Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kamila Kasprzak-Drozd, Tomasz Oniszczuk, Mateusz Stasiak, Anna Oniszczuk
Summary: The human intestine contains a complex community of microorganisms known as the gut microbiota, which plays a crucial role in maintaining host homeostasis. Dietary polyphenols have been investigated for their beneficial effects in preventing metabolic diseases and their modulation of the gut microbiota. The interdependence between gut microbiota and polyphenol metabolites in maintaining host gut homeostasis is also emphasized.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Javier Arenas-Montes, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Cristina Vals-Delgado, Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera, Magdalena P. Cardelo, Ana Leon-Acuna, Gracia M. Quintana-Navarro, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Antonio Camargo, Francisco Perez-Jimenez
Summary: Pet ownership may reduce the risk of metabolic syndrome and obesity, with dog ownership showing more significant benefits. Having pets can alter the gut microbiota and contribute to the prevention of cardiometabolic diseases.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jacek Karczewski, Aleksandra Zielinska, Rafal Staszewski, Piotr Eder, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Eliana B. Souto
Summary: Innate and adaptive immunity play vital roles in neurodevelopment and CNS homeostasis. Overactivation of the immune system increases brain vulnerability and the risk of neuropsychiatric disorders. Obesity and gut dysbiosis are important factors affecting microglial function in later life.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jamie van Son, Laura L. Koekkoek, Susanne E. La Fleur, Mireille J. Serlie, Max Nieuwdorp
Summary: Obesity, a global epidemic, is associated with microbial dysbiosis. Research indicates that the gut microbiota and its metabolites have an impact on human brain and behavior. Future treatment strategies for obesity may target the gut microbiota.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Saurabh Kadyan, Gwoncheol Park, Bo Wang, Ravinder Nagpal
Summary: Emerging evidence suggests sex-specific differences in the prebiotic effects of dietary fiber on gut microbiome and metabolome. This study examines the sex-specific effects of inulin, a widely-studied dietary fiber, on gut microbiome and metabolome in a humanized murine model of aging. The findings demonstrate that inulin exerts prebiotic effects in a sex-dependent manner, highlighting the importance of considering sex differences in dietary interventions.
FRONTIERS IN MOLECULAR BIOSCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Multidisciplinary
Fang Zhou, Yi-Long Li, Xin Zhang, Kun-Bo Wang, Jian-An Huang, Zhong-Hua Liu, Ming-Zhi Zhu
Summary: The study found that FBTP supplementation effectively reduced obesity in HFD-fed rats by improving intestinal oxidative stress and barrier function, as well as attenuating gut microbiota dysbiosis induced by HFD. Specific core microbes, including Akkermansia muciniphila, Alloprevotella, Bacteroides, and Faecalibaculum, were improved by FBTPs. The antiobesity effect of FBTPs was shown to be dependent on gut microbiota, as demonstrated by a fecal microbiota transplantation experiment.
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Ling Wang, Yi-Xuan Tu, Lu Chen, Yuan Zhang, Xue-Ling Pan, Shu-Qiao Yang, Shuai-Jie Zhang, Sheng-Hui Li, Ke-Chun Yu, Shuo Song, Hong-Li Xu, Zhu-Cheng Yin, Jun-Qiu Yue, Qian-Lin Ni, Tang Tang, Jiu-Liang Zhang, Min Guo, Shuai Zhang, Fan Yao, Xin-Jun Liang, Zhen-Xia Chen
Summary: Men have higher incidence and mortality rates of colorectal cancer (CRC) than women. This study explains the sexual dimorphism in CRC by examining sex-biased gut microbiota and metabolites. The results show that male mice and pseudo-germ mice receiving fecal samples from males have larger tumors and impaired gut barrier function. Changes in gut microbiota composition, including increased pathogenic bacteria and decreased probiotic bacteria, were observed in male mice and pseudo-germ mice. Sex-biased gut metabolites contribute to the sex dimorphism in CRC through glycerophospholipids metabolism pathway. Modulating sex-biased gut microbiota and metabolites could be a potential therapeutic strategy for CRC.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Bianca Depieri Balmant, Danielle Cristina Fonseca, Ilanna Marques Rocha, Leticia Callado, Raquel Susana Matos de Miranda Torrinhas, Dan Linetzky Waitzberg
Summary: Practical and affordable tools to screen intestinal dysbiosis are necessary to support clinical decision making. This study aimed to design a new subjective screening tool, based on subjective and objective data, for the risk of intestinal dysbiosis. The new Dys-R questionnaire showed good performance in ruling out dysbiosis and identifying poor gut microbiota richness.
