Article
Agricultural Engineering
Naiyasit Yingkamhaeng, Thidarat Nimchua, Phitsanu Pinmanee, Juthamas Suwanprateep, Sarawut Rungmekarat, Prakit Sukyai
Summary: Xylanase and laccase are being increasingly used in biomass biorefinery, with studies showing that their synergistic action can significantly improve bleaching efficiency, enhance crystallinity, and alter surface characteristics of fibers.
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
(2022)
Review
Engineering, Chemical
Peter Immerzeel, Juha Fiskari
Summary: This article discusses the advantages of incorporating modern enzyme preparations in the bleaching of chemical pulp. It highlights the significant benefits of improved enzyme preparations, such as chemical cost savings and improved effluent quality. Additionally, it suggests that further improvements can be achieved by adding different types of enzyme cocktails.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
(2023)
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Vanessa Elisa Pinheiro, Jorge A. Ferreira, Jorge Henrique de Almeida Betini, Eliana Setsuko Kamimura, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli
Summary: Enzyme cocktails rich in xylanase and laccase were used for biobleaching brown pulp, resulting in improved efficiency and brightness while reducing Kappa number. These cocktails also showed promising results in hydrolyzing lignocellulosic residues and deinking recycled paper pulp.
Article
Materials Science, Paper & Wood
Guozheng Chen, Jinquan Wan, Yongwen Ma, Yan Wang
Summary: The study investigated the macroscopic and microscopic properties of old newsprint pulp with xylanase, MLac/Glu, and X-MLac/Glu pretreatment. Results showed improved brightness and lightness in hydrogen peroxide bleached pulp after X-MLac/Glu pretreatment. Additionally, paper strength properties significantly improved, cellulose crystallinity decreased, and non-cellulose components were removed after X-MLac/Glu treatment.
NORDIC PULP & PAPER RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Keita Takeda, Junko Suzuki, Akira Watanabe, Osamu Narumoto, Masahiro Kawashima, Yuka Sasaki, Hideaki Nagai, Katsuhiko Kamei, Hirotoshi Matsui
Summary: Aspergillus antibody testing is crucial for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) with high sensitivity. However, false-negative results may occur depending on the Aspergillus species. This study identified non-fumigatus Aspergillus species as a significant factor associated with negative Aspergillus precipitin test results in CPA patients. The sensitivity of the test was found to be lower in non-fumigatus Aspergillus-associated CPA compared to A. fumigatus-associated CPA.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Nivea Pereira de Sa, Kalani Jayanetti, Dominick Rendina, Timothy Clement, Veronica Soares Brauer, Caroline Mota Fernandes, Iwao Ojima, Michael V. Airola, Maurizio Del Poeta
Summary: Invasive fungal infections are a leading cause of death in immunocompromised patients. We studied the fungus-specific enzyme SglA as a therapeutic target and identified selective inhibitors that delay filamentation in the pathogenic fungus and increase survival in a murine model of pulmonary aspergillosis.
Article
Microbiology
Takahito Toyotome, Kenji Onishi, Mio Sato, Yoko Kusuya, Daisuke Hagiwara, Akira Watanabe, Hiroki Takahashi
Summary: Azole resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus is mainly achieved through mutations in the Cyp51A gene and tandem repeat acquisition in the promoter region. However, this study identified other gene mutations such as MfsD, AgcA, UbcD, AbcJ, and RttA contributing to decreased susceptibility to azoles. These findings suggest that various genetic mutations play a role in reducing susceptibility to medical and agricultural azole fungicides.
ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Infectious Diseases
Beyza Ener, Cagri Ergin, Dolunay Gulmez, Harun Agca, Melek Tikvesli, Secil Ak Aksoy, Muserref Otkun, Ali Korhan Sig, Dilara Ogunc, Betil Ozhak, Tuncay Topac, Asli Ozdemir, Dilek Yesim Metin, Suleyha Hilmioglu Polat, Yasemin Oz, Nedret Koc, Mustafa Altay Atalay, Zayre Erturan, Asuman Birinci, Nilgun Cerikcioglu, Demet Timur, Fahriye Eksi, Gonca Erkose Genc, Duygu Findik, Saban Gurcan, Ayse Kalkanci, Sevtap Arikan-Akdagli
Summary: This multicentre epidemiological study investigated the prevalence of azole resistance in clinical and environmental A. fumigatus isolates in Turkey. The results showed a low rate of azole resistance, but more than half of the resistant isolates had mutations in the cyp51A gene. This suggests that other mechanisms of resistance may be increasing gradually.
JOURNAL OF ANTIMICROBIAL CHEMOTHERAPY
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Hamid Badali, Connie Canete-Gibas, Dora McCarthy, Hoja Patterson, Carmita Sanders, Marjorie P. David, James Mele, Hongxin Fan, Nathan P. Wiederhold
Summary: Aspergillus fumigatus is the most prevalent species causing infections in the United States, and there is growing concern about resistance to azole drugs. This study evaluated the distribution and susceptibility profiles of isolates within Aspergillus section Fumigati, finding that most isolates were susceptible to antifungal drugs, but mutations associated with azole resistance were present in a significant proportion of resistant isolates.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
YunHua Hou, Zhihong Yang, Yanshun Yin, Zhen Meng, Jingzhen Wang, Tian Zhao, QinZheng Yang
Summary: In this study, a thermostable alkaline FAE was successfully expressed and showed efficient lignin removal from pulp, contributing to improved efficiency in green papermaking. The recombinant enzyme exhibited good thermal stability and broad pH tolerance, making it a promising candidate for application in biobleaching and other biorefining industries.
ENZYME AND MICROBIAL TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Patience Eschenhagen, Claudia Grehn, Carsten Schwarz
Summary: In this study, it was found that Af-specific IgG m3 could be a useful biomarker for acute ABPA and Af pneumonia in CF patients. The levels of Af-specific Gm3 were significantly higher in acute Af disease groups, with a calculated cut-off value of 78.05 mg/L to discriminate controls and patients with ABPA/pneumonia. Further studies with a larger multicenter cohort are needed to validate these results.
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Manli Yang, Junyi Li, Shuai Wang, Fengguang Zhao, Chenyang Zhang, Chunhui Zhang, Shuangyan Han
Summary: The pulp and paper industry has a significant impact on the global economy, but its high energy consumption, pollution, and emissions require urgent transformation. Enzymes have the potential to improve pulp performance, reduce energy consumption, and decrease pollution. Enzyme cocktails are often more effective than single enzymes due to the complex substrates in papermaking processes. Factors such as pH, temperature, and chemical additives influence the efficiency of enzyme cocktails. This review highlights the use of hydrolases, oxidases, and auxiliary enzymes in various processes of the pulp and paper industry, and discusses the advancements in cutting-edge biotechnologies to improve the robustness of enzymes.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Usman U. Zango, I. I. Muhammad, Varruchi Sharma, Anil K. Sharma
Summary: The tannery industry generates a large volume of wastewater containing heavy metals and other pollutants, which contaminate water bodies and soil. The use of fungal microbes in bioremediation showed potential in converting these harmful chemical substances into harmless forms. The study found that two fungal isolates, Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus terreus, demonstrated high biosorption abilities individually and as a consortium.
WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Feiyan Wang, Jialu Song, Fan Shen, Yingnan Wang, Duantao Cao, Luqing Zhang, Hua Fang, Yunlong Yu
Summary: The study confirmed that normal applications of FPRO, FDIF, and their combination in agricultural fields are likely to induce triazole-resistance in Aspergillus fumigatus. Furthermore, earthworms may act as disseminators of triazole-resistant A. fumigatus.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Microbiology
Michael A. Pfaller, Cecilia G. Carvalhaes, Lalitagauri M. Deshpande, Paul R. Rhomberg, Mariana Castanheira
Summary: In vitro activity evaluation of four azoles against 660 Aspergillus fumigatus isolates collected from 2017 to 2020 revealed low levels of resistance. Whole genome sequencing identified alterations in CYP51 sequences, with the highest rates of resistance observed for itraconazole and isavuconazole. Multiple alterations were detected in CYP51A, and alterations in CYP51B were also noted.
