Article
Urology & Nephrology
Yifan Xie, E. Jing, Hong Cai, Fang Zhong, Wenzhen Xiao, Ronald E. Gordon, Lois Wang, Ya-Li Zheng, Aihua Zhang, Kyung Lee, John Cijiang He
Summary: Recent studies have shown that kidney tubular epithelial cell (TEC) injury plays an important role in the progression of diabetic kidney disease (DKD). In this study, researchers found that overexpression of the protein RTN1A worsened DKD in mice by enhancing tubular injury, tubulointerstitial fibrosis, and kidney function decline. However, RTN1A overexpression did not exacerbate diabetes-induced glomerular injury or albuminuria. The study also identified the involvement of RTN1A in regulating ER-mitochondrial contacts, which contributed to TEC injury and DKD progression.
KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL
(2022)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kazuya Ishikawa, Ryota Konno, Satoyuki Hirano, Yuta Fujii, Masayuki Fujiwara, Yoichiro Fukao, Yutaka Kodama
Summary: Plant cells alter the intracellular positions of chloroplasts to ensure efficient photosynthesis. A newly discovered protein interacts with the blue light receptor phototropin and facilitates chloroplast movement by restructuring the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network. This finding provides evidence that plant cells respond to environmental changes by controlling the movements of multiple organelles.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yonis Bare, Tamas Matusek, Sophie Vriz, Maika S. Deffieu, Pascal P. Therond, Raphael Gaudin
Summary: This study demonstrates that newly-synthesised Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) is trafficked through the classical biosynthetic secretory pathway using TMED10 as a cargo receptor, and Rab6 vesicles for Golgi-to-cell surface trafficking. Depletion of TMED10 delays SHH loading onto ER exit sites (ERES) and impairs SHH release. Additionally, the homologue of TMED10, Baiser, is found to participate in Hedgehog (Hh) secretion and signalling in Drosophila wing imaginal disc model. Therefore, TMED10 plays a crucial role in SHH secretion and its interaction with other proteins affects embryonic development.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Banafsheh Golchoubian, Andreas Brunner, Helena Bragulat-Teixidor, Annett Neuner, Busra A. Akarlar, Nurhan Ozlu, Anne-Lore Schlaitz
Summary: Nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) are channels within the nuclear envelope that mediate nucleocytoplasmic transport, forming through a coordination of protein complex assembly and membrane deformation. REEP4 plays an important role in NPC formation during mitosis, being recruited by the NPC biogenesis factor ELYS. Their cooperation may provide high-curvature ER membrane to the nascent NPC.
JOURNAL OF CELL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Haoxi Wu, Gia K. Voeltz
Summary: The study reveals that the reticulon protein Rtn3L enriches at ER-endosome MCSs during endosome maturation, recruited by endosomal protein Rab9a. Depletion or deletion of Rtn3L leads to endosome maturation and cargo sorting defects, similar to RAB9A depletion.
DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Timothy J. Hawkins, Michaela Kopischke, Patrick J. Duckney, Katarzyna Rybak, David A. Mentlak, Johan T. M. Kroon, Mai Thu Bui, A. Christine Richardson, Mary Casey, Agnieszka Alexander, Geert De Jaeger, Monika Kalde, Ian Moore, Yasin Dagdas, Patrick J. Hussey, Silke Robatzek
Summary: This study reveals that NET4A and NET4B members of the NET family play an essential role in the reorganization of guard cell actin during stomatal closure, mediating the molecular link between actin filaments and the tonoplast through interaction with RABG3b.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Zubaida Hassan, Nilima Dinesh Kumar, Fulvio Reggiori, Gulfaraz Khan
Summary: Eukaryotic cells contain dynamic membrane-bound organelles like the endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, and plasma membrane, interconnected by vesicular traffic. Viruses exploit these organelles in the secretory pathway for their own replication, assembly, and infection, hijacking the host cell machinery.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Jose R. Navarro-Betancourt, Joan Papillon, Julie Guillemette, Chen-Fang Chung, Takao Iwawaki, Andrey Cybulsky
Summary: During ER stress, the IRE1 alpha pathway promotes RTN3L-mediated reticulophagy in podocytes and may play a cytoprotective role in glomerular diseases.
BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR BASIS OF DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Maika S. Deffieu, Ieva Cesonyte, Francois Delalande, Gaelle Boncompain, Cristina Dorobantu, Eli Song, Vincent Lucansky, Aurelie Hirschler, Sarah Cianferani, Franck Perez, Christine Carapito, Raphael Gaudin
Summary: The study combined RUSH and eRUSH methods and identified Rab7-harboring vesicles as important intermediates in the Golgi-to-plasma membrane transport of TfR. Rab7 was found to transiently associate with neosynthetic TfR-containing post-Golgi vesicles before dissociation before fusion with the plasma membrane, revealing the diversity of secretory vesicles.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaobin Liu, Rukmini Mukherjee, Florian Bonn, Thomas Colby, Ivan Matic, Marius Glogger, Mike Heilemann, Ivan Dikic
Summary: The SidE family of Legionella effectors, particularly SdeA, catalyzes non-canonical phosphoribosyl-linked ubiquitination of host proteins to disrupt Golgi integrity. This disruption prevents Golgi linking proteins GRASP55 and GRASP65 from clustering and forming oligomeric structures on multiple serine residues, impacting the host secretory pathway. The Golgi manipulation strategy by Legionella highlights how the bacterium hijacks the secretory pathway to promote bacterial infection.
CELL DEATH AND DIFFERENTIATION
(2021)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Richard Van Krieken, Yuan-Li Tsai, Anthony J. Carlos, Dat P. Ha, Amy S. Lee
Summary: Recent research has revealed that ER chaperones such as GRP78 can escape from the ER and traffic to the cell surface in colon and lung cancer via a non-traditional endosomal transport pathway mediated by Rab GTPases. This unconventional translocation mechanism is driven by membrane fusion between ER-derived vesicles and endosomes, requiring specific SNARE proteins and co-chaperones regulated by ER stress-induced signaling pathways.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Review
Plant Sciences
Pengwei Wang, Patrick Duckney, Erlin Gao, Patrick J. J. Hussey, Verena Kriechbaumer, Chengyang Li, Jingze Zang, Tong Zhang
Summary: Functional regulation and structural maintenance of organelles in plants are crucial for plant development, reproduction, and stress responses. Recent studies have identified proteins that regulate membrane connections in plants, providing insights into the mechanism and function of these connections. The endoplasmic reticulum plays a key role in linking different subcellular compartments in plants, and its membrane contact sites (MCS) and ER-plasma membrane contact sites (EPCS) have been extensively studied. However, plant MCS are different from those in other eukaryotic systems. In this article, we summarize the recent advances in understanding these essential links in plants and discuss their mechanisms and biological relevance.
Article
Plant Sciences
Jens Tilsner, Verena Kriechbaumer
Summary: This research reveals the interaction between plant reticulon proteins (RTN) and viral movement proteins (vMP), indicating their potential role in the formation and regulation of plasmodesmata (PD) in plants.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Leena Haataja, Anoop Arunagiri, Anis Hassan, Kaitlin Regan, Billy Tsai, Balamurugan Dhayalan, Michael A. Weiss, Ming Liu, Peter Arvan
Summary: Efficient export of proinsulin from the endoplasmic reticulum requires the formation of specific disulfide bonds, while disrupting certain pairings may improve trafficking in some mutants. Mutations causing Mutant INS gene-induced Diabetes of Youth (MIDY) often result in perturbed proinsulin disulfide bond formation, with potential for allele-specific pharmacological targeting in the future.
CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LIFE SCIENCES
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Ben Zucker, Michael M. Kozlov
Summary: Recent advances in super-resolution microscopy revealed previously unknown nanoscopic organization of endoplasmic reticulum (ER), including various nanostructures, and proposed a common concept based on membrane intrinsic curvature and ultra-low membrane tensions as key factors shaping these structures.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2022)
Review
Plant Sciences
Zane Duxbury, Chih-hang Wu, Pingtao Ding
Summary: Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat receptors (NLRs) play crucial roles in the innate immune systems of both plants and animals, with striking similarities between them as revealed by recent discoveries. The findings of plant NLR resistosomes, comparable to animal inflammasomes, highlight the similarities in complex formation between plant and animal NLRs. Additionally, the mechanisms by which NLRs mediate immune responses show similarities in plants and animals.
ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY, VOL 72, 2021
(2021)
Article
Plant Sciences
Song-Yi Kuo, Chung-Chi Hu, Ying-Wen Huang, Chin-Wei Lee, Meng-Jhe Luo, Chin-Wei Tu, Shu-Chuan Lee, Na-Sheng Lin, Yau-Heiu Hsu
Summary: This study analyzed the role of AGOs in orchids in defending against major viruses, finding that PaAGO5a and PaAGO5b play central roles in antiviral defense mechanisms. A virus-induced gene silencing vector based on Foxtail mosaic virus was developed to confirm the importance of PaAGO5s in defenses against CymMV and ORSV.
