Article
Plant Sciences
Abdellah Barakate, Mikel Arrieta, Malcolm Macaulay, Sebastian Vivera, Diane Davidson, Jennifer Stephens, Jamie Orr, Miriam Schreiber, Luke Ramsay, Claire Halpin, Robbie Waugh
Summary: This study focused on the role of RTEL1 helicase in plant meiosis and control of recombination using barley as the model. Downregulation of RTEL1 expression specifically in reproductive tissues led to a significant increase of COs at distal chromosomal regions in barley, as revealed by high resolution genome-wide genetic analysis.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Yanling Wang, Zhaonian Dong, Yalin Ma, Yi Zheng, Sanwen Huang, Xueyong Yang
Summary: Meiotic recombination in cucumber is influenced by genomic and epigenetic features, such as gene binding, histone modification, chromatin accessibility, and DNA methylation. Different hybrids show uneven distribution of crossover events, which can be predicted based on multiomic information. This study provides theoretical support for selecting parental combinations and manipulating crossover events during plant breeding.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Julia Dluzewska, Wojciech Dziegielewski, Maja Szymanska-Lejman, Monika Gazecka, Ian R. Henderson, James D. Higgins, Piotr A. Ziolkowski
Summary: The study reveals that MSH2 has antagonistic effects on interfering and non-interfering crossover pathways in Arabidopsis, acting as a master regulator of meiotic DSB repair. This finding highlights the importance of MSH2 in shaping the crossover landscape in relation to interhomolog polymorphism.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Stacey L. Hanlon, R. Scott Hawley
Summary: Selfish genetic elements use various mechanisms to ensure their inheritance and survival at the expense of the host. However, our understanding of the suppression systems against such selfish behavior is limited. In this study, the biased transmission of non-essential B chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster was achieved in a specific genetic background. The combination of a mutant of the matrimony gene and the TM3 balancer chromosome created a female-specific driving genotype for the biased transmission of the B chromosomes. The abnormal localization of B chromosomes during meiosis suggests a failure in the mechanism responsible for their proper distribution.
Review
Plant Sciences
Paulo G. Hofstatter, Gokilavani Thangavel, Marco Castellani, Andre Marques
Summary: Holocentric chromosomes are different from the common monocentric organization, with multiple centromeric regions along their length. They have evolved independently in animal and plant lineages, and can correctly segregate broken chromosome parts. However, adaptations are needed to deal with the consequences of holocentricity on nuclear processes.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kim Osman, Uthman Algopishi, James D. Higgins, Ian R. Henderson, Keith J. Edwards, F. Chris H. Franklin, Eugenio Sanchez-Moran
Summary: Meiotic recombination in wheat exhibits biased distribution of crossovers towards distal regions of chromosomes, creating challenges for plant breeders. Recent advances in wheat genomics and genome engineering, along with well-developed cytogenetics, provide new opportunities for manipulating recombination and unlocking genetic variation in wheat. This study provides a cytogenetic framework for functional studies and ongoing initiatives to manipulate recombination in the wheat genome.
FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jonathan M. Chernus, Stephanie L. Sherman, Eleanor Feingold
Summary: Our study identified several genes with consistent patterns of association across groups and in certain subgroups, suggesting both generalized effects and specific effects in maternal nondisjunction of chromosome 21. While our results are epidemiological and cannot definitively prove mechanisms, the patterns we observed align with existing literature on associated genes.
PRENATAL DIAGNOSIS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David E. Almanzar, Spencer G. Gordon, Ofer Rog
Summary: The study found that sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) are rare in meiosis in C. elegans germline, with crossover pathways used only to generate a necessary link between homologous chromosomes. Noncrossover pathways, on the other hand, repair almost all other double-strand breaks in this organism.
Article
Plant Sciences
Divyashree C. Nageswaran, Jaeil Kim, Christophe Lambing, Juhyun Kim, Jihye Park, Eun-Jung Kim, Hyun Seob Cho, Heejin Kim, Dohwan Byun, Yeong Mi Park, Pallas Kuo, Seungchul Lee, Andrew J. Tock, Xiaohui Zhao, Ildoo Hwang, Kyuha Choi, Ian R. Henderson
Summary: HIGH CROSSOVER RATE1 (HCR1) represses meiotic crossovers and encodes PROTEIN PHOSPHATASE X1, which therefore has a major role opposing the function of pro-recombination kinases to restrict crossovers in Arabidopsis.
Article
Cell Biology
Anna Kouznetsova, Jian Guo Liu, Sonata Valentiniene, Hjalmar Brismar, Christer Hoog
Summary: Aging significantly impacts the chromosome segregation process in human oocytes, leading to aneuploidy, infertility, and developmental disorders. As age increases, the likelihood of chromosome segregation irregularities also increases, resulting in a higher incidence of aneuploidy.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
R. Sainte-Rose, C. Petit, L. Dijols, C. Frapsauce, F. Guerif
Summary: The study found that blastocyst development rate is significantly reduced in advanced maternal age patients, with blastocysts showing growth retardation on day 5. While cell organization is unaffected by age, blastocysts with 'good' morphology in AMA patients have decreased implantation probability compared to 'average' morphology blastocysts in younger women. Although extended embryo culture is not harmful for AMA patients, it cannot compensate for the reduced implantation and live birth rates associated with maternal age.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Parinaz Kazemi, Teruko Taketo
Summary: The coexistence of metacentric and acrocentric chromosomes in mouse oocytes delays the progression of Meiotic Prophase I and reduces the efficiency of homologous crossover, resulting in a higher frequency of aneuploidy.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Elena Llano, Alberto M. Pendas
Summary: The synaptonemal complex (SC) forms during meiosis I and is involved in the synapses of homologous chromosomes, repair of double-strand breaks (DSBs), and formation of crossovers (COs). Defects in SC assembly or meiotic recombination machinery can cause meiotic arrest and infertility. Many proteins involved in these processes are meiosis-specific, but some also have roles in somatic DNA repair and are associated with cancer development.
Review
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Ursula Blyth, Laurentiu Craciunas, Gavin Hudson, Meenakshi Choudhary
Summary: This study critically reviewed the evidence related to maternal germline factors associated with pregnancy loss due to embryo aneuploidy, highlighting the role of maternal structural factors in miscarriage.
HUMAN REPRODUCTION UPDATE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Wei Cui
Summary: Mature oocytes in mammals are normally arrested at metaphase of the second meiosis, but in some cases, they can spontaneously exit this arrest, known as oocyte spontaneous activation (OSA). There are two types of OSA: one occurs when oocytes are removed from the body, leading to incomplete activation, and the other happens within ovarian oocytes, resulting in abnormal development. These OSA phenomena have implications for fertility clinics and animal models used in reproductive studies.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)