Article
Infectious Diseases
Rasha El-Mahdy, Rasha Mahmoud, Raghdaa Shrief
Summary: The study aimed to characterize different uropathogenic E. coli (UPEC) phylogroups from catheter-associated UTI (CAUTI) and community UTI (Com-UTI) in terms of antibiotic resistance, biofilm formation, and pathogenicity islands (PAIs). UPEC strains from CAUTI and Com-UTI showed similar high antibiotic resistance, with higher biofilm formation in CAUTI strains. Phylogroup A was the most common, and PAI IV536 was the prevalent marker in all phylogroups from both types of UTI.
INFECTION AND DRUG RESISTANCE
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Leli Wang, Yuwei Wu, Juan Xu, Qiuyun Huang, Ying Zhao, Sheng Dong, Xuxiang Wang, Xiaoni Cao, Chuni Wang, Anqi Wu, Diao Zhou, Cang Chen, Huansheng Yang, Jianzhong Li, Papadimitriou Konstantinos, Qiang Tu, Gaihua Zhang, Jia Yin
Summary: This study revealed the heterogeneity of E. coli strains from pigs, focusing on two strains studied in detail through both in silico and wet experiments and 14 strains analyzed through bioinformatics analysis. E. coli Y18J may enhance pig adaptability to disease resistance by producing colicins B and M. These findings offer insights into the roles of E. coli in modern animal husbandry, contributing to a better understanding of intestinal-microbe-pathogen interactions during evolution.
MICROBIOLOGY SPECTRUM
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Meng Wang, Yu Fan, Ping Liu, Yehua Liu, Jianlei Zhang, Yan Jiang, Chunlei Zhou, Lei Yang, Ce Wang, Chengqian Qian, Chao Yuan, Si Zhang, Xiaohang Zhang, Zhiqiu Yin, Hong Mu, Yuhui Du
Summary: Raoultella ornithinolytica is a poorly understood opportunistic pathogen with multidrug resistance mechanisms. The isolate WM1 exhibited resistance to multiple antimicrobials and carried two plasmids with multidrug resistance regions. In addition to virulence-related elements, the strain showed genetic diversity, emphasizing the importance of infection control and antimicrobial stewardship.
ANNALS OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Samuele Bovo, Giuseppina Schiavo, Matteo Bolner, Mohamad Ballan, Luca Fontanesi
Summary: By analyzing a large number of whole genome sequencing data, we identified various viruses, some of which have potential deleterious impacts on livestock and humans. These findings help us understand the distribution of viruses in the livestock industry.
Article
Immunology
Mathias Schemmerer, Juergen J. Wenzel, Klaus Stark, Mirko Faber
Summary: Zoonotic hepatitis E virus (HEV) is endemic in Europe, with genotype 3 (HEV-3) being the predominant strain. In Germany, HEV-3c is the most common subtype, followed by HEV-3f, HEV-3e, and HEV-3i-like strains. The proportion of HEV-3 group 2 strains has increased over time. Patients infected with HEV-3 group 1 tend to have more severe symptoms compared to those infected with group 2 strains.
EMERGING MICROBES & INFECTIONS
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hao Peng, Huili Bai, Yan Pan, Jun Li, Zhe Pei, Yuying Liao, Cuilan Wu, Changting Li, Li Tao, Shuhong Zhong, Chunxia Ma, Zhongwei Chen, Xiaoning Li, Yu Gong, Leping Wang, Fengsheng Li
Summary: In this study, different pathogenicity strengths of E. coli strains were observed in C. elegans, and the detection rate of virulence factors did not correspond to the pathogenicity in the nematodes. The results confirmed that C. elegans could serve as a fast and convenient detection model for evaluating the pathogenicity of pathogenic bacteria.
