Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Ethan J. Sanford, William J. Comstock, Vitor M. Faca, Stephanie C. Vega, Robert Gnugge, Lorraine S. Symington, Marcus B. Smolka
Summary: The Mec1/ATR kinase plays a crucial role in genome maintenance in response to genotoxic insults by promoting context-dependent signaling and DNA repair. This study highlights a distinct Mec1 signaling response triggered by hyper-resection, which influences the outcomes of DNA recombination.
Article
Cell Biology
Huihui Zhang, Fanlin Li, Jiang Cao, Xin Wang, Hai Cheng, Kunming Qi, Gang Wang, Kailin Xu, Junnian Zheng, Yang-Xin Fu, Xuanming Yang
Summary: By modifying the CAR structure and incorporating the OX40 costimulatory signal, researchers enhanced the antitumor performance of CAR-T cells, promoting cell proliferation, reducing apoptosis, and demonstrating robust antitumor activity in mouse models and patients with metastatic lymphoma.
SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Kaj M. Kreutzfeldt, Robert S. Jansen, Travis E. Hartman, Alexandre Gouzy, Ruojun Wang, Inna Krieger, Matthew D. Zimmerman, Martin Gengenbacher, Jansy P. Sarathy, Min Xie, Veronique Dartois, James C. Sacchettini, Kyu Y. Rhee, Dirk Schnappinger, Sabine Ehrt
Summary: The protein CinA in Mycobacterium tuberculosis mediates drug tolerance by cleaving NAD-drug adducts, suggesting it as a potential target for shortening tuberculosis treatment by enhancing the efficacy of currently used antibiotics. By reducing the fraction of drug-tolerant persisters, genetic inactivation of cinA accelerated the killing of Mtb by four antibiotics. Deletion of CinA also increased in vivo killing of Mtb by a combination of pretomanid, bedaquiline, and linezolid.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniel T. Thoresen, Drew Galls, Benjamin Gotte, Wenshuai Wang, Anna M. Pyle
Summary: In this study, it was found that RIG-I can be rapidly and efficiently activated by small quantities of viral RNA and that it relies on the resident pool of RIG-I receptors for a strong antiviral response. Live-cell imaging showed that RIG-I signaling occurs without mass aggregation at the mitochondrial membrane, and interferon-induced RIG-I protein forms cytosolic aggregates that are functionally unrelated to signaling. These findings suggest that endogenous RIG-I efficiently recognizes viral RNA and rapidly relays an antiviral signal to MAVS via a transient signaling complex, while cellular aggregates of RIG-I have a distinct function from signaling.
Article
Cell Biology
Wanchun Yang, Dejiang Pang, Mina Chen, Chongyangzi Du, Lanlan Jia, Luoling Wang, Yunling He, Wanxiang Jiang, Liping Luo, Zongyan Yu, Mengqian Mao, Qiuyun Yuan, Ping Tang, Xiaoqiang Xia, Yiyuan Cui, Bo Jing, Alexander Platero, Yanhui Liu, Yuquan Wei, Paul F. Worley, Bo Xiao
Summary: Rheb regulates mitochondrial energy production through PDH activation, maintaining neuronal activity balance. Cell-specific Rheb genetic models highlight the importance of the Rheb-PDH axis in modulating PDH phosphorylation/activity, acetyl-CoA, and ATP levels.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Biology
Leonie Schnell, Alina Zubrod, Nicola Catone, Johanna Bialas, Annette Aichem
Summary: The ubiquitin-like modifier FAT10 plays an important role in protein degradation and is up-regulated in various cell types. While USE1 was previously thought to be the sole E2 enzyme for FAT10ylation, we identified additional E2 conjugating enzymes that are involved in FAT10 conjugation. This finding expands the field of FAT10 research and provides new possibilities for pharmacological interventions to regulate FAT10 conjugation under inflammatory conditions and/or viral infections.
LIFE SCIENCE ALLIANCE
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Feixiang Bao, Lingyan Zhou, Rui Zhou, Qiaoying Huang, Junguo Chen, Sheng Zeng, Yi Wu, Liang Yang, Shufang Qian, Mengfei Wang, Xueying He, Shan Liang, Juntao Qi, Ge Xiang, Qi Long, Jingyi Guo, Zhongfu Ying, Yanshuang Zhou, Qiuge Zhao, Jiwei Zhang, Di Zhang, Wei Sun, Mi Gao, Hao Wu, Yifan Zhao, Jinfu Nie, Min Li, Quan Chen, Jiekai Chen, Xiao Zhang, Guangjin Pan, Hong Zhang, Mingtao Li, Mei Tian, Xingguo Liu
Summary: Mitochondrial quality control is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial homeostasis and function. Disruption of this control can lead to degradation in brain function. The drug flunarizine, known to cause parkinsonism with chronic use, was found to induce parkinsonism-like motor dysfunction and decrease mitochondrial mass specifically in the brain. The study also revealed a lysosome-associated exocytosis process of mitochondria, which may participate in the drug-induced parkinsonism.
