Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Osama Abo Alrob, Ramzi A. Al-Horani, Zaid Altaany, Mohammad B. Nusair
Summary: This study suggests that the combination of a low-fat diet and resveratrol has a synergistic beneficial effect in reducing body weight and enhancing glucose and fatty acid metabolism.
MEDICINA-LITHUANIA
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose Alberto Molina-Tijeras, Antonio Jesus Ruiz-Malagon, Laura Hidalgo-Garcia, Patricia Diez-Echave, Maria Jesus Rodriguez-Sojo, Maria de la Luz Cadiz-Gurrea, Antonio Segura-Carretero, Jose Perez del Palacio, Maria Reyes Gonzalez-Tejero, Maria Elena Rodriguez-Cabezas, Julio Galvez, Alba Rodriguez-Nogales, Teresa Vezza, Francesca Algieri
Summary: Obesity, a global public health problem, is increasing in prevalence rate. Plant-based treatments, such as Lavandula multifida extract (LME), have been gaining attention as a means to manage obesity and its comorbidities. In this study, LME was found to reduce weight gain, improve insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance, decrease inflammation in the liver and adipose tissue, regulate gut permeability, and reduce oxidative stress. These findings suggest that LME may be a promising supplementary approach for managing obesity and its comorbidities.
Article
Biology
Amanda E. Brandon, Lewin Small, Tuong-Vi Nguyen, Eurwin Suryana, Henry Gong, Christian Yassmin, Sarah E. Hancock, Tamara Pulpitel, Sophie Stonehouse, Letisha Prescott, Melkam A. Kebede, Belinda Yau, Lake-Ee Quek, Greg M. Kowalski, Clinton R. Bruce, Nigel Turner, Gregory J. Cooney
Summary: Obesity is generally associated with insulin resistance and increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes, but there is a subset of obese individuals who remain insulin sensitive. Recent research suggests that high carbohydrate diets can cause obesity in mice without glucose intolerance. This study found that dietary manipulation can influence insulin action independently of adiposity, and specific ceramide species may be associated with these differences.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Robert A. DiSilvestro, Susan Olivo Marston, Autumn Zimmerman, Elizabeth Joseph, Carolynn Boeh McCarty
Summary: Research suggests that GLA may affect resting metabolic rate and help with weight control. However, in overweight young adults with a family history of obesity, borage oil did not affect resting metabolic rate but could improve blood lipid measures.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Soghra Bagheri, Samaneh Zolghadri, Agata Stanek
Summary: Obesity is linked to metabolic abnormalities, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. The rate of obesity has increased in recent decades, and there is a connection between obesity and the gut microbiota. Inflammation plays a role in this connection. Anti-inflammatory nutrients, foods, and diets are important in managing obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Claudia Vetrani, Ludovica Verde, Annamaria Colao, Luigi Barrea, Giovanna Muscogiuri
Summary: High adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, particularly the consumption of fish, is associated with decreased insulin resistance in individuals with overweight/obesity.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Domenico Trico, Diego Moriconi, Rossana Berta, Simona Baldi, Alfredo Quinones-Galvan, Letizia Guiducci, Stefano Taddei, Andrea Mari, Monica Nannipieri
Summary: This study compared the effects of a balanced Mediterranean diet and a low-carbohydrate diet on weight loss and glucose homeostasis in morbidly obese individuals at high risk for diabetes. It was found that the low-carbohydrate diet was more effective for short-term weight loss, while both diets were similar in improving insulin resistance and insulin clearance. Further research is needed to compare their long-term efficacy and safety.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Amanda A. Greenwell, Christina T. Saed, Seyed Amirhossein Tabatabaei Dakhili, Kim L. Ho, Keshav Gopal, Jordan S. F. Chan, Oksana O. Kaczmar, Scott A. Dyer, Farah Eaton, Gary D. Lopaschuk, Rami Al Batran, John R. Ussher
