Emerging therapies in Parkinson disease — repurposed drugs and new approaches

Alpha-synuclein delays mitophagy and targeting Miro rescues neuron loss in Parkinson’s models

(2018) Atossa Shaltouki et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Overexpression of TFEB Drives a Pleiotropic Neurotrophic Effect and Prevents Parkinson’s Disease-Related Neurodegeneration

(2018) Albert Torra et al.   MOLECULAR THERAPY

Targeted Therapies for Parkinson's Disease: From Genetics to the Clinic

(2018) S. Pablo Sardi et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Disease Modification in Parkinson's Disease: Current Approaches, Challenges, and Future Considerations

(2018) Anthony E. Lang et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

GBA1 deficiency negatively affects physiological α-synuclein tetramers and related multimers

(2018) Sangjune Kim et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

Near-infrared deep brain stimulation via upconversion nanoparticle–mediated optogenetics

(2018) Shuo Chen et al.   SCIENCE

Safety and Tolerability of Multiple Ascending Doses of PRX002/RG7935, an Anti–α-Synuclein Monoclonal Antibody, in Patients With Parkinson Disease

(2018) Joseph Jankovic et al.   JAMA Neurology

LRRK2 activity does not dramatically alter α-synuclein pathology in primary neurons

(2018) Michael X. Henderson et al.   Acta Neuropathologica Communications

β2-adrenoreceptor medications and risk of Parkinson disease

(2018) Susan Searles Nielsen et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

LRRK2 activation in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease

(2018) Roberto Di Maio et al.   Science Translational Medicine

143rd Annual Meeting American Neurological Association

(2018)   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

The unlikely partnership between LRRK2 and α-synuclein in Parkinson's disease

(2018) Noémie Cresto et al.   EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Achieving neuroprotection with LRRK2 kinase inhibitors in Parkinson disease

(2017) Andrew B. West   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Implantation of autologous peripheral nerve grafts into the substantia nigra of subjects with idiopathic Parkinson's disease treated with bilateral STN DBS: a report of safety and feasibility

(2017) Craig G. van Horne et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSURGERY

Exenatide once weekly versus placebo in Parkinson's disease: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

(2017) Dilan Athauda et al.   LANCET

Statins may facilitate Parkinson's disease: Insight gained from a large, national claims database

(2017) Guodong Liu et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Targeting α-Synuclein as a therapy for Parkinson's disease: The battle begins

(2017) C. Warren Olanow et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Motor complications in Parkinson's disease: Striatal molecular and electrophysiological mechanisms of dyskinesias

(2017) Barbara Picconi et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Human iPS cell-derived dopaminergic neurons function in a primate Parkinson’s disease model

(2017) Tetsuhiro Kikuchi et al.   NATURE

α-synuclein toxicity in neurodegeneration: mechanism and therapeutic strategies

(2017) Yvette C Wong et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Selective neuronal vulnerability in Parkinson disease

(2017) D. James Surmeier et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Non-motor features of Parkinson disease

(2017) Anthony H.V. Schapira et al.   NATURE REVIEWS NEUROSCIENCE

Randomized trial of preladenant, given as monotherapy, in patients with early Parkinson disease

(2017) Fabrizio Stocchi et al.   NEUROLOGY

The Retromer Supports AMPA Receptor Trafficking During LTP

(2017) Paul Temkin et al.   NEURON

A Molecular Tweezer Ameliorates Motor Deficits in Mice Overexpressing α-Synuclein

(2017) Franziska Richter et al.   Neurotherapeutics

Glucosylceramide synthase inhibition alleviates aberrations in synucleinopathy models

(2017) S. Pablo Sardi et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

A natural product inhibits the initiation of α-synuclein aggregation and suppresses its toxicity

(2017) Michele Perni et al.   PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

β2-Adrenoreceptor is a regulator of the α-synuclein gene driving risk of Parkinson’s disease

(2017) Shuchi Mittal et al.   SCIENCE

Phase IIb Study of Intranasal Glutathione in Parkinson’s Disease

(2017) Laurie K. Mischley et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Brain iron chelation by deferiprone in a phase 2 randomised double-blinded placebo controlled clinical trial in Parkinson’s disease

(2017) Antonio Martin-Bastida et al.   Scientific Reports

Mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 is neuroprotective in the A53T-α-synuclein rat model of Parkinson’s disease

(2017) Simone Bido et al.   Scientific Reports

Physiology of freezing of gait

(2016) Anke H. Snijders et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Statin therapy prevents the onset of Parkinson disease in patients with diabetes