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Cian Duggan, Eleonora Moratto, Zachary Savage, Eranthika Hamilton, Hiroaki Adachi, Chih-Hang Wu, Alexandre Y. Leary, Yasin Tumtas, Stephen M. Rothery, Abbas Maqbool, Seda Nohut, Toby Ross Martin, Sophien Kamoun, Tolga Osman Bozkurt
Summary: Plants use sensor-helper pairs of NLR immune receptors to detect pathogen effectors and activate immune responses. NRC4 in the NRC solanaceous helper NLR family undergoes dynamic changes in subcellular localization during infection with Phytophthora infestans, potentially spreading to other cellular membranes post-activation to trigger immune responses.
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
(2021)
Article
Virology
Shu-Chuan Lee, Hsuan Pai, Ying-Wen Huang, Meng-Hsun He, Yun-Lin Song, Song-Yi Kuo, Wen-Chi Chang, Yau-Heiu Hsu, Na-Sheng Lin
Summary: Synergistic interactions among viruses, hosts, and transmission vectors during mixed infection can change viral titers, symptom severity, or host range, with VSRs being one contributing factor. ORSV and CymMV exhibit unilateral enhancement in Phalaenopsis orchids, revealing the VSR function of ORSV's replicase P126 in enhancing CymMV cell-to-cell movement. Mutagenesis analysis showed that the VSR and protein function of P126 might be prerequisites for this enhancement.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Lida Derevnina, Mauricio P. Contreras, Hiroaki Adachi, Jessica Upson, Angel Vergara Cruces, Rongrong Xie, Jan Sklenar, Frank L. H. Menke, Sam T. Mugford, Dan MacLean, Wenbo Ma, Saskia Hogenhout, Aska Goverse, Abbas Maqbool, Chih-Hang Wu, Sophien Kamoun
Summary: Research has shown that plant NLR proteins can form receptor networks to provide cell death and immunity. Pathogens have evolved proteins to counteract NRC activities and suppress plant defense responses, leading to the continuous evolution of NRC networks.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Xiao Lin, Andrea Olave-Achury, Robert Heal, Marina Pais, Kamil Witek, Hee-Kyung Ahn, He Zhao, Shivani Bhanvadia, Hari S. Karki, Tianqiao Song, Chih-hang Wu, Hiroaki Adachi, Sophien Kamoun, Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers, Jonathan D. G. Jones
Summary: A new effector AV-Ramr3 was identified and recognized by the resistance gene Rpi-amr3 in a wild Solanaceae species, activating resistance against multiple Phytophthora pathogens.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Jiorgos Kourelis, Mauricio P. Contreras, Adeline Harant, Hsuan Pai, Daniel Ludke, Hiroaki Adachi, Lida Derevnina, Chih-Hang Wu, Sophien Kamoun
Summary: This study reveals that the cell surface receptor Cf-4 requires intracellular NRC3 to trigger cell death response. The activity of NRC3 requires intact N-terminal MADA motif, while pathogen effectors can suppress Cf-4-triggered hypersensitive cell death.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mauricio P. Contreras, Hsuan Pai, Yasin Tumtas, Cian Duggan, Enoch Lok Him Yuen, Angel Vergara Cruces, Jiorgos Kourelis, Hee-Kyung Ahn, Kim-Teng Lee, Chih-Hang Wu, Tolga O. Bozkurt, Lida Derevnina, Sophien Kamoun
Summary: Nucleotide-binding domain leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors are important components of plant and metazoan innate immunity. In asterid plant species, the NLR required for cell death (NRC) immune receptor network is composed of multiple resistance protein sensors and downstream helpers. The study reveals the activation and release model for NLRs in the NRC immune receptor network and provides insights into the activation mechanisms of plant paired NLRs.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Hee-Kyung Ahn, Xiao Lin, Andrea Carolina Olave-Achury, Lida Derevnina, Mauricio P. Contreras, Jiorgos Kourelis, Chih-Hang Wu, Sophien Kamoun, Jonathan D. G. Jones
Summary: Plant pathogens affect crop yields. Plants have evolved innate immunity based on NLR immune receptors that detect pathogen-derived effectors. Helper NLRs support the function of sensor NLRs, but the mechanism is not fully understood. This study uncovers the formation of resistosomes by Rpi-amr3 sensor NLR and helper NLRs NRC2 and NRC4, highlighting the importance of NRC resistosome formation in developing disease-resistant crops.