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Gongmei Li, Maohui Li, Dan Yu, Wuwen Sun
Summary: This study evaluated the pathogenic effect of TGF-beta 1/Smad3 pathway in a mouse model infected with HPI+ and HPI- strains of Escherichia coli isolated from diarrhea in calves. The results showed significant injuries in the liver and kidney tissues of mice in the HPI+ and HPI- infection groups, increased apoptotic cells, and up-regulated expression of TGF-beta 1, Collagen I, and Smad3.
RESEARCH IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Oliver Mounsey, Kezia Wareham, Ashley Hammond, Jacqueline Findlay, Virginia C. Gould, Katy Morley, Tristan A. Cogan, Katy M. E. Turner, Matthew B. Avison, Kristen K. Reyher
Summary: This study investigated the carriage of antibacterial resistant Escherichia coli in 16-week-old dogs in the UK. The results showed that raw feeding was associated with the presence of resistant bacteria, and that the bacteria carried by puppies were shared with humans. This suggests that raw feeding may contribute to the transmission of antibacterial resistant bacteria.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Azza S. Zakaria, Eva A. Edward, Nelly M. Mohamed
Summary: This study characterizes the pathogenicity islands (PAIs) in the chromosome of a Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) strain from Egypt. The strain belongs to the globally disseminated O25:H4-ST131 pandemic lineage. It carries multiple virulence-associated genes and shows a multidrug-resistant phenotype.
Article
Microbiology
Nick Vereecke, Sander Van Hoorde, Daniel Sperling, Sebastiaan Theuns, Bert Devriendt, Eric Cox
Summary: This study used nanopore sequencing to investigate ETEC infections in suckling and post-weaning piglets, and identified genetic markers associated with resistance and virulence. The use of these markers for diagnosis will revolutionize genomics-driven diagnostics in veterinary medicine, allowing for simultaneous identification, pathotyping, and genetic AST within a single test.
FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Arya Suresh, Sabiha Shaik, Ramani Baddam, Amit Ranjan, Shamsul Qumar, Savita Jadhav, Torsten Semmler, Irfan A. Ghazi, Lothar H. Wieler, Niyaz Ahmed
Summary: The genotoxin colibactin produced by pathogenic E. coli strains is increasingly recognized for its critical implications in human health. This study analyzed the distribution, horizontal transmission, and evolution patterns of the island in different E. coli subtypes, shedding light on how pathogenic islands contribute to the clinical implications of infections.
Article
Biology
Tobias Mourier, Denise Anete Madureira de Alvarenga, Abhinav Kaushik, Anielle de Pina-Costa, Olga Douvropoulou, Qingtian Guan, Francisco J. Guzman-Vega, Sarah Forrester, Filipe Vieira Santos de Abreu, Cesare Bianco Junior, Julio Cesar de Souza Junior, Silvia Bahadian Moreira, Zelinda Maria Braga Hirano, Alcides Pissinatti, Maria de Fatima Ferreira-da-Cruz, Ricardo Lourenco de Oliveira, Stefan T. Arold, Daniel C. Jeffares, Patricia Brasil, Cristiana Ferreira Alves de Brito, Richard Culleton, Claudio Tadeu Daniel-Ribeiro, Arnab Pain
Summary: Plasmodium simium, a malaria parasite of non-human primates, likely originated in South America from Plasmodium vivax and has recently acquired the ability to infect humans. Genetic analysis suggests that specific gene deletions in P. simium, especially in the Duffy-binding protein 1 (DBP1), may play a role in its ability to invade human red blood cells, leading to recent zoonotic infections.
Editorial Material
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Heidi Ledford
Summary: The article tells the story of a human genome scientist who sequenced the genes of the ocean, set up a health-screening company after checking his own genes, and explains why he has no plans to stop.
Article
Microbiology
Katja Schilling-Loeffler, Oliver Viera-Segura, Victor Max Corman, Julia Schneider, Ashish K. Gadicherla, Ulrich Schotte, Reimar Johne
Summary: This study successfully isolated HEV from wild boar samples using cell culture, providing potential for further research on the zoonotic potential of wild boar-derived HEV subtypes. The isolated strains showed slower growth compared to a culture-adapted strain and full genome sequencing revealed their classification within known subtypes as well as a possible novel subtype.
