Article
Fisheries
Xuexi Wang, Min Jin, Xin Cheng, Xiaoying Hu, Mingming Zhao, Ye Yuan, Peng Sun, Lefei Jiao, Monica B. Betancor, Douglas R. Tocher, Qicun Zhou
Summary: The optimal dietary DHA/EPA ratios for mud crab S. paramamosa were estimated to be 2.2 and 1.2 when supplied with optimal n-3 LC-PUFA at 7% and 12% lipid, respectively. The DHA/EPA ratio affected weight gain, growth rate, lipid content, fatty acid composition, and gene expression levels in the mud crabs. Differences in dietary lipid levels also influenced the crabs' response to the DHA/EPA ratio.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bjorg Kristine Hundal, Esmail Lutfi, Trygve Sigholt, Grethe Rosenlund, Nina Sylvia Liland, Brett Glencross, Nini Hedberg Sissener
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of different levels of EPA and DHA on the hepatic metabolic health of Atlantic salmon reared in sea cages. The results showed that feeding low levels of EPA+DHA altered hepatic energy metabolism, resulting in reduced beta-oxidation and compensated by increased activity in alternative energy pathways. Increased acylcarnitines in the liver indicated issues with lipid metabolism. Fish fed higher levels of EPA+DHA showed improved growth compared to other groups.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Ajeet Singh Chauhan, Chiu-Wen Chen, Vaibhav Sunil Tambat, Reeta Rani Singhania, Jo-Shu Chang, Cheng-Di Dong, Anil Kumar Patel
Summary: Recent studies have shown that the thraustochytrid can be used as a sustainable alternative to fish oil or polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) sources. This study aims to maximize PUFA yield by optimizing the glucose carbon and nitrogen ratio, and found that the highest biomass and lipid yields were obtained at a glucose concentration of 40 g/L. However, the highest yields of relative lipid, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), and docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) were obtained at a glucose concentration of 30 g/L.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ariadna Gomez-Vilarrubla, Berta Mas-Pares, Gemma Carreras-Badosa, Mariona Jove, Rebeca Berdun, Alexandra Bonmati-Santane, Francis de Zegher, Lourdes Ibanez, Abel Lopez-Bermejo, Judit Bassols
Summary: During pregnancy, the transfer of maternal polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) to the fetus through the placenta plays a role in the development of obesity. This study examined the associations between long chain PUFA (LC-PUFA) measured in the placenta at birth and obesity-related parameters in offspring at 6 years of age. A higher placental arachidonic acid/eicosapentaenoic acid ratio was found to be positively associated with visceral adiposity and obesity risk parameters, especially in subjects with higher expressions of placental fatty acid transporters. These findings emphasize the potential role of n-6 and n-3 LC-PUFA in the fetal programming of obesity risk in childhood.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Hrishikesh Laddha, Pratik R. Pawar, Gunjan Prakash
Summary: Thraustochytrids are often grown on hydrophilic substrates through de novo fermentation, while the fatty acid composition of produced oil can be altered by using waste acid oil for ex novo fermentation; integrating de novo and ex novo fermentation modes can achieve high biomass and lipids enriched in DHA.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Silvia Savastio, Erica Pozzi, Valentina Mancioppi, Valentina Boggio Sola, Deborah Carrera, Valentina Antoniotti, Paola Antonia Corsetto, Gigliola Montorfano, Angela Maria Rizzo, Marco Bagnati, Ivana Rabbone, Flavia Prodam
Summary: This study aimed to explore the relationship between metabolic control, vitamin D status, and the AA/EPA ratio in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). The study found that the AA/EPA ratio has an impact on insulin demand and vitamin D levels in T1D children. Additionally, the composition of the diet may affect the severity of T1D onset.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Fang Wu, Dan-Dan Wang, Hao-Hao Shi, Cheng-Cheng Wang, Chang-Hu Xue, Yu-Ming Wang, Tian-Tian Zhang
Summary: Early dietary n-3 PUFA deficiency exacerbates the development of Parkinson's disease in old age, while supplementation with DHA/EPA-PLs can restore brain DHA levels and exert neuroprotective effects in long-term n-3 PUFA-deficient mice.
