Article
Environmental Sciences
Ahmad Aakash, Deedar Nabi
Summary: This study recalibrates the Abraham solvation models (ASMs) and introduces partition models (PMs) to accurately assess the sensory irritation threshold (SIT) of organic air pollutants. Additionally, GC x GC models are used to predict the SIT of nonpolar analytes in complex mixtures. PMs provide a more convenient screening tool for SIT compared to ASMs, and the GC x GC models offer estimation for nonpolar mixtures.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Weihua Yang, Weifang Li, Yan Zhang, Meng Han, Zengxiu Zhai, Huanwen Cui
Summary: This study investigates the impact of a cigarette factory on the surrounding residents' odor perception and establishes the exposure-response relationship. The findings provide a scientific basis for controlling the odor emissions from cigarette production. The main odor substances emitted by the cigarette factory were found to be oxygenated organic compounds, such as esters, fatty acids, and ketones.
AEROSOL AND AIR QUALITY RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Stewart Lebrun, Sara Chavez, Roxanne Chan, Linda Nguyen, James Jester
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the addition of ascorbic acid can reduce false-positive results for chemicals with reactive chemistries and whether it interferes with the detection of true-positive and true-negative ocular irritants. The results showed that ascorbic acid can significantly reduce false-positive results for chemicals with reactive chemistries, without affecting the detection of true-positive and true-negative chemicals.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Jinsik Kim, Muthuchamy Maruthupandy, Kyu Sup An, Kwang Hun Lee, Soyeon Jeon, Ji-Su Kim, Wan-Seob Cho
Summary: The study prepared weathered polypropylene microplastics and found no toxicity effects or mutagenicity in rats at a dose of 25 mg/kg bw/day. The no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of weathered polypropylene microplastics was higher than 25 mg/kg bw/day, and no skin or eye irritation potentials were observed.
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Joyce V. B. Borba, Vinicius M. Alves, Rodolpho C. Braga, Daniel R. Korn, Kirsten Overdahl, Arthur C. Silva, Steven U. S. Hall, Erik Overdahl, Nicole Kleinstreuer, Judy Strickland, David Allen, Carolina Horta Andrade, Eugene N. Muratov, Alexander Tropsha
Summary: Modern chemical toxicology is in need of reducing, refining, and replacing animal tests. In this study, a collection of computational models called STopTox was developed to predict the toxicity hazard of small organic molecules. The models were validated and shown to have high accuracy. A web portal was also established to assist scientists and regulators in identifying potential toxicants or non-toxicants in chemical libraries of interest.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2022)
Article
Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology
Shanshan Xiao, Hang Yu, Yunfei Xie, Yahui Guo, Jiajia Fan, Weirong Yao
Summary: Research showed that Borneol essential oil has good analgesic effects, significantly reducing writhing pain in mice, and also explored the mechanism of its analgesic effects.
Article
Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems
Nicolai Obling, Bojidar Rangelov, Vibeke Backer, John R. Hurst, Uffe Bodtger
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the co-existence of small airways disease (SAD) and upper airway symptoms in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The results showed a high prevalence of SAD in COPD patients, but no association between upper airway symptoms and small airways disease was found.
RESPIRATORY MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Toxicology
Daniel Krakowian, Dominika Gadarowska, Anna Daniel-Wojcik, Inga Mrzyk
Summary: None of the existing in vitro methods are suitable for directly classifying a substance as an eye irritant category 2. The study aimed to develop a new method, Cytotoxicity Assay to Assess Eye Irritation (CEI), which showed high sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy in classifying substances into different categories.
TOXICOLOGY LETTERS
(2021)
Article
Engineering, Biomedical
Marta Tullio, Lorenzo Aliboni, Francesca Pennati, Rosaria Carrinola, Alessandro Palleschi, Andrea Aliverti
Summary: Pulmonary lobectomy is the gold standard intervention for lung cancer removal, and the use of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in studying the postoperative effects revealed significant fluid dynamic changes and localized ventilation disparities.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR NUMERICAL METHODS IN BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Stewart Lebrun, Sara Chavez, Linda Nguyen, Roxanne Chan
Summary: This study evaluated the accuracy of the OptiSafe (OS) test for an expanded application domain, including additional ocular corrosives and previously excluded foaming agents. The results show that both the original and updated OS methods have a high accuracy for the expanded application domain that included ocular corrosives and surfactants.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2023)
Review
Toxicology
Stewart Lebrun, Linda Nguyen, Sara Chavez, Roxanne Chan, Debby Le, Minh Nguyen, James Jester
Summary: Testing and classification of chemicals for ocular effects is essential for safety guidelines. Analyzing the same chemicals showed a wide range in false-positive rates for different tests. While tiered testing strategies can reduce false positives, they may result in higher false negative rates with minimal improvement in accuracy.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2021)
Article
Toxicology
Stewart J. Lebrun, Sara Chavez, Roxanne Chan, Linda Nguyen, James Jester
Summary: The addition of tear antioxidants to in vitro alternative test systems can substantially reduce the false-positive rate and improve ocular irritant detection.