Review
Microbiology
Agnieszka Zawada, Anna Maria Rychter, Alicja Ewa Ratajczak, Agata Lisiecka-Masian, Agnieszka Dobrowolska, Iwona Krela-Kazmierczak
Summary: Recent research has been focusing on the role of gut microbiota in the development or course of various diseases, including non-communicable diseases. It remains challenging to determine whether certain microbial imbalances are detrimental or beneficial. Dietary patterns and nutrients play a significant role in shaping the intestinal microbiota.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Qi Zhu, Nathan Qi, Ling Shen, Chunmin C. C. Lo, Meifeng Xu, Qing Duan, Nicholas J. Ollberding, Zhe Wu, David Y. Y. Hui, Patrick Tso, Min Liu
Summary: The gut microbiome has a critical role in regulating lipid metabolism, with little understanding of how it modulates sex differences in lipid metabolism. This study aimed to determine if gut microbiota modulates sexual dimorphism of lipid metabolism in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). After 4-week HFD consumption, female mice exhibited less body weight gain, lower body fat composition, and significantly lower triglyceride and cholesterol levels compared to male mice. Fecal microbiota analysis revealed different compositions between male and female mice, with enrichment of beneficial microbes in females and depletion of harmful microbes. Correlation analysis suggested that the different microbiota compositions were associated with sexual dimorphism in body weight, fat mass, and lipid metabolism. Comprehensive understanding of sexual dimorphism in lipid metabolism modulated by the microbiota could help develop more sex-specific treatment options for dyslipidemia and metabolic disorders in females.
Review
Gastroenterology & Hepatology
Bing-Nan Liu, Xiao-Tong Liu, Zi-Han Liang, Ji-Hui Wang
Summary: Obesity is a major global health issue affected by genetics and environment, with increasing evidence linking it to gut microbiota. Gut microbiota management has emerged as a new approach for obesity treatment, but the complex interactions among genetics, environment, microbiota, and obesity are still not well-understood. The review summarizes the characteristics of gut microbiota in obesity, the mechanisms linking gut microbiota to obesity, and the impact of genetic and environmental factors, providing insight into the complex relationship between obesity and microbiota, as well as proposing the future of gut microbiota-related obesity research.
WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Miguel Huang, Claudia dos Santos Cople-Rodrigues, Dan L. Waitzberg, Ilanna Marques Gomes da Rocha, Cintia Chaves Curioni
Summary: This study conducted a systematic review on the effects of herbal medicine on gut microbiota in obese individuals and found that certain herbs can modulate the gut microbiota and are associated with weight loss.
Editorial Material
Microbiology
Serguei O. Fetissov
Summary: The survival of gut microbiota depends on nutrients provided by the host through food intake. The co-evolution of gut bacteria and humans has shaped the interactions between their metabolisms, impacting host feeding behavior. Understanding the molecular pathways involved may lead to new therapeutic approaches for conditions with altered feeding behavior. The Special Issue on Gut Microbiota-Brain Axis in Regulation of Feeding Behavior covers autoprobiotics, metabolic diseases, and anorexia.
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Guoxiang Shi, Yubi Lin, Yuanyuan Wu, Jing Zhou, Lixiang Cao, Jiyan Chen, Yong Li, Ning Tan, Shilong Zhong
Summary: This study found that Bacteroides fragilis induced dysbiosis of the gut microbiota, leading to inflammation and worsened glucose/lipid metabolism, which promoted the progression of atherosclerosis.
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Sonia Croci, Lina Ilaras D'Apolito, Valeria Gasperi, Maria Valeria Catani, Isabella Savini
Summary: This passage discusses the relationship between metabolic syndrome and gut microbiota, indicating that dysbiosis may play a role in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases; certain metabolites derived from microorganisms can trigger subclinical inflammatory processes related to MetS.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Francisco Jose Rodriguez-Cortes, Jorge E. Jimenez-Hornero, Juan Francisco Alcala-Diaz, Francisco Jose Jimenez-Hornero, Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera, Rosaria Cappadona, Roberto Manfredini, Pablo Jesus Lopez-Soto
Summary: The present study investigated the impact of daylight saving time (DST) transitions on the incidence of hospital admissions for major acute cardiovascular events (MACE). Using natural visibility graphs (NVGs) and data from Andalusian public hospitals between 2009 and 2019, the study found a slight increase in the risk of heart attacks after DST transitions, but this increase did not significantly alter the overall pattern of hospital admissions.
