Review
Cell Biology
Jirong Lv, Xue Xiao, Mingxia Bi, Tingting Tang, Deao Kong, Meining Diao, Qian Jiao, Xi Chen, Chunling Yan, Xixun Du, Hong Jiang
Summary: ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) play a crucial role in linking the electrical activity of the cell membrane with cell metabolism. They have been found to be expressed in various cells and play important roles in neurodegenerative diseases. The KATP channel openers and inhibitors have protective effects on neurons by regulating neuronal excitability and neurotransmitter release, reducing abnormal protein aggregation and Ca2+ overload, and decreasing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and microglia activation. However, KATP channels also exhibit dual effects in some cases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Zhicheng Wang, Weikang Bian, Yufeng Yan, Dai-Min Zhang
Summary: ATP-sensitive potassium channels (K-ATP channels) play important roles in cellular excitability and metabolism. Activation of K-ATP channels can repolarize the membrane potential and reduce the occurrence of arrhythmias. Under severe and prolonged anoxia, K-ATP channels open to decrease cellular excitability and prevent action potential generation. Small active molecules can enhance the opening of K-ATP channels, leading to membrane repolarization and decreased malignant arrhythmias. Mutations in K-ATP channels worsen the regulatory roles in mutation-related diseases. However, efficient treatments for patients with K-ATP channel mutations are still lacking.
FRONTIERS IN PHARMACOLOGY
(2022)
Review
Chemistry, Medicinal
Mohammad Al-Mahdi Al-Karagholi
Summary: Migraine is a complex headache disorder involving various signaling pathways, with potassium channels playing a crucial role. Activation of potassium channels activates and sensitizes trigeminovascular neurons, leading to migraine attacks. Clinical trials have shown that potassium channel openers cause headache and migraine attacks associated with arterial dilation. Understanding the molecular structure and physiological function of potassium channels can provide insights into migraine pathophysiology and the development of potential treatments.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michela Pecoraro, Stefania Marzocco, Ada Popolo
Summary: This study demonstrates a cooperative relationship between mCx43 and K-ATP channels in inducing cytoprotection in cardiomyocytes under hypoxic conditions. The presence of mCx43 is essential for the protective effects of diazoxide, an opener of K-ATP channels, against CoCl2-induced mitochondrial damage. These findings highlight the close functional link between mCx43 and K-ATP channels.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yang-Wen Hsieh, Yi-Wen Tsai, Hsin-Hung Lai, Chi-Yu Lai, Chiu-Ya Lin, Guor Mour Her
Summary: This study investigates the impact of alpha-MSH mutants on appetite regulation and weight gain in zebrafish, demonstrating the key role of alpha-MSH in appetite regulation and energy balance, suggesting its potential as a therapeutic target for treating human obesity.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Fengyan Meng, Yuping Wu, Yu Yu, Guixian Bu, Xiaogang Du, Qiuxia Liang, Xiaohan Cao, Anqi Huang, Xianyin Zeng, Linyan Huang, Fanli Kong, Yunkun Li, Xingfa Han
Summary: In this study, we cloned the full-length cDNA of SPX2 in chicken and found that it is widely expressed in various tissues, especially in the hypothalamus. It was upregulated in the hypothalamus after food deprivation and could suppress feeding behavior when peripheral injected. Mechanistically, cSPX2 acts as a satiety factor by upregulating CART and downregulating AGRP in the hypothalamus.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Cecilie Hundahl, Petra Kotzbeck, Hayley B. Burm, Soren H. Christiansen, Lola Torz, Aske W. Helge, Martin P. Madsen, Cecilia Ratner, Annette K. Serup, Jonatan J. Thompson, Thomas O. Eichmann, Tune H. Pers, David P. D. Woldbye, Daniele Piomelli, Bente Kiens, Rudolf Zechner, Louise J. Skov, Birgitte Holst
Summary: The study reveals the significance of central HSL in regulating food intake and body weight under conditions of acute stress and high-fat diet in mice, shedding light on the role of intracellular lipolysis in mammalian hypothalamus in appetite regulation.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2021)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Kenneth Prudence Abasubong, Guang-Zhen Jiang, Hui-Xing Guo, Xi Wang, Yang-yang Huang, Xiang-Fei Li, Dong Yan-zou, Wen-bin Liu, Hesham Eed Desouky
Summary: This study investigated the effects of a high-calorie diet on appetite and central AMPK in blunt snout bream. The results showed that the high-fat diet increased lipid intake, and all high-calorie diets led to higher energy intake. Long-term high-fat and high-carbohydrate diets increased plasma glucose, glycated serum protein, insulin and leptin levels. The expression of central AMPK pathway in the hypothalamus varied in different diet groups.