Article
Virology
Elisa Fanunza, Adam Z. Z. Cheng, Ashley A. Auerbach, Bojana Stefanovska, Sofia N. Moraes, James R. Lokensgard, Matteo Biolatti, Valentina Dell'Oste, Craig J. Bierle, Wade A. Bresnahan, Reuben S. Harris
Summary: Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infections can range from asymptomatic to severe. HCMV has developed strategies to overcome host-encoded antiviral defenses. HCMV infection causes APOBEC3B to relocalize from the nuclear compartment to the cytoplasm, suggesting a potential antiviral strategy against HCMV.
JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Jenn-Haung Lai, De-Wei Wu, Chien-Hsiang Wu, Li-Feng Hung, Chuan-Yueh Huang, Shuk-Man Ka, Ann Chen, Zee-Fen Chang, Ling-Jun Ho
Summary: The study revealed the critical role of mitochondrial CMPK2 in regulating immune response and viral production after dengue virus infection, highlighting its importance in modulating antiviral activity and inflammatory responses.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Ricardo J. Samms, Michael E. Christe, Kyla A. L. Collins, Valentina Pirro, Brian A. Droz, Adrienne K. Holland, Jessica L. Friedrich, Samantha Wojnicki, Debra L. Konkol, Richard Cosgrove, Ellen P. S. Conceicao Furber, Xiaoping Ruan, Libbey S. O'Farrell, Annie M. Long, Mridula Dogra, Jill A. Willency, Yanzhu Lin, Liyun Ding, Christine C. Cheng, Over Cabrera, Daniel A. Briere, Jorge Alsina-Fernandez, Ruth E. Gimeno, Julie S. Moyers, Tamer Coskun, Matthew P. Coghlan, Kyle W. Sloop, William C. Roell
Summary: Tirzepatide, a dual GIP and GLP-1 receptor agonist, improves insulin sensitivity in obese mice to a greater extent than GLP-1R agonism. This effect is associated with enhanced glucose disposal in white adipose tissue and reduction of branched-chain amino acids in the circulation. The upregulation of genes related to the catabolism of glucose, lipid, and BCAAs in brown adipose tissue contributes to the improved insulin sensitivity by tirzepatide.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Akihito Ishikita, Shouji Matsushima, Soichiro Ikeda, Kosuke Okabe, Ryohei Nishimura, Tomonori Tadokoro, Nobuyuki Enzan, Taishi Yamamoto, Masashi Sada, Yoshitomo Tsutsui, Ryo Miyake, Masataka Ikeda, Tomomi Ide, Shintaro Kinugawa, Hiroyuki Tsutsui
Summary: The molecular mechanisms of cardiac hypertrophy induced by glucose metabolism remain incompletely understood. The Hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) plays a key role in mediating cardiac hypertrophy through protein O-GlcNAcylation and Akt activation. GFAT2, a critical enzyme in the HBP pathway, is identified as a major isoform in the heart and is involved in regulating cardiomyocyte hypertrophy.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Toshihide Kashihara, Risa Mukai, Shin-ichi Oka, Peiyong Zhai, Yasuki Nakada, Zhi Yang, Wataru Mizushima, Tsutomu Nakahara, Junco S. Warren, Maha Abdellatif, Junichi Sadoshima
Summary: The heart utilizes multiple adaptive mechanisms to maintain pump function, with YAP playing a crucial role in inducing compensatory cardiac hypertrophy through promoting glycolysis and upregulating the GLUT1 gene. This leads to the accumulation of glycolytic metabolites and ultimately promotes cardiac hypertrophy.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Marin Matic, Pasquale Miglionico, Manae Tatsumi, Asuka Inoue, Francesco Raimondi
Summary: Selective formation of GPCR-G protein complexes is crucial for regulating signal transduction. By using a data-driven approach, the authors demonstrate that the structures of experimental and predicted complex interfaces provide information on G protein binding preferences. GPCRs are key regulators of cell signaling, transducing extracellular stimuli into the cell through selective coupling to intracellular G proteins. The authors conduct a computational analysis to investigate the structural determinants of G protein coupling in experimental and predicted 3D GPCR-G protein complexes.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Tram Thuy Thuy Nguyen, Yun Hui Choi, Won-Kyu Lee, Yeounjung Ji, Eunho Chun, Yi Hyo Kim, Joo-Eun Lee, Hyun Suk Jung, Ji Hun Suh, Sunghoon Kim, Mirim Jin
Summary: While cytoplasmic tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (WARS1) ligates tryptophan (Trp) to its cognate tRNAs for protein synthesis, it can also be secreted through two distinct pathways: Trp-dependent secretion of naked protein and Trp-independent plasma-membrane-derived vesicles (PMVs). In the direct pathway, Trp binding induces a closed conformation of WARS1, allowing it to pass across the membrane. In the PMV-mediated secretion, WARS1 recruits activated calpain 2 and is released from PMVs, leading to inflammatory responses in vivo.
