Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Kai Wang, Ting Li, Xue Yang, Kai-Ling Zhang, Yu-Qin Jiang, Liang-Hua Zou, Yu-Shun Yang, Zhi-Gang Hu
Summary: In this study, a novel fluorescent probe, YT, was developed for monitoring sulfite fluctuations in biological applications. The probe demonstrated excellent performance in terms of rapid response, high sensitivity, and selectivity. It was successfully applied in living cells and mouse models.
SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Caden M. Henningfield, Miguel A. Arreola, Neelakshi Soni, Elizabeth E. Spangenberg, Kim N. Green
Summary: Previous studies indicate that microglial-expressed ApoE may not be necessary for plaque formation in Alzheimer's disease. However, it may play a role in plaque homeostasis in disease and synaptic maintenance under normal conditions.
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Hongliang He, Qinggong Han, Shi Wang, Mengmeng Long, Miao Zhang, Yan Li, Yu Zhang, Ning Gu
Summary: Persistent inflammation in atherosclerotic plaques is a crucial factor in plaque vulnerability and rupture. The proinflammatory microenvironment in the plaque, characterized by monocyte recruitment, oxidative stress, and impaired clearance of apoptotic cells, plays a significant role in perpetuating inflammation. Targeting and eliminating these proinflammatory features have emerged as a promising therapeutic approach to mitigate the progression of atherosclerosis.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Julia Leipner, Tsai-Sang Dederichs, Alexander von Ehr, Simon Rauterberg, Carolin Ehlert, Julian Merz, Bianca Dufner, Natalie Hoppe, Katja Krebs, Timo Heidt, Constantin von zur Muehlen, Peter Stachon, Klaus Ley, Dennis Wolf, Andreas Zirlik, Christoph Bode, Ingo Hilgendorf, Carmen Haerdtner
Summary: The study provides genetic evidence that selectively altering macrophage polarization induces a stable plaque phenotype in mice. Specific deletion of IRF5 in myeloid cells showed protective effects against atherosclerosis by altering plaque composition and reducing inflammatory gene expression. Though the plaque size was not reduced, the study suggests a potential therapeutic target in modulating macrophage function to stabilize atherosclerotic plaques.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Jessica Handke, Laura Kummer, Markus A. Weigand, Jan Larmann
Summary: The study found that preoperative expansion of Tregs can mitigate the destabilization of atherosclerotic plaques induced by surgical stress. This suggests that therapeutic expansion of Tregs prior to major surgery may help prevent cardiovascular events associated with non-cardiac surgery.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Xueyu Wang, Yahong Fu, Zulong Xie, Muhua Cao, Wenbo Qu, Xiangwen Xi, Shan Zhong, Minghui Piao, Xiang Peng, Ying Jia, Lingbo Meng, Jinwei Tian
Summary: The study utilized Fbn1(C1039G+/-)LDLR(-/-) mice as a model for atherosclerotic vulnerable plaques, showing that these mice exhibited numerous features of human advanced atherosclerotic unstable plaques after being fed a high-fat diet. This novel model provides insights into the pathological and physiological mechanisms of advanced atherosclerotic unstable plaques.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Jonathan J. Fox, Takao Hashimoto, Hector I. Navarro, Alejandro J. Garcia, Benjamin L. Shou, Andrew S. Goldstein
Summary: Aging is a significant risk factor for prostate disease, and understanding the dynamics of age-related changes in the prostate is crucial for interventions to slow down aging and reduce disease risk. Our study analyzed the immune cell composition in aging mouse prostate and found a shift from myeloid cells to T and B lymphocytes dominance during adulthood. Similar age-related inflammation features were observed in the mouse bladder but not in the kidney. This study provides new insights into the kinetics of prostatic aging and the potential effectiveness of interventions.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ping Lin, Hong-Hai Ji, Yan-Jie Li, Shou-Dong Guo
Summary: Atherosclerosis is a chronic disease characterized by the entry of monocytes into the subendothelium and their differentiation into macrophages. Macrophages in atherosclerotic plaques play crucial roles in plaque progression, with their phenotypic diversity influencing lesion size and stability. Targeting macrophages and their microenvironment may hold promise for treating atherosclerosis.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Nikolaos P. E. Kadoglou, Marianna Stasinopoulou, Evangelia Gkougkoudi, Eirini Christodoulou, Nikolaos Kostomitsopoulos, Georgia Valsami
Summary: Dabigatran etexilate and exercise training have complementary effects on the development and stability of atherosclerotic lesions in diabetic mice, mediated by anti-inflammatory modulation.