MOLECULAR NUTRITION & FOOD RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Elisa Felix-Soriano, Neira Sainz, Eva Gil-Iturbe, Maria Collantes, Marta Fernandez-Galilea, Rosa Castilla-Madrigal, Lucy Ly, Jesmond Dalli, Maria J. Moreno-Aliaga
Summary: The dysfunction of brown adipose tissue (BAT) in aging and obesity may be related to a decrease in production of specialized proresolving lipid mediators (SPMs), especially under chronic unresolved inflammation. While a diet rich in docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can partially restore BAT dysfunction, it does not significantly alter the levels of specific SPMs. Despite increasing DHA-derived SPMs, it does not improve the response of BAT to cold exposure in obese-aged mice.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Patrick Schaedel, Mareike Wichmann-Costaganna, Anna Czapka, Nadja Gebert, Alessandro Ori, Oliver Werz
Summary: Aging is accompanied by changes in the inflammatory microenvironment, which are tightly regulated by a complex network of inflammatory mediators. Excessive calorie consumption contributes to age-related diseases, while limited nutrient availability may lead to systemic health-promoting adaptations. Short-term caloric restriction (CR) has geroprotective effects on the liver of aged mice, altering the release of immunomodulatory mediators and shifting the production of lipid mediators towards those with inflammation-resolving features.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Chelsey Walchuk, Yidi Wang, Miyoung Suh
Summary: Metabolic syndrome is a cluster of cardiovascular risk factors, including obesity, insulin resistance, and dyslipidaemia. Consumption of a high-fat diet can lead to the accumulation of ceramide, which may contribute to metabolic syndrome. Studies suggest that EPA and DHA have the potential to improve metabolic syndrome parameters, but evidence from human studies is limited.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Sarah B. Scheinman, Dhavamani Sugasini, Monay Zayed, Poorna C. R. Yalagala, Felecia M. Marottoli, Papasani V. Subbaiah, Leon M. Tai
Summary: Research suggests that LPC-DHA/EPA-enriched krill oil can increase brain DHA and improve memory-related behavior in mice with the APOE4 gene. Therefore, long-term use of LT-krill oil supplements may provide some level of protection against age-related neurodegeneration.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Ecology
Cyril Rigaud, Kimmo K. Kahilainen, Marco L. Calderini, Matthias Pilecky, Martin J. Kainz, Marja Tiirola, Sami J. Taipale
Summary: Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are critical for reproduction and thermal adaptation in fish. In a study on European perch in a boreal lake, the expression of the fatty acid desaturase 2 (fads2) gene in the liver was found to vary with individual size, sex, and maturity, as well as the stable isotopes values and fatty acids content in their diet. The production of ARA and DHA, two important PUFA, was limited to the summer months, but perch required more of these fatty acids during winter when their muscle content was higher. The expression of fads2 in perch liver increased during winter, particularly in mature females, who stored DHA in their gonads even before the spawning season in spring. These findings suggest that perch can regulate the biosynthesis of physiologically required PUFA in response to stress or high energetic demand.
Article
Engineering, Chemical
Giovanni L. Russo, Antonio L. Langellotti, Thierry Blasco, Maria Oliviero, Raffaele Sacchi, Paolo Masi
Summary: Osmotic dehydration is crucial in producing dried fruits and vegetables in the food industry. The study utilized spent osmotic solution from the candied fruit industry as an organic carbon source for producing DHA in Aurantiochytrium mangrovei RCC893. Optimization of growth conditions and a scale-up trial were conducted to evaluate the process scalability.
Article
Chemistry, Applied
Xuexi Wang, Min Jin, Xin Cheng, Xiaoying Hu, Mingming Zhao, Ye Yuan, Peng Sun, Lefei Jiao, Douglas R. Tocher, Monica B. Betancor, Qicun Zhou
Summary: The study showed that dietary DHA/EPA ratio can impact the lipid molecular species and fatty acid positional distribution in mud crab hepatopancreas. An optimal ratio can increase specific lipid contents and affect esterified site distribution.