Article
Nanoscience & Nanotechnology
Wenbin Jian, Wenli Zhang, Bingchi Wu, Xueer Wei, Wanling Liang, Xiaoshan Zhang, Fuwang Wen, Lei Zhao, Jian Yin, Ke Lu, Xueqing Qiu
Summary: In this study, nitrogen-doped lignin-derived porous carbon (NLPC) was prepared as electrode materials for electrochemical capacitors (ECs) using enzymatic hydrolysis lignin. By comparing the surface capacitance with different electrolytes, it was found that NLPC significantly improved the energy density.
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
(2022)
Review
Oncology
John Kang, Russell Schwartz, John Flickinger, Sushil Beriwal
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2015)
Article
Oncology
David Minkoff, Beant S. Gill, John Kang, Sushil Beriwal
RADIOTHERAPY AND ONCOLOGY
(2015)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
John Kang, Kathleen M. Puskar, Allen J. Ehrlicher, Philip R. LeDuc, Russell S. Schwartz
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2015)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
J. Kang, C. W. Doucette, H. Zhang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2017)
Review
Oncology
John Kang, Tiziana Rancati, Sangkyu Lee, Jung Hun Oh, Sarah L. Kerns, Jacob G. Scott, Russell Schwartz, Seyoung Kim, Barry S. Rosenstein
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2018)
Meeting Abstract
Oncology
J. Kang, C. W. Doucette, I. El Naqa, H. Zhang
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION ONCOLOGY BIOLOGY PHYSICS
(2018)
Review
Oncology
Michael T. Milano, Alina Mihai, John Kang, Deepinder P. Singh, Vivek Verma, Haoming Qiu, Yuhchyau Chen, Feng-Ming (Spring) Kong
EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY
(2019)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Vineeth Reddy Karnati, Teja Munaga, Kalyan Kumar Gonavaram, Bandhu Amitava
GEOMICROBIOLOGY JOURNAL
(2020)
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
John Kang, James T. Coates, Robert L. Strawderman, Barry S. Rosenstein, Sarah L. Kerns
Article
Oncology
John Kang, Reid F. Thompson, Sanjay Aneja, Constance Lehman, Andrew Trister, James Zou, Ceferino Obcemea, Issam El Naqa
Summary: The article discusses the importance of training radiation oncologists and medical physicists in data science to effectively utilize AI in clinical practice. Action points for future trainees interested in radiation oncology AI include raising awareness, implementing practical curriculum, creating a database of resources, and accelerating learning and funding opportunities to facilitate the translation of AI into clinical practice.
PRACTICAL RADIATION ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dipanwita Maity, Rajasekhara Reddy Katreddy, Amitava Bandhu
Summary: The study focused on characterizing the Mce1R operon in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, revealing its importance in lipid metabolism/transport, host cell invasion, modulation of host immune response, and pathogenicity. The study identified the DNA-binding activity of Mce1R, showing moderate affinity compared to other regulators within the FCD family. The structural analysis suggested a dynamic N-terminal DNA-binding domain and a stable C-terminal domain, with a cavity containing conserved residues that could serve as a potential target site for novel anti-tuberculosis drug discovery.
MOLECULAR BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence
Yang Ye, Yangming Shi, Pengxiang Xia, John Kang, Oshin Tyagi, Ranjana K. Mehta, Jing Du
Summary: During search and rescue missions, effective memorization and retrieval of critical spatial information is crucial for firefighters to reduce risks and increase efficiency. Different formats of wayfinding information have been found to impact search and rescue performance in various ways, but there is limited understanding of firefighters' cognitive processes related to these formats. A Virtual Reality (VR) experiment was conducted to evaluate firefighters' performance and cognitive characteristics, revealing that cognitive load and fatigue levels were lower and wayfinding performance was better when firefighters made more effective cognitive decisions at critical waypoints. On the other hand, using landmark information resulted in consistently high cognitive load and increased mental fatigue.
ADVANCED ENGINEERING INFORMATICS
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Dipanwita Maity, Dheeraj Singh, Amitava Bandhu
Summary: Mce1R, a VanR-type regulator, transcriptionally regulates the mce1 operon of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by binding specific ligands. This study computationally identified Mce1R-specific ligands and found that it preferably binds to long-chain fatty acids, leading to distinct structural changes.
MOLECULAR DIVERSITY
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Anshu K. Jain, Sanjay Aneja, Clifton D. Fuller, Adam P. Dicker, Caroline Chung, Erika Kim, Justin S. Kirby, Harry Quon, Clara J. K. Lam, William C. Louv, Chris Ahern, Ying Xiao, Todd R. McNutt, Nadine Housri, Ronald D. Ennis, John Kang, Ying Tang, Howard Higley, Michelle A. Berny-Lang, Kevin A. Camphausen
JCO CLINICAL CANCER INFORMATICS
(2020)