Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Michael Kilian, Theresa Bunse, Wolfgang Wick, Michael Platten, Lukas Bunse
Summary: Malignant glioma remains a devastating disease for which standard treatment is limited to resection and radiochemotherapy. Despite promising results in other tumor types, CAR T cell therapy for glioma has yet to show significant clinical efficacy. The emerging field of transgenic TCR therapy may offer a potent alternative for overcoming antigenic limitations in glioma cell therapy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Sophia Stock, Anna-Kristina Kluever, Luisa Fertig, Vivien D. Menkhoff, Marion Subklewe, Stefan Endres, Sebastian Kobold
Summary: The clinical application of CAR T-cell therapy has revolutionized the treatment options for certain terminally ill patients with blood-borne cancers. However, the therapy can lead to severe toxicities, and efforts are being made to better control CAR T-cell activity and manage its associated side effects through various strategies and mechanisms.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Houhui Shi, Kai Li, Yanghong Ni, Xiao Liang, Xia Zhao
Summary: T cell-based immunotherapy plays a crucial role in cancer treatment, but many patients still do not benefit from it. Researchers have identified myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) as a key factor in immunotherapy resistance and are exploring combination therapies to improve efficacy.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Rodrigo C. C. De Marco, Hector J. J. Monzo, Paivi M. Ojala
Summary: With the continuous advancements in immunotherapy and precision medicine, adoptive cell therapy (ACT) has emerged as a new treatment approach in oncology. Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cells, genetically modified lymphocytes, have shown promising results in targeting and killing cancer cells. Commercialization of CAR T cell therapy has paved the way for future bright developments.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Review
Oncology
Maryam Akhoundi, Mahsa Mohammadi, Seyedeh Saeideh Sahraei, Mohsen Sheykhhasan, Nashmin Fayazi
Summary: CAR T cell therapy has shown great potential in treating hematologic malignancies, but faces challenges in treating solid tumors, including treatment-related toxicity and specificity. In order to enhance the specificity and overcome immunosuppression, strategies to establish a balance between toxicity and activity of CAR T cells are essential for optimizing efficacy.
Review
Oncology
Damie J. Juat, Stephanie J. Hachey, John Billimek, Michael P. Del Rosario, Edward L. Nelson, Christopher C. W. Hughes, Jason A. Zell
Summary: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the US. Adoptive T-cell therapy (ACT), leveraging the body's own immune system to recognize and target cancer, has gained popularity. This review summarizes the current data on the efficacy and safety of ACT in advanced CRC.
Review
Oncology
David Andreu-Sanz, Sebastian Kobold
Summary: While CD8(+) T cells have been the focus of most cancer immunotherapy approaches, increasing evidence indicates that CD4(+) T cells also play a crucial role in tumor elimination. These T cells can differentiate into different subsets, which have diverse effects on tumor progression depending on the cytokine milieu. This review provides an overview of the role of T helper subsets in the immune system, their implications in cancer immunology, and their applications in adoptive T-cell therapy.
Review
Oncology
Matthew B. Watowich, Mark R. Gilbert, Mioara Larion
Summary: Despite advancements in understanding tumor biology, malignant gliomas in the central nervous system (CNS) remain incurable. T cell exhaustion, characterized by reduced effector function, sustained expression of inhibitory receptors, metabolic dysfunction, and epigenetic alterations, contributes to the failure of immunotherapy in CNS cancers. This article highlights recent progress in identifying the drivers of T cell exhaustion in glioma microenvironment and potential strategies to reverse this immune suppressive phenotype. Directly targeting immunosuppressive drivers in brain cancers would be a significant advancement in immunotherapy.
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Ella S. Atsavapranee, Margaret M. Billingsley, Michael J. Mitchell
Summary: Genetic engineering has transformed cancer immunotherapy by modifying primary T cells to enhance their therapeutic potential, with studies and clinical trials supporting the effectiveness of this approach.
Review
Immunology
Ling Ma, Yanmin Feng, Zishan Zhou
Summary: Due to their antitumor and MHC-independent capacities, ?d T cells have gained popularity in adoptive T-cell immunotherapy. However, there are still many unknowns and limited clinical data. This review aims to describe the main features of ?d T cell applications and provide a systematic view of current ?d T-cell immunotherapy, including their performance in cancer treatment, ongoing clinical trials, and their role in the pharmaceutical industry.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Sandhya Sharma, Mae Woods, Naren U. Mehta, Tim Sauer, Kathan S. Parikh, Michael Schmuck-Henneresse, Huimin Zhang, Birju Mehta, Malcolm K. Brenner, Helen E. Heslop, Cliona M. Rooney
Summary: This study found that depleting naive T cells before extracting antigen-specific T cells from patients can enhance their expansion, antigen specificity, and therapeutic potency. By using CD45RA-depleted PBMCs, EBV-specific T cells were successfully generated and applied in clinical trials for lymphoma and viral infections.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Lingling Ou, Huaishan Wang, Qin Liu, Jie Zhang, Hezhe Lu, Liangping Luo, Changzheng Shi, Shaoqiang Lin, Liyun Dong, Yeye Guo, Lili Huang, Jinjin Zhu, Xiangfan Yin, Alexander C. Huang, Giorgos Karakousis, Lynn Schuchter, Ravi Amaravadi, Cathy Zheng, Yi Fan, Wei Guo, Xiaowei Xu
Summary: Examination of circulating levels of gamma-delta T cells in healthy donors can be used to select individuals for gamma-delta T-based immunotherapies, as the functions of gamma-delta T cells correlate with their levels in the blood. Donors with higher V delta 2 Index Scores exhibit greater anti-tumor functions, including migratory function and cytotoxicity.
JOURNAL FOR IMMUNOTHERAPY OF CANCER
(2021)
Review
Immunology
Yifan Xu, Jin Jiang, Yutong Wang, Wei Wang, Haokun Li, Wenyu Lai, Zhipeng Zhou, Wei Zhu, Zheng Xiang, Zhiming Wang, Zhe Zhu, Lingfeng Yu, Xiaolan Huang, Hua Zheng, Sha Wu
Summary: Gynecologic malignancies are leading causes of death among women worldwide, and adoptive T cell therapy using engineered T cells has shown promising efficacy in treating tumors. Ongoing research is driving the application of this therapy in the treatment of gynecologic malignancies.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Marion Mallet, Rasha E. Boulos, Vincent Alcazer, Paola Bonaventura, Yann Estornes, Nicolas Chuvin, Stephane Depil
Summary: This study compares the efficacy of cancer vaccines and Tg-T cell strategies in different tumor burdens. The study found that high doses of T cell infusion can achieve clinical efficacy, while therapeutic vaccines are more suitable for low or moderate tumor burdens.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2022)
Review
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Estelle Baulu, Celia Gardett, Nicolas Chuvin, Stephane Depil
Summary: T cell engineering has revolutionized cancer immunotherapy. Chimeric antigen receptor T cells have shown great efficacy in treating B cell malignancies, while T cells expressing engineered T cell receptors (TCR-T cells) offer a promising therapeutic alternative for solid tumors. This review summarizes clinical results and methods for identifying and optimizing TCR candidates, discusses challenges such as toxicity assessment and resistance mechanisms, and highlights future directions in the field.