summary: Pancreatic beta-cells are the only cells that can control glycemic levels through insulin secretion. Studies have found that mTOR plays a significant role in the function of beta-cells and the progression of diabetes.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Md Mostafizur Rahman, Asmita Pathak, Kathryn L. Schueler, Haifa Alsharif, Ava Michl, Justin Alexander, Jeong-A Kim, Sushant Bhatnagar
Summary: This study shows that the deletion of Synaptotagmin-9 (Syt9) in mice increases glucose clearance and plasma insulin levels, inhibiting insulin secretion and glucose clearance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jiali Zhou, Yushuang Luo, Xincong Kang, Fangzhou Bian, Dongbo Liu
Summary: The study found that Scutellaria baicalensis water extract can increase insulin secretion, decrease high glucose-induced cell apoptosis, and elucidate the mechanism of treating diabetes by activating the autophagy pathway through the AMPK signal pathway.
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Xiaoyuan Wang, Wuqi Song, Fengmin Zhang, Renping Huang
Summary: This study demonstrated that DHA inhibits TGF-β-induced fibrosis of HTFs by inducing autophagy. Additionally, DHA induces apoptosis and increases ROS levels in HTFs, partially reversing the effects of TGF-β. Furthermore, DHA upregulates the expression of miR-145-5p in HTFs in a dose-dependent manner, which may help prevent the formation of hypertrophic scars following glaucoma surgery.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Min Hu, Jia-ying Cai, Yao He, Kui Chen, Feng Hao, Jin-sen Kang, Yan Pan, Lu Tie, Xue-jun Li
Summary: This study investigates the protective effect of curcumin against desipramine-induced apoptosis in beta cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms. The results show that curcumin combined with desipramine can reduce immobility time, normalize insulin secretion and blood glucose levels, prevent cell apoptosis, and inhibit the related signaling pathways. These findings suggest that curcumin may have therapeutic potential as an adjunct to antidepressant treatment.
ACTA PHARMACOLOGICA SINICA
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kristen E. Rohli, Cierra K. Boyer, Sandra E. Blom, Samuel B. Stephens
Summary: Pancreatic islet beta-cells have the ability to adapt their secretory program to match nutrient availability and peripheral insulin signaling cues. However, as Type 2 diabetes progresses, these adaptive mechanisms fail, leading to a decline in beta-cell function and impaired insulin secretion.
Article
Plant Sciences
Wen-Chang Chang, James Swi-Bea Wu, Szu-Chuan Shen
Summary: The study demonstrated that VES can prevent inflammation and diabetes induced by MG through multiple pathways. This protective effect may be associated with the regulation of advanced glycation end product receptors and related protein expression, as well as the elevation of antioxidant levels within pancreatic cells.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jean-Claude Henquin
Summary: Research on isolated human islets can be reliably translated to the in vivo situation, but concordance may fade out under extreme conditions. Perplexing differences exist between insulin secretion in subjects with Type 2 diabetes and their islets studied in vitro, especially concerning kinetics. Future projects should ensure experimental conditions resemble physiological conditions to maintain the function of normal and diabetic islets.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Waseem El-Huneidi, Shabana Anjum, Mohamed A. Saleh, Yasser Bustanji, Eman Abu-Gharbieh, Jalal Taneera
Summary: The study found that carnosic acid (CA), a natural polyphenolic diterpene, can protect pancreatic beta-cells from damage induced by streptozotocin (STZ). CA exerts its protective effects by modulating different pathways, including the Pi3K/AKT/PDX-1/insulin pathway and mitochondria-mediated apoptosis.
Article
Cell Biology
Shan-Ying Wu, Hung-Tsung Wu, Yi-Ching Wang, Chih-Jen Chang, Yan-Shen Shan, Shang-Rung Wu, Yen-Chi Chiu, Chia-Lang Hsu, Hsueh-Fen Juan, Kai-Ying Lan, Chi-Wen Chu, Ying-Ray Lee, Sheng-Hui Lan, Hsiao-Sheng Liu
Summary: This study reveals that secretory autophagy promotes RAB37-mediated insulin secretion to maintain the homeostasis of insulin and glucose.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yan Yang, Zixin Cai, Zhenhong Pan, Fen Liu, Dandan Li, Yujiao Ji, Jiaxin Zhong, Hairong Luo, Shanbiao Hu, Lei Song, Shaojie Yu, Ting Li, Jiequn Li, Xianhua Ma, Weiping Zhang, Zhiguang Zhou, Feng Liu, Jingjing Zhang
Summary: The small GTPase Rheb1 plays a critical role in regulating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in beta-cells, suggesting a potential new target for therapeutic treatment of diabetes.
METABOLISM-CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Alexander T. Sipe, Marian L. Neuhouser, Kara L. Breymeyer, Kristina M. Utzschneider
Summary: A controlled feeding study found that a low GI diet reduced glucose exposure and insulin secretion, but had no impact on measures of beta-cell function.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jorge Tamarit-Rodriguez
Summary: The glucose-induced release of insulin in beta cells is attributed to the metabolism of glucose in the glycolytic pathway and the citric acid cycle. This metabolism leads to the closure of ATP-dependent K+ channels and the opening of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels, triggering the exocytosis of insulin secretory granules. GABA metabolism in beta cells is found to contribute to the stimulation of insulin secretion. The GABA shunt metabolism provides an alternative pathway for the citric acid cycle, enhancing mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and insulin secretion.