Article
Cell Biology
Myeongwoo Jung, Seungyeon Ryu, Chongtae Kim, Seongho Cha, Hoin Kang, Eunbyul Ji, Youlim Hong, Youngjoon Lee, Sukyoung Han, Seung Min Jeong, Wook Kim, Eun Kyung Lee
Summary: The RNA binding protein HuD plays a crucial role in gene expression and its dysregulation is associated with various diseases. This study investigated the differential expression of secretory proteins mediated by HuD in mouse insulinoma beta TC6 cells. The results identified endostatin and Serpin E1 as differentially expressed proteins regulated by HuD. HuD knockdown increased the expression of Col18a1, a precursor form of endostatin, and Serpin E1 by interacting with their 3’ untranslated regions. The study also revealed the role of HuD as a translational repressor. HuD downregulation in beta TC6 cells inhibited the growth and migration of islet endothelial cells, and the ectopic expression of HuD in mice affected the expression of Col18a1, Serpin E1, and markers of islet vascular cells.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Julia Hinterdobler, Simin Schott, Hong Jin, Almut Meesmann, Anna-Lena Steinsiek, Anna-Sophia Zimmermann, Jana Wobst, Philipp Mueller, Carina Mauersberger, Baiba Vilne, Alexandra Baecklund, Chien-Sin Chen, Aldo Moggio, Quinte Braster, Michael Molitor, Markus Krane, Wolfgang E. Kempf, Karl-Heinz Ladwig, Michael Hristov, Maarten Hulsmans, Ingo Hilgendorf, Christian Weber, Philip Wenzel, Christoph Scheiermann, Lars Maegdefessel, Oliver Soehnlein, Peter Libby, Matthias Nahrendorf, Heribert Schunkert, Thorsten Kessler, Hendrik B. Sager
Summary: This study reveals how acute mental stress exacerbates vascular inflammation and promotes plaque rupture. Acute stress increases the influx of inflammatory leucocytes into mouse atherosclerotic plaques by modulating endothelial cells. Chemical or surgical disruption of norepinephrine signaling reduces stress-induced leucocyte migration into mouse atherosclerotic plaques.
EUROPEAN HEART JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mengqi Yang, Huachen Jiao, Yan Li, Lei Zhang, Juan Zhang, Xia Zhong, Yitao Xue
Summary: Guanmaitong granule (GMTG), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been found to regulate serum lipid levels, inhibit inflammatory immune response, and reduce plaque burden and remodeling, showing potential anti-atherosclerosis effects.
DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY
(2022)
Review
Immunology
Yinxi Zhou, Jinghua Xia, Shuonan Xu, Tao She, Yanning Zhang, Ying Sun, Miaomiao Wen, Tao Jiang, Yanlu Xiong, Jie Lei
Summary: The development and growth of tumors pose a significant and ongoing threat to human life globally. Despite the remarkable progress achieved by advanced therapeutic strategies such as immune checkpoint therapy and CAR-T in treating solid and hematological malignancies, the malignant initiation and progression of cancer remains controversial and requires further research. Experimental animal models not only have great advantages in simulating tumor occurrence, development, and malignant transformation mechanisms, but also can be used to evaluate the therapeutic effects of diverse clinical interventions, gradually becoming indispensable in cancer research. This paper reviews recent research progress in mouse and rat models, focusing on spontaneous, induced, transgenic, and transplantable tumor models, aiming to provide guidance for future studies on malignant mechanisms and tumor prevention.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Qi Xiao, Rongyao Hou, Linlin Xie, Mengying Niu, Xudong Pan, Xiaoyan Zhu
Summary: Macrophages play a crucial role in the initiation, progression, and invasion of atherosclerotic plaques in atherosclerosis (AS). Metabolic reprogramming, driven by intrinsic macrophage alterations and extrinsic factors, determines macrophage function. Intrinsic mechanisms involve signal transduction pathways and metabolic enzyme activity, while extrinsic mechanisms involve lipids and cytokines in the plaque microenvironment. Targeting these pathways may alter the fate of vulnerable plaques.