(2016) Kun-Der Lin et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP) receptor as a therapeutic target in Parkinson's disease: mechanisms of action

(2016) Dilan Athauda et al.   DRUG DISCOVERY TODAY

A critical role for alpha-synuclein in development and function of T lymphocytes

(2016) Afshin Shameli et al.   IMMUNOBIOLOGY

Parkinson's disease: acid-glucocerebrosidase activity and alpha-synuclein clearance

(2016) Judith Blanz et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Rivastigmine for gait stability in patients with Parkinson's disease (ReSPonD): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial

(2016) Emily J Henderson et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Neuroprotective Effect of the Marine-Derived Compound 11-Dehydrosinulariolide through DJ-1-Related Pathway in In Vitro and In Vivo Models of Parkinson’s Disease

(2016) Chien-Wei Feng et al.   Marine Drugs

Pioglitazone ameliorates the phenotype of a novel Parkinson’s disease mouse model by reducing neuroinflammation

(2016) Milena Pinto et al.   Molecular Neurodegeneration

Neuroprotective Effects of a Standardized Flavonoid Extract from Safflower against a Rotenone-Induced Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

(2016) Nuramatjan Ablat et al.   MOLECULES

A Phase 2A Trial of the Novel mGluR5-Negative Allosteric Modulator Dipraglurant for Levodopa-Induced Dyskinesia in Parkinson's Disease

(2016) François Tison et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease

(2016) Ronald F. Pfeiffer   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Pathological  -synuclein transmission initiated by binding lymphocyte-activation gene 3

(2016) X. Mao et al.   SCIENCE

Nilotinib Effects in Parkinson’s disease and Dementia with Lewy bodies

(2016) Fernando Pagan et al.   Journal of Parkinsons Disease

Deep Brain Stimulation: A Paradigm Shifting Approach to Treat Parkinson's Disease

(2016) Patrick Hickey et al.   Frontiers in Neuroscience

Gene delivery of neurturin to putamen and substantia nigra in Parkinson disease: A double-blind, randomized, controlled trial

(2015) C. Warren Olanow et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Effect of the myeloperoxidase inhibitor AZD3241 on microglia: a PET study in Parkinson’s disease

(2015) Aurelija Jucaite et al.   BRAIN

Elevated Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Axonal Arborization Size Are Key Contributors to the Vulnerability of Dopamine Neurons

(2015) Consiglia Pacelli et al.   CURRENT BIOLOGY

Parkinson's disease

(2015) Lorraine V Kalia et al.   LANCET

Targeting α-synuclein for treatment of Parkinson's disease: mechanistic and therapeutic considerations

(2015) Benjamin Dehay et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Pioglitazone in early Parkinson's disease: a phase 2, multicentre, double-blind, randomised trial

(2015)   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Beta oscillations in freely moving Parkinson's subjects are attenuated during deep brain stimulation

(2015) Emma J. Quinn et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Active immunization therapies for Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy

(2015) Achim Schneeberger et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Parkinson's disease–associated mutant VPS35 causes mitochondrial dysfunction by recycling DLP1 complexes

(2015) Wenzhang Wang et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Cell-based therapies for Parkinson disease—past insights and future potential

(2015) Roger A. Barker et al.   Nature Reviews Neurology

Intrastriatal injection of pre-formed mouse α-synuclein fibrils into rats triggers α-synuclein pathology and bilateral nigrostriatal degeneration

(2015) Katrina L. Paumier et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

The Roles of PINK1, Parkin, and Mitochondrial Fidelity in Parkinson’s Disease

(2015) Alicia M. Pickrell et al.   NEURON

Effect of selective LRRK2 kinase inhibition on nonhuman primate lung

(2015) Reina N. Fuji et al.   Science Translational Medicine

Preladenant as an Adjunctive Therapy With Levodopa in Parkinson Disease

(2015) Robert A. Hauser et al.   JAMA Neurology

Next-generation active immunization approach for synucleinopathies: implications for Parkinson’s disease clinical trials

(2014) Markus Mandler et al.   ACTA NEUROPATHOLOGICA

Ambroxol improves lysosomal biochemistry in glucocerebrosidase mutation-linked Parkinson disease cells

(2014) Alisdair McNeill et al.   BRAIN

Human ESC-Derived Dopamine Neurons Show Similar Preclinical Efficacy and Potency to Fetal Neurons when Grafted in a Rat Model of Parkinson’s Disease

(2014) Shane Grealish et al.   Cell Stem Cell

LRRK2, a puzzling protein: Insights into Parkinson's disease pathogenesis

(2014) A. Raquel Esteves et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Pharmacological Treatment of Parkinson Disease

