Article
Cell Biology
Jia Guo, Feng Zhou, Zhi Liu, Yuan Cao, Wanming Zhao, Zheru Zhang, Qiming Zhai, Yan Jin, Bei Li, Fang Jin
Summary: Combining exosomes with dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) has a remarkable effect on bone regeneration. Exosomes promote osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs by transferring mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) mRNA and enhancing glutamate metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) activity. This study provides a new potential strategy to improve DPSC-based bone regenerative treatment.
CELL PROLIFERATION
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Yiyi Zhu, Weiwei Gui, Bowen Tan, Ying Du, Jiaqiang Zhou, Fang Wu, Hong Li, Xihua Lin
Summary: The study discovered that IGF2 expression in skeletal muscle cells is influenced by exercise training, and IGF2 plays a crucial role in the function of skeletal muscle cells, with a lack of IGF2 leading to decreased mitochondrial function. Through the regulatory pathway of IGF2-SIRT1-PGC1α, mitochondrial regulation in skeletal muscle cells may be achieved.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Tzu-Huai Lin, Dana M. Bis-Brewer, Amy E. Sheehan, Louise N. Townsend, Daniel C. Maddison, Stephan Zuchner, Gaynor A. Smith, Marc R. Freeman
Summary: This study found that TSG101 inhibits mitochondrial biogenesis in axons, which is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial numbers and sizes.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Tian Zhao, Jiaojiao Zhang, Hong Lei, Yuanyuan Meng, Hongcheng Cheng, Yanping Zhao, Guangfeng Geng, Chenglong Mu, Linbo Chen, Qiangqiang Liu, Qian Luo, Chuanmei Zhang, Yijia Long, Jingyi Su, Yinhao Wang, Zhuoya Li, Jiaxing Sun, Guo Chen, Yanjun Li, Xudong Liao, Yingli Shang, Gang Hu, Quan Chen, Yushan Zhu
Summary: This study demonstrates that viruses exploit mitochondrial biogenesis to counteract innate antiviral immunity. NRF1 is essential for virus-induced mitochondrial biogenesis and its deficiency enhances innate immunity. Virus-induced inhibition of NRF1-mediated mitochondrial biogenesis aggravates mitochondrial damage, promotes mtDNA release, increases mtROS production, and activates innate immune response.
Review
Neurosciences
Jonathan M. Memme, Avigail T. Erlich, David A. Hood, Geetika Phukan
Summary: Mitochondrial health is crucial for cellular function and overall vitality, with skeletal muscle serving as a key model tissue for studying mitochondrial adaptations. The plasticity of mitochondria allows for adjustments in response to exercise, contributing to metabolic health in individuals with various diseases and aging. Further research into mitochondrial turnover mechanisms in muscle could provide therapeutic targets for improving health and longevity in aging populations.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hongrui Guo, Ling Wei, Yihan Wang, Hengmin Cui, Huidan Deng, Yanqiu Zhu, Junliang Deng, Yi Geng, Ping Ouyang, Weiming Lai, Zongjun Du, Xueqin Ni, Heng Yin, Jing Fang, Zhicai Zuo
Summary: Nickel (Ni) is a hazardous chemical waste that can cause multi-organs toxicity. The liver is the major target organ for Ni accumulation and toxicity, but the exact mechanism is still unclear. This study found that NiCl2 treatment induced hepatic histopathological changes and mitochondrial damage in mice. NiCl2 inhibited mitochondrial biogenesis and disrupted mitochondrial dynamics, leading to increased mitophagy in the liver. The molecular mechanism of NiCl2-induced hepatotoxicity involves dysfunction of mitochondrial biogenesis, dynamics, and mitophagy.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Feibo Xu, Yanfei Li, Zheng Cao, Jian Zhang, Wanyue Huang
Summary: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) contaminates foodstuffs and feeds, causing liver injury and mitochondrial dysfunction, which triggers mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and ultimately induces hepatic lesions.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Bowen Hu, Changbin Zhao, Xiangchun Pan, Haohui Wei, Guodong Mo, Mingjian Xian, Wen Luo, Qinghua Nie, Hongmei Li, Xiquan Zhang
Summary: During myoblast differentiation, local GHR acts as a control valve to enhance mitochondrial function by promoting mitochondrial biogenesis via IGF1-PI3K/AKT/CREB pathway.