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Elena M. Yubero-Serrano, Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal, Purificacion Gomez-Luna, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: This study analyzed the effects of two healthy diets on the intima-media thickness (IMT-CC) of carotid arteries in patients with type 2 diabetes and coronary heart disease. The results showed that reduction of AGEs levels after consuming the two healthy diets was associated with a decrease in IMT-CC.
CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Mercedes Sotos-Prieto, Gracia Quintana-Navarro, Juan Francisco Alcala-Diaz, Laura Martin-Piedra, Jose David Torres-Pena, Raul M. Luque, Elena Maria Yubero-Serrano, Javier Delgado-Lista, Niki Katsiki, Stefanos N. Kales, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Pablo Perez-Martinez
Summary: The study found that among CHD patients, higher adherence to a Mediterranean lifestyle was associated with a lower risk of MetS development and a higher likelihood of reversing preexisting MetS during a 5-year follow-up. Each additional one-point increment in the MEDLIFE index was associated with a 24% lower risk of MetS development and a 21% higher likelihood of reversing preexisting MetS.
JOURNAL OF INTERNAL MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Diana Maria Munoz-Perez, Clara Helena Gonzalez-Correa, Elcy Yaned Astudillo Munoz, Maite Sanchez-Giraldo, Juan Carlos Carmona-Hernandez, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Antonio Camargo, Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuniga
Summary: Overweight and obesity are major global health issues. Healthy diets can induce molecular level changes. A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of a diet based on fruit, avocado, whole grains, and trout on obesity-related gene expression.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jesus Argente, Leo Dunkel, Ursula B. Kaiser, Ana C. Latronico, Alejandro Lomniczi, Leandro Soriano-Guillen, Manuel Tena-Sempere
Summary: Puberty, a major maturational event, is determined by genetic factors and influenced by endogenous and environmental cues. Research progress has been made in understanding the neuroendocrine networks governing puberty, but the precise timing and mechanisms of puberty and its alterations are still being deciphered. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the physiological basis of puberty, including the roles of kisspeptins and other central transmitters, the underlying molecular and endocrine mechanisms, and the pathways involved in pubertal modulation. Molecular features of precocious and delayed puberty are also summarized. The review highlights the need for further research in this active field of endocrinology.
LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Peripheral Vascular Disease
Vicente Pascual, Jose Luis Diaz, Jesus Millan Nunez-Cortes, Pablo Perez-Martinez
Summary: In patients with atherogenic dyslipidemia, a healthy diet, regular exercise, and quitting smoking are the first steps to reduce cardiovascular risk. Improving the nutritional quality of their diet, by replacing foods with atherogenic effects with healthier alternatives, is strongly recommended. Plant-based diets low in saturated fats, cholesterol, and sodium, but high in fiber, potassium, and unsaturated fats, have proven to be beneficial in reducing cardiovascular risk factors. This article emphasizes the role of nutrition in preventing and treating atherogenic dyslipidemia, providing current evidence for healthcare professionals.
CLINICA E INVESTIGACION EN ARTERIOSCLEROSIS
(2023)
Review
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Francisco Gomez-Delgado, Jose David Torres-Pena, Gema Gutierrez-Lara, Juan Luis Romero-Cabrera, Pablo Perez-Martinez
Summary: The purpose of this review is to analyze the impact of artificial sweeteners on cardiometabolic and cardiovascular disease risk. Recent evidence explores the influence of artificial sweeteners on risk factors such as obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. This review aims to provide an updated overview of the impact of artificial sweeteners on cardiovascular health and provide consumption recommendations.