Summary: Ketogenic diets did not effectively promote fat loss or improve glucose homeostasis in obese mice, while a low-fat and high-complex carbohydrate diet resulted in beneficial changes in body composition and improved glucose tolerance. Therefore, caution should be taken when considering ketogenic diets as a non-pharmacological strategy for obesity.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-ENDOCRINOLOGY AND METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Siqi Li, Mengqian Wang, Chang Li, Qingjia Meng, Yantong Meng, Jian Ying, Shuqun Bai, Qun Shen, Yong Xue
Summary: This study found that partly milled highland barley (PHB) can regulate the serum glucose and lipid disorders of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and has the potential to modulate gut microbiota. PHB supplementation reduced fasting blood glucose and improved oral glucose tolerance. PHB also prevented HFD-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis, enriching beneficial bacteria and reducing HFD-dependent taxa.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Michalina Banaszak, Ilona Gorna, Juliusz Przyslawski
Summary: Plant-based diets are gaining popularity due to their environmental and health benefits. Vegetarians consume more fruits, vegetables, and fiber compared to omnivores, resulting in better nutrition knowledge, increased lifespan, and a lower risk of chronic diseases.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Megan M. Kelsey, Allison Hilkin, Laura Pyle, Cameron Severn, Kristina Utzschneider, Rachael E. Van Pelt, Philip S. Zeitler, Kristen J. Nadeau
Summary: Metformin treatment during puberty in obese youth improved BMI and body fat, but did not affect insulin sensitivity or beta-cell function. High DI in early puberty may predict a decline in DI later on, highlighting the need for further research on preserving beta-cell function in at-risk youth for type 2 diabetes.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM
(2021)
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Samuel Klein, Randy J. Seeley
Summary: Many individuals with obesity and type 2 diabetes experience diabetes remission after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery, but there is disagreement regarding the underlying mechanisms. We present our perspective on conflicting datasets suggesting that the remission could be attributed solely to weight loss or weight loss-independent factors.
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Karolina Lagowska, Karina Kapczuk
Summary: This study aimed to assess the effects of a low glycemic index weight-reducing diet with or without Lactobacillus rhamnosus supplementation on women with PCOS. The results showed significant reductions in weight, body mass index, fat mass, and waist circumference after twenty weeks of intervention in both groups, but no significant differences between the groups were observed. In the D group, testosterone levels and free androgen index decreased significantly.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Eun Kim, Jun Soo Park, Min Seop Kim, Min Young Jeong, Hyun Jin Park, Jun Hyuk Choi, Jae Hee Seo, Yong Seok Choi, Myung Joo Kang
Summary: This study successfully designed a high-payload topical preparation of Centella asiatica using nanocrystallization technique, which showed higher accumulation in the skin layer and better skin absorption profile, with no signs of irritation in normal rats.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOMEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Xiaozhong Huang, Qingguo Cao, Cen Chen, Zhenglin Xie, Jinshan Fan
Summary: This study investigates the effects of fermented barley extracts on obesity and inflammatory responses, and suggests that these extracts could be beneficial in improving inflammatory status and gut microflora.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Jesus Fernandez-Felipe, Maria Valencia-Avezuela, Beatriz Merino, Beatriz Somoza, Victoria Cano, Ana B. Sanz-Martos, Laura M. Frago, Maria S. Fernandez-Alfonso, Mariano Ruiz-Gayo, Julie A. Chowen
Summary: This study found that diets rich in fatty acids can increase body weight and adiposity, even without increased energy intake. Different intake of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids can differentially modify metabolic parameters. Further research is needed to understand how specific nutrients affect metabolism and obesity-associated complications.
NUTRITIONAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Francisco Javier Manzano-Lista, Marta Sanz-Gomez, Daniel Gonzalez-Moreno, Elena Vega-Martin, Marta Gil-Ortega, Angela Schulz, Miguel Angel Rubio, Gema Ruiz-Hurtado, Luis Miguel Ruilope, Isabel Aranguez, Reinhold Kreutz, Maria S. Fernandez-Alfonso
Summary: Arterial stiffness is a common complication in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Imbalance between BMP-2 and BMP-7 may contribute to the development of kidney damage, hypertension, and increased pulse wave velocity (PWV) in CKD patients. This study found that BMP-2 levels were higher, while BMP-7 levels were lower in CKD patients compared to controls, and this imbalance was associated with higher blood pressure and PWV. The expression of related proteins in kidney and perivascular adipose tissues (PVAT) was also abnormal, indicating a potential role in vascular damage.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Quentin Sastourne-Arrey, Maxime Mathieu, Xavier Contreras, Sylvie Monferran, Virginie Bourlier, Marta Gil-Ortega, Enda Murphy, Claire Laurens, Audrey Varin, Christophe Guissard, Corinne Barreau, Mireille Andre, Noemie Juin, Marie Marques, Benoit Chaput, Cedric Moro, Donal O'Gorman, Louis Casteilla, Amandine Girousse, Coralie Sengenes
Summary: Fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAPs) are crucial for skeletal muscle regeneration, and recent research has shown that a subset of FAP-like cells released from subcutaneous adipose tissue (ScAT) plays a role in this process. These cells, known as adipose stromal cells (ASCs), infiltrate the injured muscle through a platelet-dependent mechanism and contribute to the heterogeneity of FAPs. Blocking ASCs infiltration or removing ASCs tissue source impairs muscle regeneration, highlighting the importance of ScAT as a physiological reservoir of regenerative cells.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose-Luis Rodriguez, Paola Berrios, Zoyla-Mirella Clavo, Manuel Marin-Bravo, Luis Inostroza-Ruiz, Mariella Ramos-Gonzalez, Miguel Quispe-Solano, Maria S. Fernandez-Alfonso, Olga Palomino, Luis Goya
Summary: It is proposed that oxidative stress is a pathogenic mechanism for cytotoxicity and cardiovascular and neuronal diseases. This study evaluated the antioxidant and cytoprotective capacity of Desmodium tortuosum (D. tortuosum) extract in cell lines subjected to oxidative stress induced by t-BOOH. The results showed that D. tortuosum extract was able to reduce the oxidative and cytotoxic effects induced by t-BOOH, possibly due to its high content of phenolic compounds.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Juan Corral-Perez, Martin Alcala, Daniel Velazquez-Diaz, Alejandro Perez-Bey, Maria A. Vazquez-Sanchez, Maria Calderon-Dominguez, Cristina Casals, Jesus G. Ponce-Gonzalez
Summary: This study aims to analyze the associations between physical activity and sedentary behavior with oxidative stress and inflammatory markers in a young adult population, with sex-specific differences observed. The findings suggest that women have better redox and inflammatory status compared to men, while oxidative stress markers are only associated with physical activity and sedentary behaviors in men.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fabiola Alvarez-Gallego, Raquel Gonzalez-Blazquez, Marta Gil-Ortega, Beatriz Somoza, Maria Calderon-Dominguez, Javier Moratinos, Virginia Garcia-Garcia, Paloma Fernandez, Daniel Gonzalez-Moreno, Marta Viana, Martin Alcala