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
(2021)
Article
Mechanics
Mohammad S. Islam, Md. Mizanur Rahman, Puchanee Larpruenrudee, Akbar Arsalanloo, Hamidreza Mortazavy Beni, Md. Ariful Islam, YuanTong Gu, Emilie Sauret
Summary: This study focuses on the analysis of microplastic transport and deposition in the upper lung airways. The findings reveal that the shape and size of microplastics, as well as the morphology of the airways, significantly influence the flow fields and deposition patterns. The research provides valuable insights into the understanding of microplastic transport in airways and can contribute to future therapeutics development.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krystyna Lieto, Rafal Skopek, Aneta Lewicka, Marta Stelmasiak, Emilia Klimaszewska, Arthur Zelent, Lukasz Szymanski, Slawomir Lewicki
Summary: Animal research provides abundant data but causes suffering for animals. Scientists are promoting alternative in vitro methods to replace animal sacrifice. The Draize test, a historically infamous animal test, fails to accurately mimic human response. Therefore, alternative methods have been developed to evaluate ocular toxicity and drug effectiveness.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Agriculture, Dairy & Animal Science
Chiara Maria Lo Feudo, Giovanni Stancari, Federica Collavo, Luca Stucchi, Bianca Conturba, Enrica Zucca, Francesco Ferrucci
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the possible relationship between the complete resting evaluation of the upper and lower airways and dynamic upper airway obstructions (DUAO). The results showed that flaccidity of the epiglottis was associated with dorsal displacement of the soft palate, while epiglottis length was not related to DUAO. There were no associations between DUAO and pharyngo-laryngeal hyperplasia (PLH), lower airway inflammation (LAI), or exercise-induced pulmonary hemorrhage (EIPH). In conclusion, the epiglottis may play a role in upper airway stability, while airway inflammation does not seem to contribute to the development of DUAO.
Article
Toxicology
Sonja A. Wrobel, Daniel Bury, Heiko Hayen, Holger M. Koch, Thomas Bruning, Heiko U. Kaefferlein
Summary: The study revealed that neonicotinoids and neonicotinoid-like compounds are extensively metabolized in humans to specific metabolites which are excreted alongside the parent compounds. A total of 24 metabolites were detected, with phase-I metabolites predominantly derived through mono-oxidation and oxidative N-desalkylation reactions.
ARCHIVES OF TOXICOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jan Hovanec, Tobias Weiss, Holger Koch, Beate Pesch, Thomas Behrens, Benjamin Kendzia, Marina Arendt, Nico Dragano, Susanne Moebus, Boerge Schmidt, Thomas Bruening, Karl-Heinz Joeckel
Summary: The study findings show that there is a lack of accuracy in self-reported smoking intensity among individuals with lower socioeconomic status (SES) in both men and women. Although there is some correlation, the relationship between smoking intensity and urinary nicotine metabolites is weaker in the low SES group.
Article
Oncology
T. Gambichler, C. Finis, N. Abu Rached, C. H. Scheel, J. C. Becker, K. Lang, H. U. Kafferlein, T. Bruning, N. Abolmaali, L. Susok
Summary: The study investigated the protein expression of DNA mismatch repair (MMR) proteins in patients with cutaneous melanoma (CM) receiving immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy. Immunohistochemistry was performed on tumor tissue of 50 patients, and reduced MMR protein expression was observed in 16% of patients. Baseline neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio and reduced intratumoral MMR protein expression were significantly associated with favorable treatment response. However, further validation is required in larger patient cohorts.
JOURNAL OF CANCER RESEARCH AND CLINICAL ONCOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Benedikt Ringbeck, Till Weber, Daniel Bury, Monika Kasper-Sonnenberg, Claudia Paelmke, Thomas Bruening, Holger M. Koch, Marike Kolossa-Gehring
Summary: This study analyzed NP metabolites in urine samples as biomarkers of exposure and found that human exposure levels have decreased over the past 30 years, indicating contaminated food as a major source of exposure.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Swaantje Casjens, Dirk Taeger, Thomas Bruning, Thomas Behrens
Summary: This study examined the mental distress of employees in different sectors of Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic. It found that high and potential occupational infection risk was associated with more severe mental distress symptoms. The severity of mental distress was also related to work-privacy conflicts, perceived job protection, interactions with colleagues, and over commitment.
