Article
Biochemical Research Methods
Paniz Jasbi, Xiaojian Shi, Ping Chu, Natalie Elliott, Haley Hudson, Douglas Jones, Geidy Serrano, Brandon Chow, Thomas G. Beach, Li Liu, Garilyn Jentarra, Haiwei Gu
Summary: This study conducted metabolomics analysis on brain tissues of dementia patients, identifying metabolite markers that can distinguish different cases, providing important clues for understanding disease mechanisms and identifying therapeutic targets, laying the foundation for future research on the diagnosis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.
JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Steve Reiken, Leah Sittenfeld, Haikel Dridi, Yang Liu, Xiaoping Liu, Andrew R. Marks
Summary: This study provided evidence linking SARS-CoV-2 infection to TGF-beta signaling activation and oxidative overload in COVID-19 patients, as well as the activation of neuropathological pathways associated with AD. The leaky phenotype of RyR2 in COVID-19 brains may contribute to cognitive and behavioral defects. Targeting leaky RyR2 channels could potentially be a therapeutic strategy for alleviating cognitive impairments associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection and long COVID.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ujjayini Ghosh, Wai-Ming Yau, John Collinge, Robert Tycko
Summary: This study investigated the molecular structures of Aβ fibrils in brain tissue of nondemented elderly individuals and AD patients using solid-state NMR, revealing that similar sets of fibril polymorphs develop in both groups but with different relative populations on average. The differences in solid-state NMR data were more significant for Aβ42 fibrils compared to Aβ40 fibrils.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yumi Watanabe, Kensaku Kasuga, Takayoshi Tokutake, Kaori Kitamura, Takeshi Ikeuchi, Kazutoshi Nakamura
Summary: This study utilized mass spectrometry to analyze urine from AD patients and control groups, identifying 26 molecules with significantly different concentrations between the two groups. The orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis showed significant discrimination between AD patients and controls. Pathway analysis revealed alterations in molecules related to glycerolipid and glycerophospholipid metabolism, thermogenesis, and caffeine metabolism in AD patients.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Makoto Kurano, Yuko Saito, Baasanjav Uranbileg, Daisuke Saigusa, Kuniyuki Kano, Junken Aoki, Yutaka Yatomi
Summary: This study reveals the association between bioactive lipids and Alzheimer's disease (AD) through analysis of brain samples from AD patients. Specific lipid molecules and metabolites are found to be abnormal in the brains of AD patients, providing new insights into the pathogenesis and pathology of AD.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Montse Guardiola, Gerard Muntane, Iris Martinez, Lourdes Martorell, Josefa Girona, Daiana Ibarretxe, Nuria Plana, Maria J. Bullido, Elisabet Vilella, Josep Ribalta
Summary: This study identified three variants in PVRL2 that predispose individuals to Alzheimer's disease (AD) while also influencing the lipid profile, increasing cardiovascular risk in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
M. Saeid Jami, Hiromi Murata, Lisa M. Barnhill, Sharon Li, Jeff M. Bronstein
Summary: Neurodegenerative diseases are a major cause of disability worldwide, and environmental factors play a significant role in their development. Recent research has found that prolonged exposure to air pollution increases the risk of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, although the specific molecular mechanisms are not well understood. This study exposed zebrafish embryos to diesel exhaust particle extract (DEPe) and identified several disrupted molecular pathways relevant to neurodegenerative disorders.