(2014) Barbara S. Connolly et al.   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

LRRK2 pathobiology in Parkinson's disease

(2014) Ian Martin et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

 -Synuclein Is Localized to Mitochondria-Associated ER Membranes

(2014) C. Guardia-Laguarta et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Long-term safety and tolerability of ProSavin, a lentiviral vector-based gene therapy for Parkinson's disease: a dose escalation, open-label, phase 1/2 trial

(2014) Stéphane Palfi et al.   LANCET

The role of iron in brain ageing and neurodegenerative disorders

(2014) Roberta J Ward et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

GBA-associated Parkinson's disease: Reduced survival and more rapid progression in a prospective longitudinal study

(2014) Kathrin Brockmann et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Large-scale meta-analysis of genome-wide association data identifies six new risk loci for Parkinson's disease

(2014) Mike A Nalls et al.   NATURE GENETICS

Mitochondrial oxidant stress in locus coeruleus is regulated by activity and nitric oxide synthase

(2014) Javier Sanchez-Padilla et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

The beneficial effect of a prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor, KYP-2047, on alpha-synuclein clearance and autophagy in A30P transgenic mouse

(2014) Mari H. Savolainen et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

PPARγ and PGC-1α as Therapeutic Targets in Parkinson’s

(2014) Juan Carlos Corona et al.   NEUROCHEMICAL RESEARCH

Deep-Brain Stimulation — Entering the Era of Human Neural-Network Modulation

(2014) Michael S. Okun   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

AQW051, a novel and selective nicotinic acetylcholine receptor α7 partial agonist, reduces l-Dopa-induced dyskinesias and extends the duration of l-Dopa effects in parkinsonian monkeys

(2014) Thérèse Di Paolo et al.   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Mutation in VPS35 associated with Parkinson’s disease impairs WASH complex association and inhibits autophagy

(2014) Eszter Zavodszky et al.   Nature Communications

Inosine to Increase Serum and Cerebrospinal Fluid Urate in Parkinson Disease

(2014) Michael A. Schwarzschild et al.   JAMA Neurology

Lewy body extracts from Parkinson disease brains trigger α-synuclein pathology and neurodegeneration in mice and monkeys

(2013) Ariadna Recasens et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

LAMP2A as a therapeutic target in Parkinson disease

(2013) Maria Xilouri et al.   Autophagy

Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants for treatment of Parkinson's disease: Preclinical and clinical outcomes

(2013) Huajun Jin et al.   BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE

Nigral stimulation for resistant axial motor impairment in Parkinson’s disease? A randomized controlled trial

(2013) Daniel Weiss et al.   BRAIN

Ursocholanic acid rescues mitochondrial function in common forms of familial Parkinson’s disease

(2013) Heather Mortiboys et al.   BRAIN

The Parkinson disease-related protein DJ-1 counteracts mitochondrial impairment induced by the tumour suppressor protein p53 by enhancing endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria tethering

(2013) D. Ottolini et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

Gait Disorders in Parkinsonian Monkeys with Pedunculopontine Nucleus Lesions: A Tale of Two Systems

(2013) D. Grabli et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Safety/feasibility of targeting the substantia nigra with AAV2-neurturin in Parkinson patients

(2013) R. T. Bartus et al.   NEUROLOGY

The Function of α-Synuclein

(2013) Jacob T. Bendor et al.   NEURON

Leucine-Rich Repeat Kinase 2 (LRRK2)-Deficient Rats Exhibit Renal Tubule Injury and Perturbations in Metabolic and Immunological Homeostasis

(2013) Daniel Ness et al.   PLoS One

Inflammation and Adaptive Immunity in Parkinson's Disease

(2013) R. L. Mosley et al.   Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

Parkin Disease

(2013) Karen M. Doherty et al.   JAMA Neurology

Mitochondrial Energy Metabolism and Redox Signaling in Brain Aging and Neurodegeneration

(2012) Fei Yin et al.   ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING

Ambroxol as a pharmacological chaperone for mutant glucocerebrosidase

(2012) Inna Bendikov-Bar et al.   BLOOD CELLS MOLECULES AND DISEASES

A prolyl oligopeptidase inhibitor, KYP-2047, reduces α-synuclein protein levels and aggregates in cellular and animal models of Parkinson's disease

(2012) TT Myöhänen et al.   BRITISH JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY

Long-Term Evaluation of a Phase 1 Study of AADC Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease

(2012) Gabriele Mittermeyer et al.   HUMAN GENE THERAPY

Calcium, Bioenergetics, and Neuronal Vulnerability in Parkinson's Disease

(2012) D. James Surmeier et al.   JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Neuroprotection by urate on 6-OHDA-lesioned rat model of Parkinson's disease: linking to Akt/GSK3β signaling pathway

(2012) Li Gong et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY

Parkinson's disease subtypes: lost in translation?

