Article
Chemistry, Medicinal
Aya M. Abd El-Latif, Mostafa A. Rabie, Rabab H. Sayed, Mai A. Abd El Fattah, Sanaa A. Kenawy
Summary: Growing evidence suggests that impaired autophagy mediated by AMPK activation plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of Parkinson's disease. Inosine, with its neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties, was found to improve motor function and restore neuronal activity in rotenone-induced PD rats by activating AMPK and enhancing autophagy. These findings support the potential application of inosine in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
DRUG DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Tushar Kamath, Evan Z. Macosko
Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the death of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. Recent advances in genomic profiling have identified specific pathways and genetic variants involved in the susceptibility of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease. This provides new opportunities for understanding and developing therapies for this complex disorder.
MOVEMENT DISORDERS
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marta Gonzalez-Sepulveda, Joan Compte, Thais Cuadros, Alba Nicolau, Camille Guillard-Sirieix, Nuria Penuelas, Marina Lorente-Picon, Annabelle Parent, Jordi Romero-Gimenez, Joana M. Cladera-Sastre, Ariadna Laguna, Miquel Vila
Summary: Neurons that accumulate the highest levels of neuromelanin with age are also the most susceptible to degeneration in Parkinson's disease. Using a neuromelanin-producing rat model, Gonzalez-Sepulveda, Compte et al. show that slowing down age-dependent neuromelanin production can help prevent Parkinson's disease-like features.
Article
Plant Sciences
Ziying Wang, Jinshuai Cui, Dongni Li, Shuzhen Ran, Junqing Huang, Gang Chen
Summary: In this study, a natural compound called morin was found to promote mitophagy and have therapeutic effects on a Parkinson's disease mouse model. Morin acts by activating the AMPK-ULK1 pathway and promoting nuclear translocation of the mitophagy regulator TFEB. This research lays the foundation for the potential use of morin as a clinical drug for Parkinson's disease treatment.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xingxing Jian, Guihu Zhao, He Chen, Yanhui Wang, Jinchen Li, Lu Xie, Bin Li
Summary: This study utilized transcriptomics analysis to identify several hub DEGs between PD patients and normal controls, showing high correlations among these genes. A Cox model with an eight-gene signature was constructed to predict PD progression and survival successfully in an independent dataset, highlighting the clinical significance of these findings.
COMPUTATIONAL AND STRUCTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Iqra Hussain, Harini K. Sureshkumar, Michael Bauer, Ignacio Rubio
Summary: This study investigates the role of caloric restriction in the resilience of hepatocytes to inflammatory cell damage and reveals that caloric restriction can reliably protect hepatocytes from cellular damage caused by pro-inflammatory cytokines. The activation of mTORC1 in starved hepatocytes is crucial for sustaining protein synthesis in resistant cells and is uncoupled from the regulation of autophagy.
Review
Clinical Neurology
Xishun Ma, Tongxia Li, Lizhen Du, Tongliang Han
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a common nervous system disease with motor retardation and resting tremor as its main manifestations. Early diagnosis of Parkinson's disease is difficult, but transcranial sonography has been widely used for its diagnosis and treatment. This article reviews the recent advances in the study of Parkinson's disease using transcranial sonography.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anuradha Rachakatla, Rajender Rao Kalashikam
Summary: Properly planned calorie restriction (CR) with regular exercise can lead to healthy weight loss and have beneficial effects on lifespan and age-associated diseases. The pathways regulated by CR include AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Forkhead box transcription factor, mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) pathway, nuclear factor kappa B pathway, and stress response pathways. CR can have both acute and chronic effects on mental health and brain function. It can also affect the health and development of offspring through epigenetic modifications. CR at middle and old age has a significant preventive impact against age-associated diseases.
DNA AND CELL BIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Health Care Sciences & Services
Niels Bergsland, Laura Pelizzari, Maria Marcella Lagana, Sonia Di Tella, Federica Rossetto, Raffaello Nemni, Mario Clerici, Francesca Baglio
Summary: This study demonstrates robust and clinically meaningful associations between substantia nigra microstructure and Parkinson's disease, particularly showing a significant correlation between axial diffusivity in SNpc and UPDRS III scores in PD patients.
