Article
Oceanography
Jesse Brinkhof, Roger B. Larsen, Bent Herrmann
Summary: This study compared the size selectivity and catch efficiency of two diamond-meshed codends turned 90 degrees (T90) with two different mesh sizes (135 and 145 mm) with those of a sorting grid followed by a diamond-mesh codend. The results showed that using a diamond-mesh codend is a more advantageous alternative to the sorting grid method in terms of catch efficiency and selectivity.
OCEAN & COASTAL MANAGEMENT
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
M. Aldrin, F. L. Aanes, I. F. Tvete, S. Aanes, S. Subbey
Summary: The study investigates the challenge in estimating natural mortality M in fish stock assessment models, finding that a time-invariant M can be estimated with reasonable precision for a few stocks, but for most stocks, the estimation uncertainty of M is very large. It is also discovered that accounting for variability across age and time using a simple model significantly improves performance for time-varying M compared to time-invariant M.
FISHERIES RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Marine & Freshwater Biology
Vera Sequeira, Ines Sousa, Ana Neves, Ana Rita Vieira, Elisabete Silva, Frederica Silva, Ana Marta Duarte, Susana Mendes, Rui Ganhao, Carlos Alberto Assis, Rui Rebelo, Maria Filomena Magalhaes, Maria Manuel Gil, Leonel Serrano Gordo
Summary: This study examined the age and growth of piper gurnard and red gurnard specimens from European waters, estimating their growth parameters. The results showed that red gurnard grew faster but reached a smaller size compared to piper gurnard. Additionally, red gurnard had higher fishing mortality and exploitation rate on the Portuguese coast, raising concerns about its sustainability.
Article
Fisheries
Fan Zhang, Noel G. Cadigan
Summary: Estimating cohort dynamics from length-based data for hard-to-age stocks is challenging in fisheries stock assessment. The age-structured catch-at-length models (ACL) currently used are unable to account for length-dependent processes within each cohort. However, with the increasing availability of high-quality survey data, a new situation emerges where a stock assessment model based only on survey data can provide good estimation of population dynamics. We introduce an age- and length-structured statistical catch-at-length model (ALSCL) that can estimate age-based dynamics from survey catch-at-length data, while also providing a basis to integrate fisheries-dependent data. ALSCL includes length-dependent mortality and growth within each cohort by simultaneously tracking the three-dimensional dynamics across time, age, and length. Simulation results show that ALSCL outperforms ACL in estimating age-based population dynamics when length-dependent processes are important. ALSCL is considered a hybrid model between ACL and length-structured stock assessment models, and its ability to track age and length dynamics simultaneously is an important step towards the next-generation of fisheries stock assessment models.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Jonathan White, Colm Fitzgerald, Patrick Gargan, Elvira de Eyto, Michael Millane, Gerald Chaput, Paddy Boylan, Walter W. Crozier, Dennis Doherty, Bryan Kennedy, Ian Lawler, David Lyons, Ferdia Marnell, Phil McGinnity, Kealan O'Higgins, William K. Roche, Hugo Maxwell, Niall O. Maoileidigh
Summary: International management of wild Atlantic salmon has shifted towards conservation in recognition of the decline in diversity and abundance. A catch-advice framework has been established to manage fisheries in line with international obligations. The framework includes a risk assessment approach that considers uncertainty in salmon numbers and spawning requirements. The aim is to protect stocks failing to meet spawning thresholds while supporting sustainable exploitation of those achieving them.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Victor G. Vargas-Lopez, Francisco J. Vergara-Solana, Luis C. Almendarez-Hernandez
Summary: The abalone fishery in Mexico, which started more than a century ago, is facing a decline in production. The objective of the management is to recover the abalone stock, taking into account the effects of climate change on the fishery. This study proposes an age-specific natural mortality model that considers the impact of sea surface temperature variability on green abalone.
REGIONAL STUDIES IN MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Le Li, Zhenhao Zhang, Yulong Xiong, Zhao Hu, Shangyu Liu, Bin Tu, Yan Yao
Summary: Both decreased and increased urine output were significantly associated with short-term mortality in patients with cardiovascular diseases, showing a U-shaped relationship rather than linear.