(2012) C. Marras et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY

Antibody-Aided Clearance of Extracellular  -Synuclein Prevents Cell-to-Cell Aggregate Transmission

(2012) E.-J. Bae et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Methylphenidate for gait hypokinesia and freezing in patients with Parkinson's disease undergoing subthalamic stimulation: a multicentre, parallel, randomised, placebo-controlled trial

(2012) Caroline Moreau et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Fetal dopaminergic transplantation trials and the future of neural grafting in Parkinson's disease

(2012) Roger A Barker et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

The neuropathology of genetic Parkinson's disease

(2012) Markos Poulopoulos et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Calcium entry induces mitochondrial oxidant stress in vagal neurons at risk in Parkinson's disease

(2012) Joshua A Goldberg et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Pallidal dysfunction drives a cerebellothalamic circuit into Parkinson tremor

(2011) Rick C. Helmich et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

PARIS (ZNF746) Repression of PGC-1α Contributes to Neurodegeneration in Parkinson's Disease

(2011) Joo-Ho Shin et al.   CELL

Gaucher Disease Glucocerebrosidase and α-Synuclein Form a Bidirectional Pathogenic Loop in Synucleinopathies

(2011) Joseph R. Mazzulli et al.   CELL

LRRK2 protein levels are determined by kinase function and are crucial for kidney and lung homeostasis in mice

(2011) Martin C. Herzig et al.   HUMAN MOLECULAR GENETICS

AAV2-GAD gene therapy for advanced Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, sham-surgery controlled, randomised trial

(2011) Peter A LeWitt et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Aggregation of α-synuclein in brain samples from subjects with glucocerebrosidase mutations

(2011) Jae Hyuk Choi et al.   MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM

Dopamine neurons derived from human ES cells efficiently engraft in animal models of Parkinson’s disease

(2011) Sonja Kriks et al.   NATURE

Viral vectors for gene delivery to the central nervous system

(2011) Thomas B. Lentz et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF DISEASE

Use of ibuprofen and risk of Parkinson disease

(2011) X. Gao et al.   NEUROLOGY

Exogenous α-Synuclein Fibrils Induce Lewy Body Pathology Leading to Synaptic Dysfunction and Neuron Death

(2011) Laura A. Volpicelli-Daley et al.   NEURON

Passive Immunization Reduces Behavioral and Neuropathological Deficits in an Alpha-Synuclein Transgenic Model of Lewy Body Disease

(2011) Eliezer Masliah et al.   PLoS One

The Interplay Between Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy

(2010) Gilad Twig et al.   ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING

Current Use of Clozapine in Parkinson Disease and Related Disorders

(2010) Alissa A. Thomas et al.   CLINICAL NEUROPHARMACOLOGY

Preladenant, a selective A2A receptor antagonist, is active in primate models of movement disorders

(2010) Robert A. Hodgson et al.   EXPERIMENTAL NEUROLOGY

Clinically available iron chelators induce neuroprotection in the 6-OHDA model of Parkinson’s disease after peripheral administration

(2010) David T. Dexter et al.   JOURNAL OF NEURAL TRANSMISSION

Rapamycin Protects against Neuron Death in In Vitro andIn Vivo Models of Parkinson's Disease

(2010) C. Malagelada et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Pathogenic Lysosomal Depletion in Parkinson's Disease

(2010) B. Dehay et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Deep brain stimulation plus best medical therapy versus best medical therapy alone for advanced Parkinson's disease (PD SURG trial): a randomised, open-label trial

(2010) Adrian Williams et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Gene delivery of AAV2-neurturin for Parkinson's disease: a double-blind, randomised, controlled trial

(2010) William J Marks et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

A Phase I Study of Aromatic L-Amino Acid Decarboxylase Gene Therapy for Parkinson's Disease

(2010) Shin-ichi Muramatsu et al.   MOLECULAR THERAPY

The identification of Parkinson's disease subtypes using cluster analysis: A systematic review

(2010) Stephanie M. van Rooden et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Role of serotonin neurons in the induction of levodopa- and graft-induced dyskinesias in Parkinson's disease

(2010) Manolo Carta et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

A double-blind, placebo-controlled study to assess the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant MitoQ as a disease-modifying therapy in Parkinson's disease