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Thomas Behrens, Calvin Ge, Roel Vermeulen, Benjamin Kendzia, Ann Olsson, Joachim Schuez, Hans Kromhout, Beate Pesch, Susan Peters, Luetzen Portengen, Per Gustavsson, Dario Mirabelli, Pascal Guenel, Daniele Luce, Dario Consonni, Neil E. Caporaso, Maria Teresa Landi, John K. Field, Stefan Karrasch, Heinz-Erich Wichmann, Jack Siemiatycki, Marie-Elise Parent, Lorenzo Richiardi, Lorenzo Simonato, Karl-Heinz Joeckel, Wolfgang Ahrens, Hermann Pohlabeln, Guillermo Fernandez-Tardon, David Zaridze, John R. McLaughlin, Paul A. Demers, Beata Swiatkowska, Jolanta Lissowska, Tamas Pandics, Eleonora Fabianova, Dana Mates, Vladimir Bencko, Lenka Foretova, Vladimir Janout, Paolo Boffetta, Bas Bueno-de-Mesquita, Francesco Forastiere, Kurt Straif, Thomas Bruening
Summary: Limited evidence exists regarding the exposure-effect relationship between lung-cancer risk and hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) or nickel. This study found that occupational exposure to Cr(VI) and nickel was associated with lung-cancer risks, particularly in men. In men, the highest quartile of cumulative exposure to CR(VI) and nickel were both significantly associated with increased odds ratios for lung cancer.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Oncology
Mehdi Manoochehri, Nasim Borhani, Clarissa Gerhaeuser, Yassen Assenov, Maximilian Schoenung, Thomas Hielscher, Brock C. Christensen, Min Kyung Lee, Hermann-Josef Grone, Daniel B. Lipka, Thomas Bruening, Hiltrud Brauch, Yon-Dschun Ko, Ute Hamann
Summary: Noninvasive detection of aberrant DNA methylation could provide invaluable biomarkers for earlier detection of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), aiding clinicians in easier and more efficient treatment options.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CANCER
(2023)
Article
Chemistry, Analytical
Sonja A. Wrobel, Daniel Bury, Vladimir N. Belov, Jan M. Klenk, Bernhard Hauer, Heiko Hayen, Anderson J. Martino-Andrade, Holger M. Koch, Thomas Bruening, Heiko U. Kaefferlein
Summary: We have developed a specific and robust analytical method to analyze the most important neonicotinoids and their metabolites in human urine. The method was successfully validated and applied to quantify these compounds in individuals from the general population in Germany and pregnant women from Brazil with no known occupational exposures to neonicotinoids.
ANALYTICA CHIMICA ACTA
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Michal Gina, Katharina Wichert, Gerald Kutz, Thomas Bruening, Manige Fartasch
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate whether the use of protective creams prior to wearing liquid-proof gloves can mitigate the occlusion effect and skin sensitivity. The results showed that the use of protective creams did not alleviate the occlusion effect, and some creams may have negative effects on the skin barrier function and increase sensitivity.
CONTACT DERMATITIS
(2023)
Article
Allergy
Michal Gina, Katharina Wichert, Birgit Pieper, Thomas Behrens, Thomas Bruening, Manige Fartasch
Summary: This study compared the effects of using a shorter duration of a grit-containing cleanser and a longer duration of a mild cleanser on skin damage. The results showed that the shorter duration of the grit-containing cleanser resulted in more significant damage to the skin barrier, while the longer duration of the mild cleanser caused less damage.