FRONTIERS IN CARDIOVASCULAR MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Colby G. Gainer, Hae H. Kim, Quinton E. Phelps
Summary: Channel catfish are crucial to the Mississippi River, with the population dynamics being essential for proper management. Different gear types can yield varying estimates of vital rates, but tandem hoop nets have been found to be the most effective for sampling and evaluating channel catfish populations in riverine systems.
RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS
(2021)
Article
Endocrinology & Metabolism
Xueqi Zhang, Yang Li, Jing Jin, Huangman Wang, Bozun Zhao, Songwen Wang, Zhongyan Shan, Weiping Teng, Xiaochun Teng
Summary: Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is a common endocrine disorder characterized by elevated TSH levels and normal FT4 levels. This study aims to prospectively observe elderly patients with SCH, screened using both age-specific and non-age-specific TSH reference ranges, in order to reduce overdiagnosis and overtreatment of elderly patients with SCH.
FRONTIERS IN ENDOCRINOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Anneli Uuskuela, Marek Oja, Sirli Tamm, Anna Tisler, Made Laanpere, Lee Padrik, Mari Nygard, Sulev Reisberg, Jaak Vilo, Raivo Kolde
Summary: Text mining and natural language processing techniques were used to detect precursors to cervical cancer in Estonia. The most frequently detected HPV types in normal-to-high grade precancerous lesions were found to be a-9 phylogenetic group HPV 16, 31, 33, 52 and a-7 phylogenetic group HPV 18.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Catalina Torres, Jenny Garcia, France Mesle, Magali Barbieri, Florian Bonnet, Carlo Giovanni Camarda, Emmanuelle Cambois, Arianna Caporali, Etienne Couppie, Svitlana Poniakina, Jean-Marie Robine
Summary: This study provides an in-depth analysis of the evolution of COVID-19 mortality in selected countries during 2020 and 2021. The results show substantial variations in COVID-19 mortality rates across countries and seasons. COVID-19 mortality is highest among the elderly population, especially during winter, and men generally have higher mortality rates than women. Despite targeted vaccinations for the elderly, the mortality rates remain highest among those aged 75+ in 2021.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES
(2023)
Article
Immunology
Sarah E. E. Webster, Naomi L. L. Tsuji, Michael J. J. Clemente, Nichol E. E. Holodick
Summary: In this study, it was found that aged female mice have more splenic PtC+CD5+ B-1 cells and PtC-specific serum IgM compared to aged male mice. Furthermore, B cell receptor (BCR) sequencing results of PtC+CD5+ B-1 cells showed age and sex-related repertoire differences, especially in the spleen. The antigenic milieu differs between aged males and females, leading to differential selection of antigen-specific B-1 cells over time.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Christopher A. Wolff, Miguel A. Gutierrez-Monreal, Lingsong Meng, Xiping Zhang, Lauren G. Douma, Hannah M. Costello, Collin M. Douglas, Elnaz Ebrahimi, Ann Pham, Aline C. Oliveira, Chunhua Fu, Amy Nguyen, Bryan R. Alava, Stuart J. Hesketh, Andrew R. Morris, Mehari M. Endale, G. Ryan Crislip, Kit-yan Cheng, Elizabeth A. Schroder, Brian P. Delisle, Andrew J. Bryant, Michelle L. Gumz, Zhiguang Huo, Andrew C. Liu, Karyn A. Esser
Summary: Cellular circadian clocks regulate daily transcriptional program and are important for maintaining homeostasis and resilience. Age-related changes in circadian functions have been observed. This study characterized age-dependent changes in the circadian transcriptome in multiple tissues, revealing tissue-specific alterations in clock output and decreased number of rhythmically expressed genes (REGs) with aging. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at different times of day identified distinct gene expression patterns, with increased variability in aged tissues. This study expands our understanding of aging and highlights the impact of aging on circadian clock function and temporal gene expression changes.
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Helio Jose Coelho-Junior, Emanuele Marzetti, Anna Picca, Matteo Tosato, Riccardo Calvani, Francesco Landi
Summary: This study provides lower extremity muscle power estimates and centile values in a large and relatively unselected population across a wide age spectrum. The results show that absolute, relative, allometric and specific muscle power measures of the lower extremities decline significantly with age, with specific patterns observed according to sex and muscle power parameter.