CELL BIOLOGY AND TOXICOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Elizabeth E. Evans, Vikas Mishra, Crystal Mallow, Elaine M. Gersz, Leslie Balch, Alan Howell, Christine Reilly, Ernest S. Smith, Terrence L. Fisher, Maurice Zauderer
Summary: SEMA4D is upregulated in neurons during neurodegenerative diseases and triggers reactive astrocytes. Blocking SEMA4D preserves normal astrocyte function and reduces the negative consequences of reactive astrogliosis.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Arun Upadhyay, Deepak Chhangani, Nalini R. Rao, Julia Kofler, Robert Vassar, Diego E. Rincon-Limas, Jeffrey N. Savas
Summary: This study investigated the formation and neurotoxicity of amyloid fibrils in Alzheimer's disease (AD). By isolating pure amyloid fibrils, the composition of the fibrils was identified and 20 new amyloid-associated proteins were discovered. The findings suggest that fibril-associated proteins play a key role in amyloid formation and AD pathology.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ze-Lin Hu, Yang-Qi Yuan, Zhen Tong, Mei-Qing Liao, Shun-Ling Yuan, Ye Jian, Jia-Lun Yang, Wen-Feng Liu
Summary: Alzheimer's disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system. Imbalances in cholesterol homeostasis have been found in the brains of AD patients. Cholesterol deposition occurs in AD brains even without entry through the blood-brain barrier. Cholesterol metabolism in the brain is associated with various pathological conditions.
MOLECULAR NEUROBIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Virginia Estades Ayuso, Sarah Pickles, Tiffany Todd, Mei Yue, Karen Jansen-West, Yuping Song, Jesus Gonzalez Bejarano, Bailey Rawlinson, Michael DeTure, Neill R. Graff-Radford, Bradley F. Boeve, David S. Knopman, Ronald C. Petersen, Dennis W. Dickson, Keith A. Josephs, Leonard Petrucelli, Mercedes Prudencio
Summary: In AD patients with TDP-43 proteinopathy, misspliced cryptic or skiptic RNAs of specific genes have been detected, indicating the involvement of TDP-43 dysfunction in AD pathogenesis. This finding provides a potential new therapeutic and diagnostic target for AD.
MOLECULAR NEURODEGENERATION
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Adam P. Gunn, Bruce X. Wong, Catriona McLean, Chris Fowler, Peter J. Barnard, James A. Duce, Blaine R. Roberts
Summary: QC expression is elevated in the brain tissues of AD individuals, with a modest increase in sQC protein and enzyme activity. Plasma QC activity did not show significant differences between the AD and control groups, but a slight increase was observed in female AD individuals. Plasma QC activity was correlated with levels of circulating monocytes in AD individuals, indicating an association with AD pathology.
JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Neurosciences
Binyin Li, Ikbeom Jang, Joost Riphagen, Randa Almaktoum, Kathryn Morrison Yochim, Beau M. Ances, Susan Y. Bookheimer, David H. Salat
Summary: This study examined the use of age-correction procedures to identify individuals at very early potential risk for Alzheimer's disease (AD). The results showed a high accuracy in AD recognition and the ability to assist in identifying mild cognitive impairment. In an independent cohort, a portion of individuals were identified as AD-like, showing a trend towards worse cognition.
HUMAN BRAIN MAPPING
(2021)
Article
Nutrition & Dietetics
Shunling Yuan, Jialun Yang, Ye Jian, Yong Lei, Sisi Yao, Zelin Hu, Xia Liu, Changfa Tang, Wenfeng Liu
Summary: This study investigated the effects of treadmill exercise on neuroinflammation in APP/PS1 transgenic AD mice and found that exercise can enrich gut microbial diversity and alleviate neuroinflammation in the brain. Exercise led to reductions in pathogenic bacteria, increases in probiotic bacteria, increased levels of intestine-brain barrier proteins, and attenuated LPS displacement.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ling Wu, Zerui Wang, Shradha Lad, Nailya Gilyazova, Darren T. Dougharty, Madeleine Marcus, Frances Henderson, W. Keith Ray, Sandra Siedlak, Jianyong Li, Richard F. Helm, Xiongwei Zhu, George S. Bloom, Shih-Hsiu J. Wang, Wen-Quan Zou, Bin Xu
Summary: Tau aggregates, present in various tauopathies, have been identified as potential sources for selective detection and biomarker discovery. This study utilized different methods to investigate the role and seeding properties of tau aggregates in different diseases, and demonstrated the species-specific seeding ability of tau aggregates on human tau isoforms. These findings offer potential new biomarkers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies, and provide new insights into isoform-specific tau aggregation.
FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)