(2010) Barry J. Snow et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Enhancement of proteasome activity by a small-molecule inhibitor of USP14

(2010) Byung-Hoon Lee et al.   NATURE

Oxidant stress evoked by pacemaking in dopaminergic neurons is attenuated by DJ-1

(2010) Jaime N. Guzman et al.   NATURE

Anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of Parkinson disease: A meta-analysis

(2010) J. J. Gagne et al.   NEUROLOGY

Effects of a central cholinesterase inhibitor on reducing falls in Parkinson disease

(2010) K. A. Chung et al.   NEUROLOGY

Mitochondrial alpha-synuclein accumulation impairs complex I function in dopaminergic neurons and results in increased mitophagy in vivo

(2010) Shankar J. Chinta et al.   NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS

Pallidal versus Subthalamic Deep-Brain Stimulation for Parkinson's Disease

(2010) Kenneth A. Follett et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Selective cell death in neurodegeneration: Why are some neurons spared in vulnerable regions?

(2010) K.L. Double et al.   PROGRESS IN NEUROBIOLOGY

Cognition and mood in Parkinson's disease in subthalamic nucleus versus globus pallidus interna deep brain stimulation: The COMPARE Trial

(2009) Michael S. Okun et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Effects of pH and Iminosugar Pharmacological Chaperones on Lysosomal Glycosidase Structure and Stability

(2009) Raquel L. Lieberman et al.   BIOCHEMISTRY

NSAID Use and the Risk of Parkinsonʼs Disease

(2009) Ali Samii et al.   DRUGS & AGING

Bilateral Deep Brain Stimulation vs Best Medical Therapy for Patients With Advanced Parkinson DiseaseA Randomized Controlled Trial

(2009) Frances M. Weaver   JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION

Beclin 1 Gene Transfer Activates Autophagy and Ameliorates the Neurodegenerative Pathology in  -Synuclein Models of Parkinson's and Lewy Body Diseases

(2009) B. Spencer et al.   JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE

Neuroinflammation in Parkinson's disease: a target for neuroprotection?

(2009) Etienne C Hirsch et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Genome-wide association study identifies common variants at four loci as genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease

(2009) Wataru Satake et al.   NATURE GENETICS

Genome-wide association study reveals genetic risk underlying Parkinson's disease

(2009) Javier Simón-Sánchez et al.   NATURE GENETICS

Rapamycin activation of 4E-BP prevents parkinsonian dopaminergic neuron loss

(2009) Luke S Tain et al.   NATURE NEUROSCIENCE

Incidental Lewy body disease: Do some cases represent a preclinical stage of dementia with Lewy bodies?

(2009) Roberta Frigerio et al.   NEUROBIOLOGY OF AGING

Safety and tolerability of putaminal AADC gene therapy for Parkinson disease

(2009) C. W. Christine et al.   NEUROLOGY

Multicenter Analysis of Glucocerebrosidase Mutations in Parkinson's Disease

(2009) E. Sidransky et al.   NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE

Istradefylline as monotherapy for Parkinson disease: Results of the 6002-US-051 trial

(2009) H.H. Fernandez et al.   PARKINSONISM & RELATED DISORDERS

Adenosine A2Areceptor antagonist istradefylline (KW-6002) reduces “off” time in Parkinson's disease: A double-blind, randomized, multicenter clinical trial (6002-US-005)

(2008) Peter A. LeWitt et al.   ANNALS OF NEUROLOGY

Effects of nigral stimulation on locomotion and postural stability in patients with Parkinson's disease

(2008) N. Chastan et al.   BRAIN

Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor stimulation by exendin-4 reverses key deficits in distinct rodent models of Parkinson's disease

(2008) Alexander Harkavyi et al.   Journal of Neuroinflammation

Safety and tolerability of intraputaminal delivery of CERE-120 (adeno-associated virus serotype 2–neurturin) to patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease: an open-label, phase I trial

(2008) William J Marks et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Phenotype, genotype, and worldwide genetic penetrance of LRRK2-associated Parkinson's disease: a case-control study

(2008) Daniel G Healy et al.   LANCET NEUROLOGY

Study of istradefylline in patients with Parkinson's disease on levodopa with motor fluctuations

(2008) Robert A. Hauser et al.   MOVEMENT DISORDERS

Lewy body–like pathology in long-term embryonic nigral transplants in Parkinson's disease

(2008) Jeffrey H Kordower et al.   NATURE MEDICINE

Results from a phase I safety trial of hAADC gene therapy for Parkinson disease

(2008) J. L. Eberling et al.   NEUROLOGY