CLINICAL AND TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Max Lenz, Christoph Kaun, Konstantin A. Krychtiuk, Patrick Haider, Mira Brekalo, Nadine Maier, Laura Goederle, Christoph J. Binder, Kurt Huber, Christian Hengstenberg, Johann Wojta, Philipp J. Hohensinner, Walter S. Speidl
Summary: The study found that nicorandil has a positive effect on stabilizing atherosclerotic plaque by reducing apoptosis.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Jessica C. Ralston, Kathleen A. J. Mitchelson, Gina M. Lynch, Tam T. T. Tran, Hao Wang, Conall R. Strain, Yvonne M. Lenighan, Elaine B. Kennedy, Catherine Stanton, Fiona C. McGillicuddy, Qiaozhu Su, Paul W. O'Toole, Helen M. Roche
Summary: Inflammatory signaling mediated by IL-1RI can alter metabolic tissue responses to dietary challenges. Recent research indicates that metabolic phenotype can be transferred between mice in a shared living environment due to gut microbiome exchange. The dominant IL-1RI(-/-) gut microbiome profile can be adopted by co-housed WT mice, leading to metabolic changes such as increased body weight and hepatic lipid accumulation.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Food Science & Technology
Sean Curley, Julie Gall, Rachel Byrne, Laurent Yvan-Charvet, Fiona C. McGillicuddy
Summary: Metabolic inflammation in obesity is closely related to disturbances in fatty acid and cholesterol metabolism. Elevated levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and decreased levels of high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol are common in obesity. The article explores how dyslipidemia contributes to metabolic inflammation and the synergistic partnership between cholesterol and fatty acids in driving this inflammation.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
S. Coveney, S. Murphy, O. Belton, T. Cassidy, M. Crowe, E. Dolan, M. de Gaetano, J. Harbison, G. Horgan, M. Marnane, J. J. McCabe, A. Merwick, I Noone, D. Williams, P. J. Kelly
Summary: The study found that inflammatory cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and hsCRP independently predicted one-year recurrent vascular events, with IL-6 and hsCRP also predicting one-year fatality. This suggests that baseline inflammatory cytokines can predict late recurrence and supports the rationale for randomized trials of anti-inflammatory agents for prevention after stroke, indicating targeted therapy to high-risk patients with high baseline inflammation may be beneficial.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Silvia Oggero, Monica de Gaetano, Simone Marcone, Stephen Fitzsimons, Andreia L. Pinto, Dinara Ikramova, Mary Barry, David Burke, Trinidad Montero-Melendez, Dianne Cooper, Thomas Burgoyne, Orina Belton, Lucy V. Norling, Eoin P. Brennan, Catherine Godson, Mauro Perretti
Summary: Extracellular vesicles released by mixed aggregates of monocytes and platelets have pro-inflammatory effects on endothelial cells and atherosclerotic plaques, and modulating platelet activation can alter the composition and actions of these vesicles, potentially providing therapeutic avenues for atherosclerosis treatment. Patients with coronary artery disease requiring intervention show elevated levels of specific EV subsets in plasma.
JOURNAL OF EXTRACELLULAR VESICLES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sarah Coveney, John J. McCabe, Sean Murphy, Orina Belton, Cleona Gray, Tim Cassidy, Eamon Dolan, Monica de Gaetano, Joe Harbison, Gillian Horgan, Michael Marnane, Aine Merwick, Imelda Noone, David J. Williams, Peter J. Kelly
Summary: The study found an association between acute plaque inflammation and symptomatic carotid atherosclerosis in TIA patients, as well as an association between high-sensitivity CRP and recurrent ischemic stroke within 90 days.
CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES
(2022)
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Tingyi Cao, Marcella E. O'Reilly, Caitlin Selvaggi, Esther Cynn, Heidi Lumish, Chenyi Xue, Anjali Jha, Muredach P. Reilly, Andrea S. Foulkes
Summary: The genetically regulated expression of non-conserved lincRNAs shows similar rates of association with complex cardiometabolic traits as conserved lincRNAs, challenging the conventional notion of conservation and highlighting the need for comprehensive strategies to study non-conserved lincRNAs in human disease.