JOURNAL OF CACHEXIA SARCOPENIA AND MUSCLE
(2023)
Article
Psychology, Applied
Matthew M. Piszczek, Avani S. Pimputkar
Summary: Amidst a globally aging workforce, organizations should focus on understanding how flexible schedules impact worker well-being across different age groups, with specific differences observed in sick day use, health perceptions, work-family conflict, affective commitment, and work engagement.
JOURNAL OF APPLIED PSYCHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Fisheries
Martin Lindegren, Mikael van Deurs, Aurore Maureaud, James T. Thorson, Dorte Bekkevold
Summary: Many marine fish species have wide distribution, but failing to acknowledge distinct populations within these species may lead to overestimation of stock's harvest potential. This study developed a statistical approach to identify population boundaries for European sprat, revealing regional differences in abundance patterns and confirming genetic studies showing reproductive isolation between different regions. The statistical approach can complement genetic methods and guide spatial management efforts for sustainable exploitation under changing climate conditions.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
James T. Thorson
Summary: This study demonstrates the importance of density dependence in species distribution models and proposes several new approaches to address density dependence. They find that the impact of species abundance on habitats is spatiotemporally varied, and this relationship can be detected using SDMs.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Ecology
Mira H. Kajanus, Jukka T. Forsman, Maximilian G. R. Vollstadt, Vincent Devictor, Merja Elo, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Mikko Monkkonen, James T. Thorson, Sami M. Kivela
Summary: Titmice can serve as indicators of bird density in Northern European forest bird communities, encouraging the use of titmice observations by even less-experienced observers in citizen science monitoring.
ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Cecilia A. O'Leary, Lukas B. DeFilippo, James T. Thorson, Stan Kotwicki, Gerald R. Hoff, Vladimir V. Kulik, James N. Ianelli, Andre E. Punt
Summary: As oceans warm, the distribution of groundfish species shifts, which can complicate management efforts. This study developed model-based biomass estimates for three Bering Sea groundfish species by combining data from the US and Russia. The results show that groundfish densities have shifted northward and high-density areas now span across the international border.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Baptiste Alglave, Etienne Rivot, Marie-Pierre Etienne, Mathieu Woillez, James T. Thorson, Youen Vermard
Summary: Developing Species Distribution Models (SDM) for marine exploited species is a major challenge in fisheries ecology. Classical modelling approaches typically rely on fish research survey data. Spatial monitoring of commercial data can provide an additional extensive data source to inform fish spatial distribution. We propose a spatial hierarchical framework integrating both data sources while accounting for preferential sampling (PS) of commercial data. The framework is successfully applied to three demersal species in the Bay of Biscay.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Fisheries
Matthew R. Siskey, Andre E. Punt, Peter-John F. Hulson, Meaghan D. Bryan, James N. Ianelli, James T. Thorson
Summary: This study developed a framework for evaluating the impact of survey sampling designs on stock assessments and found that decreasing the number of tows sampled led to an increase in the uncertainty of the overfishing limit (OFL). The study also found that reducing the number of otoliths per tow had a smaller impact on OFL uncertainty. Applying this framework to all monitored stocks is important to identify which stocks benefit the most from increased sampling or have the least impact on OFL uncertainty with reduced sampling.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Julia Indivero, Timothy E. Essington, James N. Ianelli, James T. Thorson
Summary: Environmental conditions can lead to variability in growth and distribution processes, but current stock assessment methods often neglect these patterns. This study used data on walleye pollock in the Bering Sea to demonstrate a feasible approach for incorporating spatially unbalanced size-at-age samples into stock assessments. The analysis revealed extensive variation in size-at-age at fine spatial scales, with year-to-year differences in spatial patterning. Integrating spatiotemporally explicit size-at-age processes improved stock assessment consistency and provided insights into demographic processes. This approach could enhance stock-assessment forecasts under climate change.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Ecology
Merja Elo, Mira H. Kajanus, Jere Tolvanen, Vincent Devictor, Jukka T. Forsman, Aleksi Lehikoinen, Mikko Monkkonen, James T. Thorson, Maximilian G. R. Vollstadt, Sami M. Kivela
Summary: This study investigates the impacts of environmental filtering and biotic interactions on spatial and temporal associations among bird species using a novel hypothesis-testing framework based on joint dynamic species distribution models and functional trait similarity. The findings suggest that the aggregation of species is mainly driven by environmental filtering and heterospecific attraction, with no evidence of competition.
