Article
Cell Biology
Yuan Xiao, Jia-Wen Xiang, Qian Gao, Yue-Yue Bai, Zhao-Xia Huang, Xiao-Hui Hu, Ling Wang, David Wan-Cheng Li
Summary: Research has shown that Mab21L1 promotes survival of lens epithelial cells by regulating the expression of αB-crystallin and suppressing the ATR/CHK1/p53 pathway. This finding contributes to a better understanding of the functional mechanism of Mab21L1.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Chenxi Fu, Jingjie Xu, Xiaoxia Yang, Xiangjun Chen, Ke Yao
Summary: This study investigated the thermal stability of gamma C-crystallin mutants and found that L45P and Y46D mutations impaired the stability. However, alpha A-crystallin could rescue the thermal stability of these mutants to some extent.
BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Xiangjia Zhu, Yu Du, Dan Li, Jie Xu, Qingfeng Wu, Wenwen He, Keke Zhang, Jie Zhu, Linying Guo, Ming Qi, Ailin Liu, Jiao Qi, Guangyu Wang, Jiaqi Meng, Zhenglin Yang, Kang Zhang, Yi Lu
Summary: The study demonstrates that high myopia is associated with an increased equatorial diameter of the lens, which is linked to an up-regulation of crystallin expression driven by the transcription factor MAF and TGF-beta 1 signaling, providing insights for therapeutic interventions.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yuxin Huang, Xiyuan Ping, Yilei Cui, Hao Yang, Jing Bao, Qichuan Yin, Hailaiti Ailifeire, Xingchao Shentu
Summary: This study investigates how lens epithelial cells adapt and maintain normal growth and metabolic activity under hypoxic conditions. The findings show that the glycolysis pathway is upregulated, enabling the cells to maintain energy metabolism and resist cell apoptosis caused by ER stress and ROS production. The study also provides insights into possible cellular damage repair mechanisms.
Article
Toxicology
Tianwei Zhang, Shanshan Feng, Jiahuan Li, Zhitao Wu, Qiangqiang Deng, Wei Yang, Jing Li, Guoyu Pan
Summary: This study found that FXR agonists, obeticholic acid (OCA) and Px-102, reduced mitochondrial function in hepatocytes and promoted cell apoptosis. Inhibiting FXR or SHP genes alleviated the cytotoxic effects of OCA and Px-102. The dose-related liver damage caused by OCA and Px-102 was confirmed in a high-fat diet mouse model. OCA or Px-102 led to a decrease in hepatocyte-specific genes and augmenter of liver regeneration in the liver.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Fengfan Liu, Xiang Cheng, Shuang Wu, Bei Hu, Chen Yang, Shufen Deng, Qiwen Shi
Summary: This study investigated the role of apoptosis and ferroptosis in nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiONPs)-induced acute lung injury (ALI). The findings showed that NiONPs exposure led to apoptosis and ferroptosis in lung tissues and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, neutrophils, and proteins in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Further experiments revealed that NiONPs exposure upregulated the expression of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in murine lung tissues and human lung epithelial cells, and cells lacking ATF3 exhibited lower levels of apoptosis and ferroptosis when exposed to NiONPs. These results suggest that ATF3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target and biomarker for NiONPs-associated ALI.
ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Wenyi Zhang, Anran Wu, Guowei Zhang, Xuemeng Ding, Lihua Kang, Tianqiu Zhou, Min Ji, Huaijin Guan
Summary: Oxidative damage-triggered apoptosis in lens epithelial cells is a main risk factor in age-related cataract pathogenesis. Ku70 and its related E3 ubiquitin ligase play a role in lens epithelial cell apoptosis. Ku70 levels were lower in cataracts and Emory mice, and oxidative stress decreased Ku70 expression through ubiquitination. Parkin, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, interacted with Ku70 and promoted its ubiquitination and degradation. Ubiquitinated Ku70 was regulated by ubiquitin-proteasome, autophagy-lysosome, and mitophagy pathways. Ku70 overexpression protected cells from apoptosis, while Ku70 silencing had the opposite effect. Non-ubiquitinatable Ku70 mutant maintained its anti-apoptosis ability, in contrast to wild-type Ku70. Ku70 may also facilitate mitochondrial fusion. Overall, this study demonstrated the role of Parkin-mediated Ku70 ubiquitination in oxidative stress-induced lens epithelial cell apoptosis, providing potential targets for age-related cataract treatment.