JOURNAL OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE
(2021)
Review
Cell Biology
Samir Kumar Beura, Abhishek Ramachandra Panigrahi, Pooja Yadav, Sunil Kumar Singh
Summary: Parkinson's disease is a common neurodegenerative disease characterized by motor and non-motor dysfunctions. Platelets play an important role in Parkinson's disease and may be a target for treatment.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hefei Wang, Dewei He, Zhe Li, Xiyu Gao, Shuo Yang, Mingchi Cui, Bojian Ye, Bingxu Huang, Shoupeng Fu, Dianfeng Liu
Summary: Sophoricoside (SOP) has potential therapeutic effects in Parkinson's disease (PD) by targeting neuroinflammation and neuronal apoptosis, as it inhibits inflammatory responses and neuronal apoptosis in PD animal models.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Food Science & Technology
Lei Wang, Shengyu Li, Yu Jiang, Zijian Zhao, Yunjiao Shen, Junjie Zhang, Lei Zhao
Summary: Probiotic Lactobacillus plantarum DP189 has a significant protective effect on the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of Parkinson's disease mice, improving behavioral abilities and increasing neurotransmitter levels.
JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL FOODS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Sangeun Han, Min Hyung Seo, Sabina Lim, Sujung Yeo
Summary: This study suggests a potential association between reduced ITGA7 expression and increased alpha-syn expression and apoptosis of dopaminergic cells in an MPTP-induced PD mouse model. This is the first study to show a link between ITGA7 and PD.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Laura Saari, Emmilotta A. Backman, Pia Wahlsten, Maria Gardberg, Valtteri Kaasinen
Summary: This study found a possible link between individual adult height and nigral neuron numbers in patients with LBDs, including PD.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Krzysztof Dzieciol, Elene Iordanishvili, Zaheer Abbas, Adjmal Nahimi, Michael Winterdahl, N. Jon Shah
Summary: The study proposes a method to investigate changes in quantitative MRI parameters near the substantia nigra without the need for a prior delineation, revealing pathology in Parkinson's disease. Patients with Parkinson's disease showed a decrease in free water content, T-1, and T-2* in the vicinity of the substantia nigra.
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Stephen C. Cunnane, Eugenia Trushina, Cecilie Morland, Alessandro Prigione, Gemma Casadesus, Zane B. Andrews, M. Flint Beal, Linda H. Bergersen, Roberta D. Brinton, Suzanne de la Monte, Anne Eckert, Jenni Harvey, Ross Jeggo, Jack H. Jhamandas, Oliver Kann, Clothide Mannoury la Cour, William F. Martin, Gilles Mithieux, Paula Moreira, Michael P. Murphy, Klaus-Armin Nave, Tal Nuriel, Stephane H. R. Oliet, Frederic Saudou, Mark P. Mattson, Russell H. Swerdlow, Mark J. Millan
NATURE REVIEWS DRUG DISCOVERY
(2020)
Review
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sasha Rawlinson, Zane B. Andrews
Summary: Insulin, traditionally known for its role in diabetes treatment and blood glucose regulation, has also been found to affect neurotransmitters in the brain, impacting both metabolism and mood disorders.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Garron T. Dodd, Seung Jae Kim, Mathieu Mequinion, Chrysovalantou E. Xirouchaki, Jens C. Bruening, Zane B. Andrews, Tony Tiganis
Summary: This study highlights the importance of hypothalamic insulin signaling in regulating feeding and glucose metabolism. Insulin acting on AgRP neurons can reduce meal size and limit postprandial glucose and insulin excursions, as well as prevent the development of systemic insulin resistance. Enhancing insulin signaling in AgRP neurons may be a potential approach to alter feeding behavior and combat metabolic syndrome in a nutrient-dense environment.
Editorial Material
Endocrinology & Metabolism
David R. Grattan, Zane B. Andrews
Summary: The Special Issue commemorates the 100th anniversary of the discovery of insulin, highlighting its diverse actions in neuroendocrine function with great potential for advancements in human health.