CELL COMMUNICATION AND SIGNALING
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Kyung Hwa Kim
Summary: This study found that mitochondrial dysfunction is a key factor in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease. The peptide encoded within mitochondrial genome, mitochondria-derived peptide (MDP) humanin (HN), was shown to promote mitochondrial function and protect against Parkinson's disease. Treatment with HN peptide via the nasal route resulted in neuroprotection and behavioral recovery in an animal model of PD. Mechanistically, HN treatment induced activation of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway, leading to enhanced mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulation of mitochondrial gene expression.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Qiang Wang, Zeyuan Guan, Liangbo Qi, Jinjin Zhuang, Chen Wang, Sixing Hong, Ling Yan, Yan Wu, Xiaoqian Cao, Jianbo Cao, Junjie Yan, Tingting Zou, Zhu Liu, Delin Zhang, Chuangye Yan, Ping Yin
Summary: Sam37 stabilizes mature Tom40 mainly through electrostatic interactions, facilitating subsequent TOM assembly. These results support the b barrel switching model and offer structural insights into the assembly and release of b barrel complexes.
Correction
Cell Biology
Nikolaus Pfanner, Bettina Warscheid, Nils Wiedemann
Summary: A correction to the paper has been published, and more information can be found at the provided link.
NATURE REVIEWS MOLECULAR CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Chang Zhang, Xingyu Gao, Minghe Li, Xiao Yu, Fanke Huang, Yiming Wang, Yueqi Yan, Haiying Zhang, Yingai Shi, Xu He
Summary: The skin serves as the body's primary defense against environmental hazards and is susceptible to aging due to various internal and external factors. Mitochondria play a crucial role in maintaining skin health through processes such as mitochondrial dynamics, biogenesis, and mitophagy. This article reviews the factors causing skin aging, the impact of mitochondrial processes on aging, and the specific regulatory mechanisms involved.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Guo-Yan Sui, Feng Wang, Jin Lee, Yoon Seok Roh
Summary: This review focuses on the role of mitochondria in inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer, as well as the mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction leads to abnormal activation of inflammatory signaling pathways.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Lei Liu, Yanjun Li, Guo Chen, Quan Chen
Summary: Mitochondrial biogenesis and mitophagy are essential mechanisms for cellular energy regulation, and their coordinated regulation plays a crucial role in maintaining cellular homeostasis under physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Giovanni Fajardo, Michael Coronado, Melia Matthews, Daniel Bernstein
Summary: Alterations in mitochondrial function and morphology are critical adaptations to cardiovascular stress, working in concert in an attempt to restore organelle-level and cellular-level homeostasis. Processes that alter mitochondrial morphology include fission, fusion, mitophagy, and biogenesis, and these interact to maintain mitochondrial quality control. Both pathological stressors like ischemia and physiological stressors like aerobic exercise can induce morphologic adaptations in mitochondria, but with different outcomes for mitochondrial health. Understanding the mechanisms underlying alterations in mitochondrial quality control under diverse cardiovascular stressors can aid in developing pharmacologic interventions for restoring cellular homeostasis.
Review
Sport Sciences
Jeffrey A. Rothschild, Hashim Islam, David J. Bishop, Andrew E. Kilding, Tom Stewart, Daniel J. Plews
Summary: AMPK, a cellular energy sensor, plays a key role in metabolic adaptations to endurance training and its activation during exercise is influenced by factors such as exercise intensity, muscle glycogen, and fitness level. The study found that disrupting cellular energy charge is the most influential factor for AMPK activation during endurance exercise.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jujiao Kuang, Cian McGinley, Matthew J-C Lee, Nicholas J. Saner, Andrew Garnham, David J. Bishop
Summary: This study identified a major gap in previous research on molecular response to exercise, where the use of limited time-points within a short period post-exercise has led to an incomplete understanding of gene expression kinetics. The study also highlighted the importance of selecting appropriate muscle sampling timing, providing guidance for future research in exercise molecular biology.
Editorial Material
Physiology
Javier Botella, Evgeniia S. Motanova, David J. Bishop
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Javier Botella, Nicholas A. Jamnick, Cesare Granata, Amanda J. Genders, Enrico Perri, Tamim Jabar, Andrew Garnham, Michael Lazarou, David J. Bishop
Summary: Autophagy is an important mechanism for cells to degrade old or dysfunctional proteins and organelles. The effects of exercise on autophagosome content markers differ between rodents and humans. The decrease in LC3B-II protein levels induced by exercise in humans does not reflect a decreased autophagy flux.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Amanda J. Genders, Jujiao Kuang, Nicholas J. Saner, Javier Botella, David J. Bishop
Summary: Exercise training can increase mitochondrial content and respiration, but high-intensity exercise may be limited by mild acidosis. This study aimed to determine the effects of administering ammonium chloride before each exercise session on mitochondrial content and respiration in rats. The results showed that ammonium chloride administration reduced the exercise-induced increase in mitochondrial respiration in the soleus muscle but did not alter mitochondrial content. These effects were not observed in the white gastrocnemius muscle.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Maryssa P. Pinto Dos Santos, Higor Spineli, Bruna P. Dos Santos, Adriano E. Lima-Silva, Daniel L. G. Gitai, David J. Bishop, Gustavo Gomes de Araujo
Summary: This study investigated the influence of different genotypes of ADORA2A and CYP1A2, alone or in combination, on the ergogenic effects of caffeine on physical performance in male adolescent athletes. The results showed that acute caffeine intake of 6 mg/kg improved aspects of physical performance independent of genotypes.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Sport Sciences
Knut T. T. Schneiker, Jackson J. J. Fyfe, Shaun Y. M. Teo, David J. J. Bishop
Summary: This study aimed to compare the effects of contrast training (CST) and progressive resistance training (PRT) on strength and power-related measures in subelite Australian Rules Football players. The results showed that both CST and PRT significantly improved strength and power performance, with CST having a greater effect on vertical jump height and PRT increasing body mass. The study suggests that contrast training is an effective alternative to progressive resistance training in young, male, team-sport athletes, particularly those with a lower power-to-strength ratio, during relatively short-term (6-8 weeks) training periods.
JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH
(2023)
Review
Sport Sciences
Shane F. O'Riordan, David J. Bishop, Shona L. Halson, James R. Broatch
Summary: Sports compression garments can alter peripheral blood flow, improving venous blood flow at rest, during and in recovery from a physiological challenge, while changes in arterial blood flow are only evident during a physiological challenge.
Article
Physiology
Claire Thomas, Remi Delfour-Peyrethon, Karen Lambert, Cesare Granata, Thomas Hobbs, Christine Hanon, David J. J. Bishop
Summary: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-exercise alkalosis, induced via ingestion of sodium bicarbonate, on changes to lactate/pH regulatory proteins and mitochondrial function induced by a sprint-interval exercise session in humans. The results showed that ingestion of sodium bicarbonate increased blood bicarbonate and pH levels after exercise, and led to increases in lactate/pH regulatory proteins. Additionally, mitochondrial respiration was found to decrease after 24 hours of recovery in the sodium bicarbonate condition.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Javier Botella, Camilla T. Schytz, Thomas F. Pehrson, Rune Hokken, Simon Laugesen, Per Aagaard, Charlotte Suetta, Britt Christensen, Niels Ortenblad, Joachim Nielsen
Summary: This study investigated the mitochondrial structural characteristics in skeletal muscle of strength athletes compared to untrained controls. The results showed that strength athletes had increased mitochondrial cristae density, decreased mitochondrial size, and increased surface-to-volume ratio in their mitochondrial pool, despite similar mitochondrial volume density. In addition, resistance exercise led to mild mitochondrial stress but did not increase the number of damaged mitochondria. Moreover, the study found that acute resistance exercise increased the expression of markers of mitochondrial biogenesis, fission, and mitochondrial unfolded protein responses (UPRmt), and strength-trained individuals showed an enrichment of the UPRmt in their basal transcriptome. These findings suggest that strength athletes have a unique mitochondrial remodeling that minimizes the space required for mitochondria.
JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LONDON
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
James R. Broatch, Navabeh Zarekookandeh, Rebecca Glarin, Myrte Strik, Leigh A. Johnston, Bradford A. Moffat, Laura J. Bird, Kate Gunningham, Leonid Churilov, Hannah T. Johns, Christopher D. Askew, Itamar Levinger, Shane F. O'Riordan, David J. Bishop, Amy Brodtmann
Summary: This study aims to determine the effect of different doses of aerobic exercise training on markers of brain health in sedentary middle-aged adults, hypothesizing that high-intensity interval training (HIIT) will be more beneficial than moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT). The study will be conducted through a two-group parallel randomized trial, and the results will be disseminated through various channels.
Review
Sport Sciences
Javier Botella, Christopher S. Shaw, David J. Bishop
Summary: This article examines the differences in autophagy gene expression profiles between human and mouse skeletal muscle and how they may explain the divergent exercise-induced autophagy responses. It also summarizes transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic datasets to identify potential targets for autophagy regulation following exercise in humans. Recommendations are provided for using ex vivo autophagy flux assays to further understand the impact of exercise on autophagy regulation in humans.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Nicholas J. Saner, Matthew J-C. Lee, Nathan W. Pitchford, James R. Broatch, Greg D. Roach, David J. Bishop, Jonathan D. Bartlett
Summary: Sleep loss negatively affects mood state and alertness, while exercise can have a positive impact on them. However, this study found that even though high-intensity interval exercise was performed during sleep restriction, it did not mitigate the negative effects on mood, well-being, and alertness. Further research is needed to determine if alternative exercise sessions or protocols can have more positive outcomes during sleep restriction.
JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
David J. Bishop, Nolan J. Hoffman, Dale F. Taylor, Nicholas J. Saner, Matthew J. -C. Lee, John A. Hawley
Summary: The ability of skeletal muscle to adapt to repeated contractile stimuli involves various molecular processes, including increased protein activity and/or expression. Recent studies challenge the common assumption of a direct relationship between changes in the skeletal muscle transcriptome and proteome induced by repeated muscle contractions (e.g., exercise).
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
