Article
Cell Biology
Lei Xi, Meixi Peng, Shuiqing Liu, Yongcan Liu, Xueying Wan, Yixuan Hou, Yilu Qin, Liping Yang, Shanchun Chen, Huan Zeng, Yong Teng, Xiaojiang Cui, Manran Liu
Summary: Studies have shown that oxidized ATM phosphorylates BNIP3 to induce autophagosome accumulation and exosome release in breast CAFs. In addition, oxidized ATM phosphorylates ATP6V1G1, leading to lysosomal dysfunction and facilitating exosome release through fusion with multi-vesicular bodies. This process ultimately stimulates non-canonical NF-kappa B signaling and enhances the invasive abilities of recipient breast cancer cells.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
XuKai Liu, JiZu Tang, LiQiang Peng, HaiBo Nie, YuanGuang Zhang, Pan Liu
Summary: Dysregulation of autophagy in cancer-associated fibroblasts has been shown to contribute to the malignant phenotypes of human tumors. This study investigated the role of CAFs autophagy in prostate cancer. Results demonstrated that CAFs had higher levels of autophagy compared to normal fibroblasts. Furthermore, inhibition of autophagy in CAFs suppressed the proliferation, migration, and invasion capabilities of PCa cells. Silencing of ATG5 in CAFs also inhibited fibroblast autophagy and suppressed malignant phenotypes of PCa cells. These findings suggest that CAFs play a promotive role in PCa through ATG5-dependent autophagy, providing a novel mechanism for PCa progression.
Review
Oncology
Hao Peng, Erwei Zhu, Yewei Zhang
Summary: Liver cancer, ranked sixth in incidence and fourth in mortality worldwide, is a highly aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), as the most abundant components in the tumor stroma, play a crucial role in the progression of liver cancer by interacting with tumor cells, immune cells, and vascular endothelial cells in the tumor microenvironment. CAFs in liver cancer are not homogeneous, and single-cell sequencing technology has helped reveal their diversity. Understanding the context-dependent role of different subsets of CAFs provides new strategies for precise treatment of liver cancer.
BIOMARKER RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
May Leng Tan, E. Kenneth Parkinson, Lee Fah Yap, Ian C. Paterson
Summary: The study found that CAFs from OSCCs have more autophagosomes, possibly due to autophagic impairment. Regulation of autophagy in normal fibroblasts affects fibroblast activation and senescence, while TGF-beta 1 may have additional effects on cell migration and invasion independent of fibroblast activation/senescence.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jingru Bai, Tong Liu, Bo Tu, Meng Yuan, Zhaoqi Shu, Minghe Fan, Sihan Huo, Yuyao Guo, Lina Wang, Hua Wang, Ying Zhao
Summary: This study reveals that autophagy deficiency in cancer-associated fibroblasts inhibits their activation by impeding proline biosynthesis and collagen production. Autophagy promotes proline biosynthesis through mitophagy-mediated regulation of NADK2. Inhibiting mitophagy can reduce tumor weight in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
Article
Cell Biology
Shanshan Lin, Bo Zhu
Summary: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) promote the development of colorectal cancer (CRC) by communicating with CRC cells in the tumor microenvironment and enhancing chemo-resistance. The increased expressions of FOSL1 and ITGB4 in CRC tissues are correlated with poor prognosis. CAFs-derived exosomes transfer FOSL1 to CRC cells, leading to increased cell proliferation, stemness, and resistance to oxaliplatin by transcriptionally activating ITGB4.
MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR BIOCHEMISTRY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Zhaodong Ji, Wenjuan Tian, Wen Gao, Rongyu Zang, Huaying Wang, Gong Yang
Summary: IL-8 secreted by cancer-associated fibroblasts and cancer cells promotes stemness in human ovarian cancer via the activation of Notch3-mediated signaling, providing a potential novel strategy for ovarian cancer treatment.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Ning Liang, Tao Yang, Qian Huang, Pengfei Yu, Chaoxu Liu, Liusheng Chen, Qian Wang, Gang Wang, Xianli He
Summary: Primary liver cancer consists of hepatocellular carcinoma, cholangiocarcinoma, hepatoblastoma, and combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma. Recent studies have found differences in cancer stem cell properties among different liver cancer types. Liver cancer stem cells, also known as liver tumor-initiating cells, are considered to be drivers of tumor initiation and metastasis, and are regulated by various mechanisms and factors. This review presents an analysis of cancer stemness in different liver cancer types, evaluates the mechanisms of cancer stemness maintenance in liver cancer stem cells, and discusses potential treatments for eradicating liver cancer stem cells.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sung-Hyun Hwang, Yeseul Yang, Jae-Ha Jung, Yongbaek Kim
Summary: CAFs facilitate the activation of lipid metabolism in lung adenocarcinoma cells through the transfer of oleic acid, leading to enhanced cancer cell stemness and progression towards malignancy under glucose-deficient conditions.
CANCER CELL INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Jingyi Li, Xuefeng Gu, Guoqing Wan, Yuhan Wang, Kaijie Chen, Qi Chen, Changlian Lu
Summary: In this study, it was found that rocuronium bromide (RB) can inhibit the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and autophagy in cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), leading to decreased expression of CXCL12 and hence weakening the CXCL12-mediated progression of esophageal cancer (EC).
JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Liang Du, Da Wang, Peter W. Nagle, Andries A. H. Groen, Hao Zhang, Christina T. Muijs, John Th M. Plukker, Robert P. Coppes
Summary: Esophageal cancer is a highly aggressive disease with poor prognosis. The hypoxia-responding mTOR pathway plays a crucial role in the regulation of esophageal cancer stem-like cells (CSCs). Targeting the mTOR pathway could be a potential therapeutic strategy for eliminating putative esophageal CSCs.
Article
Biology
Nazanin Vaziri, Laleh Shariati, Ali Zarrabi, Ali Farazmand, Shaghayegh Haghjooy Javanmard
Summary: In this study, a coculture system of breast cancer cells and fibroblasts was used to investigate the impact of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) on breast cancer stem cell properties. The results showed that CAF cells in the cocultivation system produced LIF, which promoted stemness by activating the LIFR signaling pathway in breast cancer cells. This suggests that targeting LIF/LIFR signaling could be an effective therapeutic strategy for breast cancer and preventing tumor recurrence.
Article
Oncology
Suyanee Thongchot, Chiara Vidoni, Alessandra Ferraresi, Watcharin Loilome, Narong Khuntikeo, Sakkarn Sangkhamanon, Attapol Titapun, Ciro Isidoro, Nisana Namwat
Summary: The study validates the hypothesis that CAF infiltration and IL-6 release predict poor prognosis in CCA patients, with low stromal IL-6 and active autophagy in cancer cells correlating with better outcomes and chemotherapy response. Therapeutic strategies targeting these factors may improve survival in CCA patients.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Minli Huang, Mengru Fu, Jia Wang, Chunhua Xia, Hong Zhang, Yuqing Xiong, Jiake He, Jianming Liu, Bingchen Liu, Siyi Pan, Fanglan Liu
Summary: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play a crucial role in breast cancer initiation, metastasis, and invasion. This study investigated the requirement of autophagy and FAP-alpha in breast cancer cell invasion and metastasis, finding that both are necessary. Targeting autophagy or FAP-alpha individually may be a potential approach to improve the prognosis of human breast cancer.
BIOCHEMICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Uttara Saran, Balaji Chandrasekaran, Ashish Tyagi, Vaibhav Shukla, Amandeep Singh, Arun K. Sharma, Chendil Damodaran
Summary: Recent studies have shown that ASR490, a small molecule compound, effectively inhibits the growth of breast cancer stem cells and breast cancer by targeting the Notch1 signaling pathway. It downregulates the expressions of Notch1 intracellular domain (NICD) and its downstream effectors, Hey1 and HES1, and induces autophagy-mediated growth inhibition in breast cancer stem cells. ASR490 is non-toxic to healthy cells and has shown promising results in in vivo xenograft models. These findings suggest that ASR490 has potential as a therapeutic agent for breast cancer.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)