Article
Microbiology
Andre Becker S. Saidenberg, Arnoud H. M. van Vliet, Marc Stegger, Thor Bech Johannesen, Torsten Semmler, Marcos Cunha, Alessandro C. de O. Silveira, Eleine Kuroki Anzai, Isabel C. A. Scaletsky, Anders Dalsgaard, Roberto M. La Ragione, Terezinha Knobl
Summary: Extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC) is a globally distributed pathogen associated with human and companion animal diseases, while avian pathogenic pathotype (APEC) severely impacts poultry health and production. The similarities between APEC and human ExPEC suggest a potential for zoonotic transmission.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Christian Holm Hansen, Nikolaj Ulrik Friis, Peter Bager, Marc Stegger, Jannik Fonager, Anders Fomsgaard, Mie Agermose Gram, Lasse Engbo Christiansen, Steen Ethelberg, Rebecca Legarth, Tyra Grove Krause, Henrik Ullum, Palle Valentiner-Branth
Summary: Through a study in Denmark, we found that previous infection can provide up to 92.7% protection against SARS-CoV-2 omicron subvariant BA.5 and reduce the risk of hospitalization. The vaccine protection against BA.5 infection is similar to or slightly weaker than that against BA.2 infection. BA.5 infections are associated with an increased risk of hospitalization compared with BA.2 infections.
LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Niklas Lowbeer, Marc Stegger, Bo Soderquist
Summary: Prosthetic joint infection (PJI) is a growing concern due to the increasing number of arthroplasty surgeries, and the genetic features and characteristics of Streptococcal PJIs are largely unknown. This study conducted whole-genome sequencing on Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Streptococcus agalactiae, and S. pyogenes isolates from PJIs in Sweden. The results showed genetic diversity among S. dysgalactiae and S. agalactiae, with distinct differences in antimicrobial resistance (AMR) between the two species.
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Line Dahlerup Rasmussen, Anne-Mette Lebech, Anne Ovrehus, Birgitte Klindt Poulsen, Hanne Rolighed Christensen, Henrik Nielsen, Isik Somuncu Johansen, Lars Haukali Omland, Lothar Wiese, Marie Helleberg, Merete Storgaard, Michael Dalager-Pedersen, Thomas A. Rasmussen, Thomas Benfield, Tonny Studsgaard Petersen, Ase Bengard Andersen, Mie Agermose Gram, Marc Stegger, Sofie Marie Edslev, Niels Obel
Summary: This study aims to evaluate the experience with the use of sotrovimab in high-risk groups following SARS-CoV-2 infection. The study found that over 90% of the patients treated with sotrovimab belonged to high-risk groups. Sotrovimab-treated individuals remained at a high risk of hospitalization and death, which was strongly associated with immunocompromised state and age. Receiving more than 3 COVID-19 vaccines was associated with a decreased risk of death and hospitalization.
BRITISH JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Sofie Kromann, Sharmin Baig, Rikke Heidemann Olsen, Sofie Marie Edslev, Ida Thofner, Anders Miki Bojesen, Henrik Elvang Jensen, Marc Stegger
Summary: In 2019-2020, a significant outbreak of colibacillosis occurred among Danish broilers, leading to increased mortality and condemnation rates. The causative E. coli strains were characterized using pathology and genetic analysis, revealing the severe impact of certain strains. This study provides important insights for future interventions and treatments.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Microbiology
Shewli Mukerji, Shafi Sahibzada, Rebecca Abraham, Marc Stegger, David Jordan, David J. Hampson, Mark O'Dea, Terence Lee, Sam Abraham
Summary: Human population and activities contribute significantly to the spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. This study focused on the carriage rates of critically important antimicrobial-resistant (CIA-R) Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae by Silver Gulls and their proximity to human populations. The results showed a high prevalence of CIA-R E. coli and K. pneumoniae in Silver Gulls in urban areas compared to remote locations, indicating a strong association between anthropogenic activities and the acquisition of resistant bacteria by gulls.
VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Yaovi Mahuton Gildas Hounmanou, Agnes Wanyana, Stephen Alafi, Fred Wabwire-Mangen, Henrik Christensen, John Elmerdahl Olsen, Denis Karuhize Byarugaba
Summary: This study found that multidrug-resistant ESBL-producing Escherichia coli is a major cause of infections in hospitals and communities. The study suggests that ESBL genes can be transmitted between healthcare and community settings through discharged patients who are still colonized. The long-term transmission is sustained by the transfer of plasmids circulating across niches and disseminating related resistomes.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2023)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Louise Ladefoged Poulsen, Magne Bisgaard, Henrik Christensen
Summary: This study investigated the difference in pathogenic potential of Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) between parent and broiler flocks. The prevalence of virulence-associated genes and antimicrobial resistance varied significantly between flocks, with breeder flocks showing significantly higher prevalence of papC and irp2 genes and resistance against ampicillin compared to broiler flocks.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Birgit Dusemund, Mojca Durjava, Maryline Kouba, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Secundino Lopez Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Yolanda Sanz, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Giovanna Martelli, Luca Tosti, Montserrat Anguita, Yolanda Garcia-Cazorla, Elisa Pettenati, Jordi Ortuno
Summary: The EFSA Panel on Additives and Products or Substances used in Animal Feed evaluated the safety and efficacy of Nutrixtend Optim, a feed additive containing beta-mannanase produced by a non-genetically modified strain of Aspergillus niger. The additive was deemed safe for all poultry for fattening based on various studies and trials, and it does not raise concerns for consumers and the environment.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Thor Bech Johannesen, Charlotte Munkstrup, Sofie Marie Edslev, Sharmin Baig, Stine Nielsen, Tjede Funk, Dennis Karsten Kristensen, Lars Hervig Jacobsen, Signe Fischer Ravn, Niels Bindslev, Sophie Gubbels, Marianne Voldstedlund, Pikka Jokelainen, Soren Hallstrom, Astrid Rasmussen, Karl Gustaf Kristinsson, David Fuglsang-Damgaard, Ram B. Dessau, Agnieszka Barbara Olsen, Christian Salgaard Jensen, Annette Skovby, Svend Ellermann-Eriksen, Thoger Gorm Jensen, Esad Dzajic, Claus Ostergaard, Steen Lomborg Andersen, Steen Hoffmann, Peter HenrikAndersen, Marc Stegger
Summary: A highly virulent sub-lineage of the Streptococcus pyogenes M1 clone has been rapidly expanding in Denmark, accounting for 30% of new invasive group A streptococcal infections. The study investigates whether the high incidence rates observed in winter 2022/23 are due to a shift in variant composition or the impact of COVID-19-related restrictions on population immunity and carriage of group A Streptococcus.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Morten Rasmussen, Frederik Trier Moller, Vithiagaran Gunalan, Sharmin Baig, Marc Bennedbaek, Lasse Engbo Christiansen, Arieh Sierra Cohen, Kirsten Ellegaard, Anders Fomsgaard, Kristina Traeholt Franck, Nicolai Balle Larsen, Tine Graakjaer Larsen, Ria Lassauniere, Charlotta Polacek, Amanda Gammelby Qvesel, Raphael Niklaus Sieber, Lasse Dam Rasmussen, Marc Stegger, Katja Spiess, Man-Hung Eric Tang, Lasse Skafte Vestergaard, Thomas Emil Andersen, Silje Vermedal Hoegh, Rune Micha Pedersen, Marianne Nielsine Skov, Kat Steinke, Thomas Vognbjerg Sydenham, Morten Hopp, Lene Nielsen, Tyra Grove Krause, Henrik Ullum, Pikka Jokelainen
Summary: This article describes 10 cases of the SARS-CoV-2 variant BA.2.86 detected in Denmark, providing information on its molecular characteristics and results from wastewater surveillance. The variant is classified as a variant under monitoring by the World Health Organization, and further global monitoring of this variant and other SARS-CoV-2 variants is highly recommended.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Alec Truswell, Zheng Zhou Lee, Marc Stegger, John Blinco, Rebecca Abraham, David Jordan, Marin Milotic, Kylie Hewson, Stanley Pang, Sam Abraham