JOURNAL OF HUMAN GENETICS
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Anne-Marie Howe, Sinead Burke, Marcella E. O'Reilly, Fiona C. McGillicuddy, Derek A. Costello
Summary: The relationship between obesity, neuroinflammation, and neurodegenerative diseases is well recognized. Dietary fats, specifically saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids, have different effects on inflammatory responses in the brain. Monounsaturated fatty acids may mitigate inflammation under obesogenic conditions.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sarina Kajani, Sean Curley, Marcella E. O'Reilly, Xiaofei Yin, Eugene T. Dillon, Weili Guo, Kanishka N. Nilaweera, Lorraine Brennan, Helen M. Roche, Fiona C. McGillicuddy
Summary: This study suggests that the use of the anti-inflammatory drug sodium salicylate (NaS) can mitigate the effects of high-fat diet-induced obesity on cholesterol transport, but it does not improve the high cholesterol levels in the blood. NaS can improve metabolic pathways by increasing fatty acid utilization in the liver and reducing hepatic cholesterol levels. However, NaS does not rescue the expression of the cholesterol transporter protein ABCG5/8.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jane Howard, Kieran Wynne, Evelin Moldenhauer, Paul Clarke, Ciaran Maguire, Stephanie Bollard, Xiaofei Yin, Lorraine Brennan, Louise Mooney, Stephen Fitzsimons, Melinda Halasz, Ester Rani Aluri, Dermot F. Brougham, Walter Kolch, Roisin M. Dwyer, Shirley Potter, Pamela Kelly, Amanda McCann
Summary: This study validates the application of the MISEV2018 guidelines in felines by isolating and characterizing EVs from both humans and felines. The results show similarities between human and feline EVs in terms of concentration, expression of known markers, and particle to protein ratios.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Chiara De Santi, Frances K. Nally, Remsha Afzal, Conor P. Duffy, Stephen Fitzsimons, Stephanie L. Annett, Tracy Robson, Jennifer K. Dowling, Sally-Ann Cryan, Claire E. McCoy
Summary: Macrophages are crucial in innate immunity, but can lead to inflammatory diseases if persistently in a pro-inflammatory state. Reprogramming macrophages towards an anti-inflammatory phenotype through targeting a mitochondrial enzyme like arginase 2 shows promise in modulating macrophage phenotype.
MOLECULAR THERAPY-NUCLEIC ACIDS
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mohammad Naimul Islam, Galina A. Gusarova, Shonit R. Das, Li Li, Eiji Monma, Murari Anjaneyulu, Liberty Mthunzi, Sadiqa K. Quadri, Edward Owusu-Ansah, Sunita Bhattacharya, Jahar Bhattacharya
Summary: Inhalation of pathogens causing acute lung injury (ALI) leads to high mortality. This study reveals that loss of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU) in alveolar type 2 cells (AT2) impairs mitochondrial calcium buffering and surfactant secretion, resulting in increased mortality in response to LPS instillation. MCU could be a potential therapeutic target for ALI.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Physiology
Liberty Mthunzi, Simon C. Rowan, Daria S. Kostyunina, John A. Baugh, Ulla G. Knaus, Paul Mcloughlin
Summary: Gremlin 1 is a critical factor that promotes M2-like polarization of macrophages, playing a key role in the development of chronic lung diseases such as pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary hypertension. The study found that Grem1 enhanced the M2-like polarization response of mouse macrophages and BMDMs to Th2 cytokines IL4 and IL13. Cellular experiments confirmed that Grem1 is required for M2-like polarization of macrophages.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-LUNG CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Moritz J. Strowitzki, Ross Nelson, Mario P. Garcia, Christopher Tuffs, Marc B. Bleul, Stephen Fitzsimons, Javier Navas, Ilona Uzieliene, Alina S. Ritter, David Phelan, Sarah J. Kierans, Alfonso Blanco, Eiva Bernotiene, Orina Belton, Martin Schneider, Eoin P. Cummins, Cormac T. Taylor
Summary: CO2, a major product of respiration, is poorly understood in terms of its biology. Elevated CO2 levels can suppress immune cell activity and migration, and affect macrophage activation through changes in intracellular pH. Patients with chronic lung diseases and elevated systemic CO2 display impaired wound healing and reduced intestinal macrophage infiltration.
JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Andrea S. Foulkes, Caitlin Selvaggi, Tingyi Cao, Marcella E. O'Reilly, Esther Cynn, Puyang Ma, Heidi Lumish, Chenyi Xue, Muredach P. Reilly
Summary: The study reveals that nonconserved lincRNAs are associated with a range of cardiometabolic traits at a rate similar to conserved lincRNAs, persisting across different conservation definitions. Approximately one-third of genome-wide association study-associated lincRNAs are nonconserved, increasing to about two-thirds with a more stringent conservation definition. The traditional notion of conservation prioritizing functional and translational follow-up of complex cardiometabolic genomic discoveries may need to be revised in light of the abundance of nonconserved long noncoding RNAs in the human genome.
ARTERIOSCLEROSIS THROMBOSIS AND VASCULAR BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Mohamad O. Ahmed, Rachel E. Byrne, Agnieszka Pazderska, Ricardo Segurado, Weili Guo, Anjuli Gunness, Isolda Frizelle, Mark Sherlock, Khalid S. Ahmed, Anne McGowan, Kevin Moore, Gerard Boran, Fiona C. McGillicuddy, James Gibney
Summary: The size of HDL particles, rather than the level of HDL-cholesterol, is independently associated with enhanced total CEC. Individuals with type 1 diabetes have larger HDL particle size, but even after adjustment, total and ABCA1-independent CEC are increased in type 1 diabetes.