JOURNAL OF BIOGEOGRAPHY
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Arnaud Gruss, James T. Thorson, Owen F. Anderson, Richard L. O'Driscoll, Madison Heller-Shipley, Scott Goodman
Summary: This study developed a spatio-temporal modelling framework that integrates research survey data and other data sources. It demonstrated the effectiveness of this framework through two case studies.
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES AND AQUATIC SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Biodiversity Conservation
James T. Thorson, Cheryl L. Barnes, Sarah T. Friedman, Janelle L. Morano, Margaret C. Siple
Summary: Species distribution models (SDMs) are commonly used to analyze the relationship between species occurrence/density and environmental conditions, often including a spatially correlated variable. Spatially varying coefficients (SVCs) in SDMs have received less attention but have the potential to improve interpretability and descriptive power. This article reviews the benefits of using SVCs in ecological contexts such as ecological teleconnections, density-dependent habitat selection, spatially varying detectability, and interactions with unmeasured covariates. Detailed examples using the vector autoregressive spatio-temporal (VAST) model illustrate the advantages of SVCs in analyzing decadal trends, community assembly, and population dynamics. SVCs extend the capabilities of SDMs and enhance our understanding of ecological processes.
Article
Ecology
James T. T. Thorson, Aurore A. A. Maureaud, Romain Frelat, Bastien Merigot, Jennifer S. S. Bigman, Sarah T. T. Friedman, Maria Lourdes D. Palomares, Malin L. L. Pinsky, Samantha A. A. Price, Peter Wainwright
Summary: This study extends previous methods by using structural equation models and associations among categorical traits to achieve mixed-trait imputation. Results show that a one-degree increase in habitat temperature is associated with an average 3.5% increase in natural mortality and a 3.0% decrease in fecundity.
METHODS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
A. Gruess, A. R. Charsley, J. T. Thorson, O. F. Anderson, R. L. O'Driscoll, B. Wood, O. N. Breivik, C. A. O'Leary
Summary: Species distribution models often require multiple data sources to achieve their objectives. In this study, we developed a spatio-temporal modelling framework that integrated research survey data and observer data from fishing vessels, while accounting for physical barriers. Applying this framework to deepwater fisheries in New Zealand, we found that using both observer-only data and integrated data is essential for mapping fish biomass at a large scale and interpolating local biomass indices in years without survey data. We also demonstrated the importance of considering the reliability of interannual variability when choosing between models relying on integrated data or survey-only data for a given geographic area. Moreover, our simulation experiment revealed that the predictions of our spatio-temporal models were not significantly affected by the presence of physical barriers.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
J. J. Badger, S. Large, J. T. Thorson
Summary: Many economic sectors rely on marine ecosystem services, and integrated ecosystem assessments (IEAs) are necessary for holistic management and sustainable use. This study demonstrates the utility of spatially and temporally explicit ecological indicators in assessing ecosystem performance and identifying localized processes. The examples highlight the benefits of spatio-temporal methods for integrated ecosystem analysis in the northeast US Shelf Ecosystem.
ICES JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
Daniel Ovando, Darcy Bradley, Echelle Burns, Lennon Thomas, James Thorson
Summary: Designing effective spatial management strategies for marine ecosystems is challenging due to their complexity and uncertainties. This paper presents a modelling framework called marlin, which can simulate the bio-economic dynamics of marine systems efficiently. The framework can be used for both management and research purposes. The study demonstrates the capabilities of marlin through two case studies on marine protected areas (MPAs) and their impacts on conservation and food production. It shows how the framework can assess the distributional outcomes and climate resilience of different MPA design strategies and fishing fleets. The paper highlights the importance of intermediate complexity simulation in predicting and managing trade-offs among conservation, fisheries yields, and distributional outcomes of management policies affected by spatial bio-economic dynamics.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2023)
Article
Fisheries
James T. Thorson
Summary: Phylogenetic comparative methods (PCM) and phylogenetic structural equation models (PSEM) can replace linear models and improve performance in fisheries meta-analyses, but they are rarely applied in fisheries science.
FISH AND FISHERIES
(2023)