Article
Engineering, Environmental
Anand Kumar Saini, Kunwar Paritosh, Amit Kumar Singh, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: This study used CFD simulation to analyze the flow dynamics of a working sewage treatment plant, determining the optimal geometric configuration for mixing with minimum power consumption. Multiple inlet planes were found to be more efficient than single plane inlets, providing insights for future design and operation of sewage treatment plants.
JOURNAL OF WATER PROCESS ENGINEERING
(2021)
Review
Agricultural Engineering
Kunwar Paritosh, Monika Yadav, Nupur Kesharwani, Nidhi Pareek, Obulisamy Parthiba Karthyikeyan, Venkatesh Balan, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: Solid state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) of lignocellulosic biomass offers advantages over liquid state anaerobic digestion (LSAD) in terms of higher organic loading rates, lower energy demand, and higher methane productivity. However, challenges such as carbon to nitrogen ratio imbalance and nutrient balance need to be addressed through pretreatment procedures and additives. Leachate recirculation can also impact SSAD of agricultural stubbles.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Water Resources
Sandeep Singh Shekhawat, Niha Mohan Kulshreshtha, Rinki Mishra, Sudipti Arora, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Akhilendra Bhushan Gupta
Summary: The study identified frequently occurring Gram-negative bacterial community and their antibiotic resistance profiles in municipal treated wastewater, as well as genes responsible for extended-spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) activity in some organisms. The isolates showed significant resistance against certain antibiotics and some were found to have ESBL activity, possibly linked to intrusion of hospital wastewater in domestic sewage.
WATER QUALITY RESEARCH JOURNAL
(2021)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Avantika Agarwal, Kunwar Paritosh, Pragati Dangayach, Priyanka Gehlot, Nidhi Pareek, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: Anaerobic digestion is a good alternative for waste management and energy production, but high lignin content in waste can affect its operation. Pretreatment methods such as liquid hot water, alkaline, and dilute acid can enhance biogas production. In this study, pretreatment with liquid hot water showed the highest biogas yield for mixed flower waste.
BIOMASS CONVERSION AND BIOREFINERY
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Meenakshi Rajput, Khushboo Choudhary, Manish Kumar, V. Vivekanand, Aakash Chawade, Rodomiro Ortiz, Nidhi Pareek
Summary: With the growth in population, the demand for food is increasing, leading to the development of innovative crop improvement approaches such as RNA interference (RNAi) and the CRISPR/Cas9 system. These technologies have shown promise in enhancing crop yields and increasing tolerance to environmental stress.
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Manish Kumar, Jogi Madhuprakash, Venkatesh Balan, Amit Kumar Singh, V. Vivekanand, Nidhi Pareek
Summary: This study aimed to develop a two-step chemoenzymatic method for producing short chain chitooligosaccharides. By pretreating chitin with various chemicals and enzymes, and optimizing the conditions, the production of chitooligosaccharides was increased. Furthermore, the purification of the products was achieved using cation exchange chromatography, laying the foundation for sustainable upcycling of coastal residual resources.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Agricultural Engineering
Kunwar Paritosh, Sanjay Mathur, Nidhi Pareek, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: The study found that adding alkali and biochar to solid state anaerobic digestion of pearl millet straw can increase hydrolysis and syntropy, leading to higher methane production. The optimal dosing was found to be 0.5 g alkali and 10 g/L biochar, with biochar contributing 48% and alkali contributing 21% to the multiple output. Confirmation tests showed improved hydrolysis rate constant and volatile fatty acid/alkalinity ratio under optimized conditions compared to control. Techno-economic assessment revealed a net present value of US$ 25,652 and an internal rate of return of 11.29%, with capital expenditure and methane yield being the most sensitive factors.