Summary: This study demonstrates an affordable approach for early detection of emerging resistance and accurately characterizes spatial and temporal changes in resistance. The research reveals variations in antimicrobial resistance carriage among different drug classes in poultry, and the transnational flow of a ciprofloxacin-resistant strain into Australian poultry flocks.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Xiao Fei, Casper Schroll, Kaisong Huang, Jens P. Christensen, Henrik Christensen, Sebastien Lemire, Mogens Kilstrup, Line E. Thomsen, Lotte Jelsbak, John E. Olsen
Summary: In this study, the researchers investigated the gene expression in the peritoneal cavity of hens infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum. They found specific up-regulation of genes associated with virulence and macrophage survival in S. Gallinarum. Furthermore, the study showed that host specificity was characterized by metabolic finetuning and unique expression of virulence associated pathways.
MICROBIAL PATHOGENESIS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Mojca Durjava, Birgit Dusemund, Maryline Kouba, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Secundino Lopez Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Yolanda Sanz, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Noel Dierick, Montserrat Anguita, Rosella Brozzi, Stefani Fruk, Matteo Innocenti, Joana Revez, Jordi Ortuno
Summary: The EFSA was asked by the European Commission to assess the efficacy of two technological additives derived from Enterococcus faecium strains ATCC 53519 and ATCC 55593. These additives are intended for use with all types of fresh materials and all animal species, at specific concentrations. Previously, the FEEDAP Panel could not conclude on their efficacy due to errors in data calculations and the lack of positive effects on any parameters. Additional information provided by the applicant did not address these issues, therefore the Panel still could not conclude on the efficacy of the additives.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Birgit Dusemund, Mojca Durjava, Maryline Kouba, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Secundino Lopez Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Yolanda Sanz, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Noel Dierick, Giovanna Martelli, Montserrat Anguita, Matteo Lorenzo Innocenti, Jordi Ortuno, Jordi Tarres-Call, Joana P. Firmino
Summary: In response to a request from the European Commission, EFSA conducted a scientific evaluation on the safety and efficacy of the feed additive consisting of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum and Limosilactobacillus reuteri as a zootechnical feed additive for suckling piglets. The evaluation concluded that the additive is safe for the target species, the consumer, and the environment. However, the assessment could not determine its respiratory sensitization potential, skin/eye irritation potential, and skin sensitization potential.
Article
Food Science & Technology
Vasileios Bampidis, Giovanna Azimonti, Maria de Lourdes Bastos, Henrik Christensen, Birgit Dusemund, Mojca Durjava, Maryline Kouba, Marta Lopez-Alonso, Secundino Lopez Puente, Francesca Marcon, Baltasar Mayo, Alena Pechova, Mariana Petkova, Fernando Ramos, Yolanda Sanz, Roberto Edoardo Villa, Ruud Woutersen, Montserrat Anguita Freixa, Rosella Brozzi, Yolanda Garcia-Cazorla
Summary: This article is about the scientific assessment of the application for renewal of three additives. EFSA concluded that the additives are safe for all animal species, consumers, and the environment under the authorized conditions of use. Although the additives are not irritant to skin or eyes, they should be considered respiratory sensitizers due to their proteinaceous nature. No conclusions can be drawn on the skin sensitization potential of the additives. It is not necessary to assess the efficacy of the additives in the context of the renewal of authorizations.