JOURNAL OF ANIMAL PHYSIOLOGY AND ANIMAL NUTRITION
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Dae Hoon Kim, Jin Young Choi, Su Mi Kim, Seung-Myoung Son, Song-Yi Choi, Beommo Koo, Cheong-Sil Rah, Ji Hyun Nam, Moon Jin Ju, Jong Sung Lee, Ra Young You, Seung Hwa Hong, Junyoung Lee, Jang-Whan Bae, Chan Hyung Kim, Woong Choi, Hun Sik Kim, Wen-Xie Xu, Sang Jin Lee, Young Chul Kim, Hyo-Yung Yun
Summary: This study aimed to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and physiological function of vasomotion in human arteries. The results showed that vasomotion is sensitive to Ca2+-activated Cl- channels and metabolic changes, and may play an important role in the regulation of microcirculation dynamics.
JOURNAL OF CELLULAR PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Asser F. Bedair, Ahmed Wahid, Nesrine S. El-Mezayen, Amira F. El-Yazbi, Hadeel A. Khalil, Nayera W. Hassan, Elham A. Afify
Summary: Previous studies showed that nicorandil enhances morphine's antinociceptive effect and attenuates liver injury in rats with liver fibrosis. In this study, the underlying mechanisms of the nicorandil/morphine interaction were investigated, revealing that the combined therapy provides potent antinociception and hepatoprotection by modulating opioid receptors and cGMP signaling pathway.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2023)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
A. S. Aderibigbe, K. M. Ajuwon, O. Adeola
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the regulation of appetite in broiler chickens by dietary phosphorus concentration. The results showed that a phosphorus-deficient diet decreased feed intake and body weight gain in chickens. It was found that the expression of anorexigenic genes in the gut and hypothalamus was altered in chickens fed a phosphorus-deficient diet. These findings indicate that dietary phosphorus deficiency can affect appetite regulation in broiler chickens.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Bilal Singh, Firas Khattab, Patrick Gilon
Summary: The study reveals that glucose controls alpha-cell [Ca2+](c) and glucagon secretion through multiple mechanisms. Increasing glucose concentration modestly decreases [Ca2+](c) in alpha-cells independently of their K-ATP channels and partly via somatostatin (SST). The changes in [Ca2+](c) parallel changes in glucagon release. Glucose also attenuates the efficacy of Ca2+ on exocytosis.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Bora Jeong, Kwang-Kon Kim, Tae-Hwan Lee, Han-Rae Kim, Byong-Seo Park, Jeong-Woo Park, Jin-Kwon Jeong, Jae-Young Seong, Byung-Ju Lee
Summary: This study found that SPX mediates the effect of leptin on energy homeostasis in the hypothalamus. Administration of SPX reduced food intake and body weight gain, and SPX expression was found in leptin receptor ObRb-positive cells in the hypothalamus. Leptin increased SPX expression and this effect was mediated by the STAT3 pathway.
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Khaled Benchoula, Ishwar S. Parhar, Wong Eng Hwa
Summary: Obesity is a complex disease resulting from an imbalance between energy expenditure and food intake, with sedentary lifestyles and overeating contributing to a rise in obesity and type 2 diabetes cases. The mechanisms of these diseases and their interactions are still unclear, with ongoing research aiming to clarify these aspects. VGF peptide and its derivatives may play a role in the development of obesity and diabetes, though conflicting studies on the function of VGF have been reported.
PHARMACOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Erkan Tuncay, Ivan Gando, Jian-Yi Huo, Gautham Yepuri, Natalie Sampler, Belma Turan, Hua-Qian Yang, Ravichandran Ramasamy, William A. Coetzee
Summary: Sirtuins are beneficial NAD+-dependent deacetylases that play roles in various human health conditions. In this study, researchers investigated the regulation of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels by sirtuins. They found that increasing NAD+ levels and activating sirtuins led to an increase in KATP channel current and surface expression. This finding has implications for cardiac protection against ischemic damage.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-CELL PHYSIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jae-Ho Kim, Hye-Na Cha, Yong-Woon Kim, So-Young Park
Summary: The results of this study suggest that Prx2 does not affect high-fat diet-induced oxidative stress and insulin resistance in mice.
ARCHIVES OF PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Seung Min Chung, Min Kyu Kang, Jinho Jung, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee, Rohit Loomba, Jung Gil Park, Jun Sung Moon
Summary: The study investigated the long-term effect of changes in hepatic steatosis on the risk of developing T2DM, finding that patients with persistent steatosis had a higher risk of diabetes. The initial severity and aggravation of steatosis are independent predictors of future development of T2DM.
DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE
(2022)
Article
Hematology
Il Rae Park, Jimi Choi, Eun Young Ha, Seung Min Chung, Jun Sung Moon, Sehyun Shin, Sin Gon Kim, Kyu Chang Won
Summary: This study investigated the diagnostic potential of a hemorheological parameter, critical shear stress (CSS), for diabetic kidney disease (DKD), and found that CSS can be used as an additive diagnostic index for DKD. In combination with albumin-to-creatinine ratio (ACR) and glomerular filtration rate (GFR), CSS can identify DKD more accurately.
CLINICAL HEMORHEOLOGY AND MICROCIRCULATION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Eun Ju Lee, Sibhghatulla Shaikh, Mohammad Hassan Baig, So-Young Park, Jeong Ho Lim, Syed Sayeed Ahmad, Shahid Ali, Khurshid Ahmad, Inho Choi
Summary: This study reports the potential of novel peptides MIF1 and MIF2 derived from MSTN in enhancing myogenesis and reducing adipogenesis. Modified MIF1 and MIF2 showed better cell proliferation and differentiation compared to non-modified peptides. Pretreatment of mice with (Ac)-MIF1 or (Ac)-MIF2-(NH2) promoted muscle regeneration.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jae Hyun Bae, Kyung-Do Han, Seung-Hyun Ko, Ye Seul Yang, Jong Han Choi, Kyung Mook Choi, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Kyu Chang Won
Summary: This study investigated the prevalence and management of diabetes mellitus in Korea. The results showed high prevalence of diabetes among Korean adults, with only a small percentage of patients achieving glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid controls. The study also highlighted gender differences in self-management behaviors.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ju Hee Lee, Kafi N. Ealey, Yash Patel, Navkiran Verma, Nikita Thakkar, So Young Park, Jae-Ryong Kim, Hoon-Ki Sung
Summary: The increased prevalence of obesity and metabolic diseases has led to the study of adipose tissue biology. Using CyTOF technology, this study characterized immune and stromal cells in different adipose tissue depots and identified distinct subtypes of adipose precursor cells with different responses to high-fat diet.
Article
Medical Laboratory Technology
Udayakumar Karunakaran, Suma Elumalai, Jun Sung Moon, Kyu Chang Won
Summary: Chronic oxidative stress plays a key role in beta-cell loss in diabetes, and recent studies have linked this loss to ferroptotic-like death. Oxidative stress leads to the loss of reduced/oxidized glutathione and degradation of glutathione peroxidase 4, promoting lipid peroxidation and ferroptotic-like cell damage. Inhibiting the c-Abl kinase and inducing ERRy preserves beta-cell function by increasing the GSH/GSSG ratio and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. This study provides evidence that ERRy-induced GLS1 expression augments the glutathione antioxidant system, improving beta-cell function and survival under oxidative stress conditions.
TRANSLATIONAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Physiology
Mohammad Hassan Baig, Khurshid Ahmad, Jun Sung Moon, So-Young Park, Jeong Ho Lim, Hee Jin Chun, Afsha Fatima Qadri, Ye Chan Hwang, Arif Tasleem Jan, Syed Sayeed Ahmad, Shahid Ali, Sibhghatulla Shaikh, Eun Ju Lee, Inho Choi
Summary: This article provides an overview of the functions of MSTN in muscle development and its involvement in various muscle-related disorders. Different methods and strategies used to inhibit MSTN activity are reviewed.
FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Seong Ho Kim, Ji Young Kim, Eun Song Kim, Il Rae Park, Eun Yeong Ha, Seung Min Chung, Jun Sung Moon, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee
Summary: This study found that early glycaemic variability (GV) is associated with increased 28-day mortality and prolonged ICU stay in critically ill patients with pneumonia. The presence of diabetes or HbA1c levels alone cannot predict the mortality and ICU stay in these patients. Patients with high GV, especially those with diabetes or low HbA1c levels, should be carefully treated to reduce mortality and prolong ICU stay.
ANNALS OF MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Seung Min Chung, Dong-Gyu Heo, Ju-Hyun Kim, Ji Sung Yoon, Hyoung Woo Lee, Jong-Yeon Kim, Jun Sung Moon, Kyu Chang Won
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum levels of PFOA and PFOS and diabetes. The results showed that exposure to PFOA and PFOS may have a detrimental effect on blood glucose, with particularly high risk for diabetes in individuals exposed to PFOA.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Yong-ho Lee, Doo-Man Kim, Jae Myung Yu, Kyung Mook Choi, Sin Gon Kim, Kang Seo Park, Hyun-Shik Son, Choon Hee Chung, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Soon Hee Lee, Ki-Ho Song, Su Kyoung Kwon, Hyeong Kyu Park, Kyu Chang Won, Hak Chul Jang
Summary: This study compared the effects of anagliptin 100 mg BID versus sitagliptin 100 mg QD on managing glycaemic variability and found that the anagliptin BID regimen was superior in blood glucose control after dinner, as indicated by MAGE and TIR, but was equivalent to the QD regimen in terms of HbA1c and FPG.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Jun Sung Moon, Nam Hoon Kim, Jin Oh Na, Jae Hyoung Cho, In-Kyung Jeong, Soon Hee Lee, Ji-Oh Mok, Nan Hee Kim, Dong Jin Chung, Jinhong Cho, Dong Woo Lee, Sun Woo Lee, Kyu Chang Won
Summary: This study evaluated the safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. It was found that empagliflozin had a good glycemic and weight-reducing effect, with no serious adverse events.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2023)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Kyu-Sun Lee, Junghyun Noh, Seong-Mi Park, Kyung Mook Choi, Seok-Min Kang, Kyu-Chang Won, Hyun-Jai Cho, Min Kyong Moon
Summary: Diabetes mellitus is a significant risk factor for heart failure, with worse prognosis in diabetic patients. Early diagnosis and proper management of heart failure in diabetic patients are crucial. This review discusses the diagnosis criteria, screening tools, recommended pharmacological therapies, and effects of anti-diabetic medications on heart failure.
DIABETES & METABOLISM JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Ye Seul Yang, Kyung Wan Min, Seok-O Park, Kyung-Soo Kim, Jae Myung Yu, Eun-Gyoung Hong, Sung Rae Cho, Kyu Chang Won, Yong Hyun Kim, Seungjoon Oh, Sung Hee Choi, Gwanpyo Koh, Wan Huh, Su Young Kim, Kyong Soo Park
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the efficacy and safety of enavogliflozin, a newly developed sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor, with placebo in Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The results showed that once-daily enavogliflozin monotherapy for 12 weeks is an effective, safe, and well-tolerated treatment for Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Suma Elumalai, Udayakumar Karunakaran, Kyu Chang Won, Seung Min Chung, Jun Sung Moon
Summary: Chronic exposure to perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) stimulates insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells through the activation of RAC1-NOX2/gp91phox and inhibition of cAMP/PKA signaling, resulting in mitochondrial dysfunction and endoplasmic stress. Inhibition of RAC1-NOX2/gp91phox activation or elevation of cAMP levels restores insulin secretory function. However, inhibition of cAMP/PKA signaling impairs pentoxifylline-induced insulin secretion. Overall, our study reveals the direct chronic effect of PFOS on β-cell failure and suggests potential therapeutic targets for PFOS-induced β-cell dysfunction.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)