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Twinkle Soni, Mengchuan Zhuang, Manish Kumar, Venkatesh Balan, Bryan Ubanwa, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Nidhi Pareek
Summary: This article reviews the chitin and chitosan-degrading enzymes found in various organisms and the expression systems widely used to produce glucosamine. It also discusses new developments and methods, such as genetic and metabolic engineering, to produce high titers of glucosamine. Other sources of glucosamine production, such as starch and inorganic ammonia, are also discussed. Furthermore, the conversion of glucosamine to fuels and chemicals using catalytic and biochemical conversion methods is examined.
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOTECHNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Monika Yadav, Chandrakant Joshi, Kunwar Paritosh, Jyotika Thakur, Nidhi Pareek, Shyam Kumar Masakapalli, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: This review focuses on exploring the metabolic bottlenecks of microbial communities in anaerobic digestion and analyzing the key factors affecting their metabolic pathways using advanced analytical techniques. It also discusses the latest advances in designing efficient synthetic microbial communities and capturing their metabolic interactions.
METABOLIC ENGINEERING
(2022)
Article
Microbiology
Pallavi Vyas, Harish
Summary: The continuous use of antibiotics has led to multidrug resistance among bacterial populations, posing a significant threat to public health. Anti-CRISPR proteins have been identified as potential therapeutic agents against drug-resistant bacteria.
MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Microbiology
Kunal Seth, Geetanjali Kumawat, Pallavi Vyas, Harish
Summary: Light plays a crucial role in photosynthesis, photoperiodism, and photomorphogenesis. Algae use eyespots to perceive light signals and exhibit phototaxis. Mutational studies have identified genes involved in eyespot development and function, providing important insights into the light-sensing mechanism.
JOURNAL OF BASIC MICROBIOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Energy & Fuels
Manish Meena, Hrishikesh Kumar, Nitin Dutt Chaturvedi, Andrey A. Kovalev, Vadim Bolshev, Dmitriy A. Kovalev, Prakash Kumar Sarangi, Aakash Chawade, Manish Singh Rajput, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Vladimir Panchenko
Summary: This study outlines the solutions to overcome challenges in modeling approaches for gasification technology, highlighting the essential role of machine learning methods as an intelligent retrieval tool. The study summarizes the application of various machine learning algorithms and evaluates their performance in gasification technologies.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
James Pierson, Gopi Raju Makkena, Sandeep Kumar, Vinod Kumar, Vivekanand Vivekanand, Hasan Husain, Muhammad Ayser, Venkatesh Balan
Summary: In this study, different case studies were conducted to estimate the annual volume of algal biomass that could be produced using the rotating algal biofilm method in three large-scale water resource recovery facilities in Texas. The total amount of biomolecules that could be fractionated from the algal biomass was calculated, and these biomolecules were converted into commodity products using reported methods and yields.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Apoorva Upadhyay, Andrey A. A. Kovalev, Elena A. A. Zhuravleva, Dmitriy A. A. Kovalev, Yuriy V. V. Litti, Shyam Kumar Masakapalli, Nidhi Pareek, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: Biogas production involves complex microbial populations in anaerobic digesters. Understanding these microbial populations through metagenomics analysis can help optimize and enhance anaerobic digestion processes. With advancements in metagenomic sequencing technologies, such as next generation sequencing and high-throughput sequencing, the study of microbial dynamics in anaerobic digestion has been revolutionized. This review provides an overview of the basic processes of metagenomics research, and discusses various bioinformatics approaches for analyzing microbial communities and characterizing metagenomes.
FERMENTATION-BASEL
(2023)
Review
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Anand Kumar Saini, Tanja Radu, Kunwar Paritosh, Vinod Kumar, Nidhi Pareek, Dharmendra Tripathi, Vivekanand Vivekanand
Summary: Computational fluid dynamics is used for simulating the behavior of liquid and gas flow, playing a critical role in anaerobic digestion technology. Anaerobic digestion can improve the efficiency of biogas production and provide significant environmental benefits.