Article
Genetics & Heredity
Hiroaki Adachi, Toshiyuki Sakai, Adeline O. Harant, Hsuan Pai, Kodai Honda, AmirAli Toghani, Jules Claeys, Cian Duggan, Tolga Bozkurt, Chih-hang Wu, Sophien Kamoun
Summary: Plants have a powerful immune system to fight pathogens, but inappropriate activation of immunity can lead to growth inhibition and autoimmunity. A non-canonical immune receptor gene has been found to modulate the immune receptor network, maintaining balance in the immune system. Understanding how plants regulate their immune receptor system can guide the breeding of disease resistant crops with minimal fitness penalties.
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Soohyun Oh, Sejun Kim, Hyo-Jeong oPark, Myung-Shin Kim, Min-Ki Seo, Chih-Hang Wu, Hyun-Ah Lee, Hyun-Soon Kim, Sophien Kamoun, Doil Choi
Summary: In this study, multiple functional NLRs were identified from nonhost pepper that can recognize effectors of the potato late blight pathogen Phytophthora infestans and confer disease resistance in a surrogate system. These findings suggest that nonhost NLRs could be a valuable resource for developing crops with durable resistance against fast-evolving pathogens.
PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Arsheed H. Sheikh, Iosif Zacharia, Alonso J. Pardal, Ana Dominguez-Ferreras, Daniela J. Sueldo, Jung-Gun Kim, Alexi Balmuth, Jose R. Gutierrez, Brendon F. Conlan, Najeeb Ullah, Olivia M. Nippe, Anil M. Girija, Chih-Hang Wu, Guido Sessa, Alexandra M. E. Jones, Murray R. Grant, Miriam L. Gifford, Mary Beth Mudgett, John P. Rathjen, Vardis Ntoukakis
Summary: In both plants and animals, nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors play critical roles in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. By studying the tomato Prf/Pto NLR resistance complex, the researchers identified the 14-3-3 proteins TFT1 and TFT3 as interacting partners of the NLR complex and the protein kinase MAPKKK alpha. They also found that the helper NRC proteins are integral components of the Prf/Pto NLR recognition complex. The study provides mechanistic insights into the activation of immune receptors and initiation of downstream signaling cascades.
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
(2023)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Mauricio P. Contreras, Hsuan Pai, Muniyandi Selvaraj, AmirAli Toghani, David M. Lawson, Yasin Tumtas, Cian Duggan, Enoch Lok Him Yuen, Clare E. M. Stevenson, Adeline Harant, Abbas Maqbool, Chih-Hang Wu, Tolga O. Bozkurt, Sophien Kamoun, Lida Derevnina
Summary: Parasites suppress host immunity by inhibiting helper NLR proteins that are important for immune receptor networks. In this study, a cyst nematode virulence effector was found to bind and inhibit the activity of the helper NLR protein NRC2, preventing its activation. However, an amino acid polymorphism at the binding interface between NRC2 and the inhibitor allowed the NLR to evade immune suppression and restore disease resistance genes. This finding suggests a potential strategy for enhancing disease resistance in crops.
Review
Plant Sciences
Chih-hang Wu, Lida Derevnina
Summary: In order to infect plants successfully, pathogens have to evade the plant immune system. NLRs, intracellular immune receptors of the NLR class, play a crucial role in the plant immune system. Pathogens have evolved effectors to suppress NLR-mediated immunity either directly or indirectly. In this article, we summarize the latest discoveries related to NLR-suppressing effectors and categorize them based on their mode of action. We discuss the different strategies pathogens use to perturb NLR-mediated immunity and how this understanding can be applied in disease resistance breeding.
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Plant Sciences
Kamil Witek, Xiao Lin, Hari S. Karki, Florian Jupe, Agnieszka Witek, Burkhard Steuernagel, Remco Stam, Cock van Oosterhout, Sebastian Fairhead, Robert Heal, Jonathan M. Cocker, Shivani Bhanvadia, William Barrett, Chih-Hang Wu, Hiroaki Adachi, Tianqiao Song, Sophien Kamoun, Vivianne G. A. A. Vleeshouwers, Laurence Tomlinson, Brande B. H. Wulff, Jonathan D. G. Jones
Summary: The study identified a new R gene, Rpi-amr1, from Solanum americanum, which confers resistance in potato to late blight caused by Phytophthora infestans. The diversity within the Rpi-amr1 gene family assists in recognizing diverse effector paralogues and alleles, contributing to durable resistance against P. infestans.