Article
Microbiology
Carla Almendariz-Palacios, Dauenpen Meesapyodsuk, Xiao Qiu
Summary: The AT-like domain of the PUFA synthase in Thraustochytrium does not function as a malonyl-CoA:ACP transacylase, rather it acts as a thioesterase, potentially catalyzing the last step of VLCPUFA biosynthesis by releasing freshly synthesized VLCPUFAs attached to ACP domains of the PUFA synthase.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Coralie Amadou, Oumarou Nabi, Lawrence Serfaty, Karine Lacombe, Jerome Boursier, Philippe Mathurin, Celine Ribet, Victor de Ledinghen, Marie Zins, Marie-Aline Charles
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas H. Tranah, Maria-Pilar Ballester, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Rajiv Jalan, Debbie L. Shawcross
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas H. Tranah, Maria-Pilar Ballester, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Rajiv Jalan, Debbie L. Shawcross
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas H. Tranah, Maria-Pilar Ballester, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Rajiv Jalan, Debbie L. Shawcross
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Daniel Q. Huang, Philippe Mathurin, Helena Cortez-Pinto, Rohit Loomba
Summary: Global alcohol consumption has increased, leading to a rise in the incidence of alcohol-associated cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Heavy alcohol consumption is a major cause of morbidity and mortality. Measures are needed to reduce the burden of alcohol-related liver diseases.
NATURE REVIEWS GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Debbie L. Shawcross, Florence Wong
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Pengcheng Tu, Qiong Tang, Zhe Mo, Huixia Niu, Yang Hu, Lizhi Wu, Zhijian Chen, Xiaofeng Wang, Bei Gao
Summary: Mounting evidence has shown that berries have various health benefits. This study demonstrated that the administration of black raspberries can change the gut microbiota and its functional metabolites, resulting in a reduction of arsenic-induced toxicity. These findings suggest that the interactions between black raspberries and arsenic exposure occur through the gut microbiota, and modulating the gut microbiota and its metabolites could contribute to the protective effects of black raspberries against arsenic toxicity.
Article
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Richard J. Aspinall, Mark Hudson, Stephen D. Ryder, Paul Richardson, Elizabeth Farrington, Mark Wright, Robert T. Przemioslo, Francisco Perez, Melanie Kent, Roland Henrar, Joe Hickey, Debbie L. Shawcross
Summary: In clinical practice in the UK, the use of RFX in patients with HE was associated with a 35% survival rate, high treatment adherence, 76% transplant-free survival rate, minimal healthcare resource utilization, and low rates of complications at 5 years post-initiation.
FRONTLINE GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Debbie L. Shawcross, Dominique Thabut, Piero Amodio
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bei Gao, Lixia Chen, Weichen Xu, Jinjun Shan, Weishou Shen, Nan Gao
Summary: PFOA affects gut microbiota and metabolites, potentially leading to negative health effects.
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bei Gao, Haoyu Liu
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Qiong Tang, Sishan Wei, Xiangyi He, Xiaodong Zheng, Fei Tao, Pengcheng Tu, Bei Gao
Summary: This study developed a lutein-rich functional beverage from marigold, which showed significant effects in relieving visual fatigue, improving crystalline lens turbidity symptoms, and increasing hepatic antioxidant enzyme activities. This beverage can effectively enhance the overall antioxidant capacity of lenses and alleviate visual fatigue.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ying Zhang, Dinesh K. Barupal, Sili Fan, Bei Gao, Chao Zhu, Ann M. Flenniken, Colin Mckerlie, Lauryl M. J. Nutter, Kevin C. Kent Lloyd, Oliver Fiehn
Summary: The effects of loss-of-function mutations in 30 different gene knockout lines on plasma metabolites were investigated, revealing significant genotype effects on plasma metabolites in 22% of the 23,698 knockout vs wildtype comparison tests, and sexually dimorphic changes in many metabolites in knockout lines. The study emphasizes the importance of considering sex as a critical factor in the biological interpretation of gene functions.
Letter
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Thomas H. Tranah, Maria-Pilar Ballester, Juan Antonio Carbonell-Asins, Rajiv Jalan, Debbie L. Shawcross
JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Infectious Diseases
Blair Merrick, Chrysi Sergaki, Lindsey Edwards, David L. Moyes, Michael Kertanegara, Desiree Prossomariti, Debbie L. Shawcross, Simon D. Goldenberg
Summary: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) presents a significant burden to the global healthcare system, particularly in Gram-negative organisms such as extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (ESBL and CPE). These pathogens have limited treatment options, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Manipulating the gut microbiota through various methods, including diet, probiotics, bacteriophages, and fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), can effectively restore colonization resistance and limit the spread of AMR organisms.
INFECTIOUS DISEASE REPORTS
(2023)