CURRENT OPINION IN CARDIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Gracia M. Quintana-Navarro, Silvia de la Cruz-ares, Jose D. Torres-Pena, Magdalena P. Cardelo, Antonio P. Arenas-Larriva, Maria M. Malagon, Juan L. Romero-Cabrera, Jose M. Ordovas, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Javier Delgado-Lista, Elena M. Yubero-Serrano, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: Increasing plant protein intake can promote the remission of type 2 diabetes in coronary heart disease patients, especially in the first and second year of follow-up, according to the CORDIOPREV study.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NUTRITION
(2023)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Jose D. Torres-Pena, Antonio P. Arenas-de Larriva, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Javier Delgado-Lista
Summary: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease, and it is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. NAFLD is a global public health concern, affecting individuals of all ages, and its prevalence is expected to increase due to its connection with obesity. Genetic and lifestyle factors may modulate NAFLD and partly explain its relationship with cardiovascular disease (CVD). Currently, there is no specific drug for the treatment of NAFLD, and management relies on lifestyle modifications and a healthy diet.
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jose Antonio Santos-Marcos, Marina Mora-Ortiz, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Jose Lopez-Miranda, Antonio Camargo
Summary: Metabolic diseases, such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes, show sex differences in their development and prevalence, with sex hormones playing a role in sexual dimorphism. The interaction between steroid hormones and the gut microbiota influences these diseases, leading to a potential new therapeutic approach targeting the gut microbiota. This review focuses on the role of sex hormones in the development of metabolic diseases and their interaction with the gut microbiota, highlighting factors such as gut barrier integrity, inflammatory status, and the gut-brain axis.
BIOLOGY OF SEX DIFFERENCES
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Ana Ojeda-Rodriguez, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Oriol Alberto Rangel-Zuniga, Antonio Pablo Arenas-de Larriva, Francisco M. Gutierrez-Mariscal, Purificacion Gomez-Luna, Jose D. Torres-Pena, Antonio Garcia-Rios, Juan L. Romero-Cabrera, Maria M. Malagon, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Jose M. Ordovas, Javier Delgado-Lista, Elena M. Yubero-Serrano, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: In this study, the association between telomere length (TL) and the progression of arterial injury in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) was evaluated. It was found that patients with shorter TL had higher intima-media thickness of common carotid arteries (IMT-CC), while patients who followed a Mediterranean diet showed a significant decrease in IMT-CC, especially those with higher TL risk.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Alejandro Villasanta-Gonzalez, Marina Mora-Ortiz, Juan F. Alcala-Diaz, Lorenzo Rivas-Garcia, Jose D. Torres-Pena, Asuncion Lopez-Bascon, Monica Calderon-Santiago, Antonio P. Arenas-Larriva, Feliciano Priego-Capote, Maria M. Malagon, Fabian Eichelmann, Pablo Perez-Martinez, Javier Delgado-Lista, Matthias B. Schulze, Antonio Camargo, Jose Lopez-Miranda
Summary: This study identified a lipid profile associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in coronary heart disease patients. A highly sensitive model combining clinical variables and lipid species was established to identify patients at risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CARDIOVASCULAR DIABETOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
F. J. Rodriguez-Cortes, J. E. Jimenez-Hornero, J. F. Alcala-Diaz, R. M. Minarro-del Moral, J. L. Romero-Cabrera, R. Manfredini, M. A. Rodriguez-Borrego, P. J. Lopez-Soto
Summary: The study aimed to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on hospital admissions for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cerebrovascular disease (CVD) in Andalusia, Spain, and analyzed gender and procedural differences. The results showed significant reductions in daily hospital admissions for AMI and CVD during the pandemic. Gender differences were observed, but no significant impact was found in percutaneous coronary interventions.
EUROPEAN REVIEW FOR MEDICAL AND PHARMACOLOGICAL SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Greg M. Anderson, Jennifer W. Hill, Ursula B. Kaiser, Victor M. Navarro, Ken K. Ong, John R. B. Perry, Vincent Prevot, Manuel Tena-Sempere, Carol F. Elias
Summary: An individual's nutritional status has a significant impact on sexual maturation, with chronic energy insufficiency delaying puberty onset and energy abundance advancing it. The timing of puberty has profound consequences for human health, with late puberty increasing the risks of various disorders and early puberty associated with adult obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and certain cancers. Recent advances in the field have been achieved through the development of molecular tools and population genetics, leading to a better understanding of the nutritional and metabolic control of pubertal development.
NATURE REVIEWS ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)