Summary: AT2R activation increases BAT mass and activity, reduces tissue inflammation and oxidative stress in obesity. It enhances insulin sensitivity and improves vascular responsiveness, showing potential therapeutic value in the treatment of obesity.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Giuseppe Mancia, Reinhold Kreutz, Mattias Brunstrom, Michel Burnier, Guido Grassi, Andrzej Januszewicz, Maria Lorenza Muiesan, Konstantinos Tsioufis, Enrico Agabiti-Rosei, Engi Abd Elhady Algharably, Michel Azizi, Athanase Benetos, Claudio Borghi, Jana Brguljan Hitij, Renata Cifkova, Antonio Coca, Veronique Cornelissen, J. Kennedy Cruickshank, Pedro G. Cunha, A. H. Jan Danser, Rosa Maria de Pinho, Christian Delles, Anna F. Dominiczak, Maria Dorobantu, Michalis Doumas, Maria S. Fernandez-Alfonso, Jean-Michel Halimi, Zoltan Jarai, Bojan Jelakovic, Jens Jordan, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Stephane Laurent, Dragan Lovic, Empar Lurbe, Felix Mahfoud, Athanasios Manolis, Marius Miglinas, Krzystof Narkiewicz, Teemu Niiranen, Paolo Palatini, Gianfranco Parati, Atul Pathak, Alexandre Persu, Jorge Polonia, Josep Redon, Pantelis Sarafidis, Roland Schmieder, Bart Spronck, Stella Stabouli, George Stergiou, Stefano Taddei, Costas Thomopoulos, Maciej Tomaszewski, Philippe Van de Borne, Christoph Wanner, Thomas Weber, Bryan Williams, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Sverre E. Kjeldsen, Int Soc Hypertension ISH, European Renal Assoc ERA
Summary: This is an article introducing a list of document reviewers from various countries such as Mexico, Greece, Turkey, Brazil, Lebanon, and more.
JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Santiago Ruvira, Pilar Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Silvia Canas, David Ramiro-Cortijo, Yolanda Aguilera, David Munoz-Valverde, Silvia M. Arribas
Summary: A protocol using small gelatin cubes to train rats was developed, and most animals were easily trained to accept the gelatin cube in 2-3 days. Sex and fasting influenced the acceptance rate, while flavoring and sweeteners did not. Rats trained with the gelatin-based supplement during lactation showed no problems with their pups.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Diego Valor, Antonio Montes, Maria Calderon-Dominguez, Inass Aghziel, Ismael Sanchez-Gomar, Martin Alcala, Ma Carmen Duran-Ruiz, Clara Pereyra
Summary: Submicron particles were produced from an ethanolic extract of Myrtus communnis leaves using supercritical carbon dioxide technology. The particles had small sizes, quasi-spherical shape, and high antioxidant activity. It was also observed that increasing pressure and temperature resulted in smaller particle sizes.
Article
Physiology
Raquel Gonzalez-Blazquez, Marta Gil-Ortega, Martin Alcala, Daniel Gonzalez-Moreno, Marta Viana, Julie A. Chowen, Marta Sanz-Gomez, Maria S. Fernandez-Alfonso, Beatriz Somoza
Summary: This study aimed to investigate if replacing a high-fat diet with a standard diet for a short period could reverse obesity-induced endothelial dysfunction through AMPK-CREB activation. The results showed that improving dietary intake significantly improved vascular function and the antioxidant system mediated by the AMPK/CREB signaling pathway.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Patricia Azocar, Marisela Valdes-Gonzalez, Barbara B. Garrido-Suarez, Maria S. Fernandez-Alfonso, Gabino Garrido
Summary: The study found a high prevalence of self-medication among university students majoring in medical and biological sciences, with women being more likely to self-medicate. The main reasons for self-medication were the knowledge acquired through their curriculum and previous experiences. Pharmacies, friends, relatives, and home medicine cabinets were the most common sources for acquiring medications.
JOURNAL OF PHARMACY & PHARMACOGNOSY RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
M. Sanz-Gomez, F. J. Manzano-Lista, E. Vega-Martin, D. Gonzalez-Moreno, M. Alcala, M. Gil-Ortega, B. Somoza, C. Pizzamiglio, L. M. Ruilope, I. Aranguez, P. Kolkhof, R. Kreutz, M. S. Fernandez-Alfonso
Summary: The non-steroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) finerenone (FIN) improves kidney and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in type 2 diabetes (T2D). The study explores the effect of FIN in a new rat model of type 1 diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and finds that it reduces inflammation, fibrosis, and osteogenic factors, leading to improvements in kidney and vascular damage.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)