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xiao Li, Miaomiao Sun, Anran Cheng, Guangying Zheng
Summary: DC is a major ocular complication of diabetes, characterized by EMT of LECs. GAS5 and miR-204-3p are involved in the pathogenic mechanism through regulating migration and EMT of LECs induced by HG. The dysregulation of GAS5 impacts lens epithelial cell migration and EMT under HG conditions via the miR-204-3p/TGFBR1 axis.
LABORATORY INVESTIGATION
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Klaus Hojgaard Jensen, Anna Katharina Stalder, Rasmus Wernersson, Tim-Christoph Roloff-Handschin, Daniel Hvidberg Hansen, Peter M. A. Groenen
Summary: This study investigated the molecular biology of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) using protein-protein interaction networks and identified a set of core modules enriched in ALS-associated proteins. These core modules not only captured most of the current knowledge about ALS, but also revealed biological interdependencies and associations with other neurodegenerative diseases. The presence of recently identified ALS-associated proteins in the core modules suggests their potential for identifying novel ALS disease mechanisms.
Article
Cell Biology
Mariana Blagojevic, Giorgio Camilli, Michelle Maxson, Bernhard Hube, David L. Moyes, Jonathan P. Richardson, Julian R. Naglik
Summary: Candidalysin secreted from Candida albicans causes epithelial cell stress. Candidalysin induces calcium influx and oxidative stress in host cells. Candidalysin induces mitochondrial dysfunction, ATP depletion, and epithelial necrosis.
CELLULAR MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jiali Yuan, Yiqun Mo, Yue Zhang, Yuanbao Zhang, Qunwei Zhang
Summary: With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the potential adverse health effects of nanoparticles have become global concerns. This study investigated the effects of nickel nanoparticles (Nano-Ni) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (Nano-TiO2) on autophagy and apoptosis levels in human bronchial epithelial cells. The results showed dysregulation of autophagy and apoptosis-associated proteins in cells exposed to Nano-Ni, while Nano-TiO2 had no significant effects. Nano-Ni exposure led to nuclear accumulation of HIF-1a and decreased phosphorylation of mTOR, and inhibition of HIF-1a abolished Nano-Ni-induced decreased phosphorylation of mTOR. Moreover, Nano-Ni-induced autophagy played a protective role against Nano-Ni-induced apoptosis.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Daniela Andrea Paira, Silene Silvera-Ruiz, Andrea Tissera, Rosa Isabel Molina, Jose Javier Olmedo, Virginia Elena Rivero, Ruben Dario Motrich
Summary: The study suggests that inflammatory cytokines IFN-γ, IL-17A, and IL-1β can individually impair human sperm motility and decrease viability, leading to increased apoptosis. On the other hand, IL-8 does not have a significant impact on sperm.
Article
Cell Biology
Jin-Song An, Guo-Liang Wang, Dong-Ming Wang, Yong-Qing Yang, Jia-Shun Wu, Ying-Qi Zhao, Shuai Gong, Jing-He Tan
Summary: This study found that corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and cortisol indirectly impair pig fertilization and embryo development by inducing apoptosis in pig oviductal epithelial cells (OECs) through the activation of the FAS and TNF alpha systems. Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) did not show any detrimental effect on pig embryos or OECs.
Article
Ophthalmology
Tiantian Qi, Ruihua Jing, Bo Ma, Conghui Hu, Chan Wen, Yongping Shao, Cheng Pei
Summary: This study reveals that the downregulation of RNF157 contributes to age-related cataract by upregulating p53, suggesting that modulation of RNF157 expression may serve as a potential therapeutic strategy for cataracts.
INVESTIGATIVE OPHTHALMOLOGY & VISUAL SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Lujia Feng, Yantao Wei, Yimeng Sun, Linbin Zhou, Shaowei Bi, Weirong Chen, Wu Xiang
Summary: Cataracts are a leading cause of blindness worldwide, with age being a major risk factor. The exact mechanisms of cataractogenesis are still unclear. A recent study found that microRNA-34a (MIR34A) is involved in cataract development, but the underlying pathogenesis is unknown. This study showed that hexokinase 1 (HK1) is a target gene of MIR34A and demonstrated that MIR34A modulates lens epithelial cell apoptosis and cataract development through the HK1/caspase 3 signaling pathway.