JOURNAL OF NEUROENDOCRINOLOGY
(2021)
Editorial Material
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Zane B. Andrews
Summary: Neural circuits play a role in regulating food intake by responding to internal hunger and hedonic cues. This study used a hunger discrimination task and genetic manipulation to identify circuits involved in driving food intake.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Katharina Voigt, Adeel Razi, Ian H. Harding, Zane B. Andrews, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
Summary: The study found that excess weight and obesity lead to persistent top-down excitation of the hypothalamus, regardless of the homeostatic state, and reduced excitation of the dorso-lateral to ventromedial prefrontal cortex during hunger. These results support the views of impaired self-regulation and non-hunger-related eating behavior in obesity.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBESITY
(2021)
Article
Biology
Alex Reichenbach, Rachel E. Clarke, Romana Stark, Sarah Haas Lockie, Mathieu Mequinion, Harry Dempsey, Sasha Rawlinson, Felicia Reed, Tara Sepehrizadeh, Michael DeVeer, Astrid C. Munder, Juan Nunez-Iglesias, David C. Spanswick, Randall Mynatt, Alexxai Kravitz, Christopher Dayas, Robyn Brown, Zane B. Andrews
Summary: This study found that metabolic sensing in AgRP neurons is crucial for regulating motivation for food reward by modulating dopamine release in the striatum.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Sasha Rawlinson, Alex Reichenbach, Rachel E. Clarke, Juan Nunez-Iglesias, Harry Dempsey, Sarah H. Lockie, Zane B. Andrews
Summary: This study found that hypoglycemia and glucose deprivation inhibit the activity of VMH Vglut2 neurons, while hyperglycemia does not. This suggests that VMH Vglut2 neurons may not be the main driving factors required for initiating the counterregulatory response.
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Helen J. Rushby, Zane B. Andrews, Matthew D. W. Piper, Christen K. Mirth
Summary: Modifying the proportions of macronutrients in the diet has significant effects on the reproduction and health of animals. In this study, using capillary feeding assays, we explored how adult fruit flies compromise their nutrient intake when limited to single diets. We found that young male and female flies compromised by consuming more food on diets with low protein to carbohydrate ratios. Additionally, female flies showed greater variations in carbohydrate intake compared to males, and mated females consumed more food than virgin females.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Romana Stark, Jack Feehan, Aya Mousa, Zane B. B. Andrews, Barbora de Courten
Summary: This study identified an association between liver-expressed antimicrobial peptide 2 (LEAP2) levels and key cardiometabolic risk factors in individuals with overweight and obesity, including body fat, insulin secretion, and insulin resistance. LEAP2 may represent a potential therapeutic target to promote insulin secretion in individuals with type 2 diabetes and obesity.
DIABETES OBESITY & METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Biology
Kaixin Huang, Laura K. Milton, Harry Dempsey, Stephen J. Power, Kyna-Anne Conn, Zane B. Andrews, Claire J. Foldi
Summary: Anorexia nervosa is a psychiatric disorder with a high mortality rate. Cognitive inflexibility is associated with the disorder, but it is unclear whether it predisposes individuals to anorexia nervosa. Previous animal studies using the activity-based anorexia model have shown a link between cognitive inflexibility and pathological weight loss. However, testing flexible learning in the same animals before exposure to the activity-based anorexia model has been difficult. This study presents a fully-automated and experimenter-free touchscreen cognitive testing system for rats and examines the relationship between reversal learning and weight loss in the activity-based anorexia model. The findings provide insights into the connection between cognitive inflexibility and pathological weight loss and offer potential targets for future research on pharmacotherapies for anorexia nervosa.
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Felicia Reed, Alex Reichenbach, Harry Dempsey, Rachel E. Clarke, Mathieu Mequinion, Romana Stark, Sasha Rawlinson, Claire J. Foldi, Sarah H. Lockie, Zane B. Andrews
Summary: This study reveals that hunger and the environmental context can increase food-seeking behavior, and the activity of AgRP neurons plays a crucial role in this process. Precise temporal control of AgRP neuron activity is necessary for the development of the context-induced feeding response.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Wang Lok So, Jiachen Hu, Lotus Jeffs, Harry Dempsey, Sarah H. Lockie, Jeffrey M. Zigman, Romana Stark, Alex Reichenbach, Zane B. Andrews
Summary: The sensory detection of food suppresses AgRP neuronal activity, and ghrelin receptor signaling on AgRP neurons integrates energy need with external sensory cues to produce an optimal change in AgRP neural activity.
MOLECULAR METABOLISM
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Multidisciplinary
Megan Whatnall, Janelle Skinner, Antonio Verdejo-Garcia, Adrian Carter, Robyn M. Brown, Zane B. Andrews, Chris V. Dayas, Charlotte A. Hardman, Natalie Loxton, Priya Sumithran, Tracy Burrows
Summary: The study found differences in the agreement with symptoms of addictive eating among different health professions, with psychologists, psychotherapists, and counsellors showing lower agreement to certain statements. Professionals providing advice for disordered eating also had lower agreement compared to those providing advice for overweight/obesity. However, there were minimal differences based on the population group/s that health professionals work with.
BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Nutrition & Dietetics
Mathieu Mequinion, Claire J. Foldi, Zane B. Andrews
FRONTIERS IN NUTRITION
(2020)