CONTACT DERMATITIS
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Sonja A. Wrobel, Stephan Koslitz, Vladimir N. Belov, Daniel Bury, Heiko Hayen, Thomas Bruening, Holger M. Koch, Heiko U. Kaefferlein
Summary: This study developed and validated an analytical method to detect the metabolites of neonicotinoid insecticides in human urine. The results showed that the main metabolite in human urine was 6-chloronicotinic acid glycine, but the specific source of exposure remained unclear.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2023)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Dirk Taeger, Stephan Koslitz, Heiko U. Kaefferlein, Tim Pelzl, Birgit Heinrich, Dietmar Breuer, Tobias Weiss, Volker Harth, Thomas Behrens, Thomas Bruening
Summary: This study assessed the levels of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) during firefighting operations in Germany using biomonitoring methods. The results showed that properly applied protective clothing and wearing of self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) can significantly reduce PAH exposure levels. However, there might still be individual situations in which PAH are increasingly incorporated, and the possibility of an individual increased cancer risk cannot be completely ruled out.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Editorial Material
Chemistry, Multidisciplinary
Andrea Hartwig, Christoph van Thriel
Article
Cell Biology
Raly James Perez Custodio, Zaynab Hobloss, Maiju Myllys, Reham Hassan, Daniela Gonzalez, Joerg Reinders, Julia Bornhorst, Ann-Kathrin Weishaupt, Abdel-latif Seddek, Tahany Abbas, Adrian Friebel, Stefan Hoehme, Stephan Getzmann, Jan G. Hengstler, Christoph van Thriel, Ahmed Ghallab
Summary: Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is the most common chronic liver disease in Western countries. This study found that MASLD has an effect on brain histology, cognitive functions, and neurotransmitters.
Article
Oncology
Thomas U. Ahearn, Haoyu Zhang, Kyriaki Michailidou, Roger L. Milne, Manjeet K. Bolla, Joe Dennis, Alison M. Dunning, Michael Lush, Qin Wang, Irene L. Andrulis, Hoda Anton-Culver, Volker Arndt, Kristan J. Aronson, Paul L. Auer, Annelie Augustinsson, Adinda Baten, Heiko Becher, Sabine Behrens, Javier Benitez, Marina Bermisheva, Carl Blomqvist, Stig E. Bojesen, Bernardo Bonanni, Anne-Lise Borresen-Dale, Hiltrud Brauch, Hermann Brenner, Angela Brooks-Wilson, Thomas Bruening, Barbara Burwinkel, Saundra S. Buys, Federico Canzian, Jose E. Castelao, Jenny Chang-Claude, Stephen J. Chanock, Georgia Chenevix-Trench, Christine L. Clarke, J. Margriet Collee, Angela Cox, Simon S. Cross, Kamila Czene, Mary B. Daly, Peter Devilee, Thilo Dork, Miriam Dwek, Diana M. Eccles, D. Gareth Evans, Peter A. Fasching, Jonine Figueroa, Giuseppe Floris, Manuela Gago-Dominguez, Susan M. Gapstur, Jose A. Garcia-Saenz, Mia M. Gaudet, Graham G. Giles, Mark S. Goldberg, Anna Gonzalez-Neira, Grethe I. Grenaker Alnaes, Mervi Grip, Pascal Guenel, Christopher A. Haiman, Per Hall, Ute Hamann, Elaine F. Harkness, Bernadette A. M. Heemskerk-Gerritsen, Bernd Holleczek, Antoinette Hollestelle, Maartje J. Hooning, Robert N. Hoover, John L. Hopper, Anthony Howell, Milena Jakimovska, Anna Jakubowska, Esther M. John, Michael E. Jones, Audrey Jung, Rudolf Kaaks, Saila Kauppila, Renske Keeman, Elza Khusnutdinova, Cari M. Kitahara, Yon-Dschun Ko, Stella Koutros, Vessela N. Kristensen, Ute Kruger, Katerina Kubelka-Sabit, Allison W. Kurian, Kyriacos Kyriacou, Diether Lambrechts, Derrick G. Lee, Annika Lindblom, Martha Linet, Jolanta Lissowska, Ana Llaneza, Wing-Yee Lo, Robert J. MacInnis, Arto Mannermaa, Mehdi Manoochehri, Sara Margolin, Maria Elena Martinez, Catriona McLean, Alfons Meindl, Usha Menon, Heli Nevanlinna, William G. Newman, Jesse Nodora, Kenneth Offit, Hakan Olsson, Nick Orr, Tjoung-Won Park-Simon, Alpa Patel, Julian Peto, Guillermo Pita, Dijana Plaseska-Karanfilska, Ross Prentice, Kevin Punie, Katri Pylkas, Paolo Radice, Gad Rennert, Atocha Romero, Thomas Ruediger, Emmanouil Saloustros, Sarah Sampson, Dale P. Sandler, Elinor J. Sawyer, Rita K. Schmutzler, Minouk J. Schoemaker, Ben Schottker, Mark E. Sherman, Xiao-Ou Shu, Snezhana Smichkoska, Melissa C. Southey, John J. Spinelli, Anthony J. Swerdlow, Rulla M. Tamimi, William J. Tapper, Jack A. Taylor, Lauren R. Teras, Mary Beth Terry, Diana Torres, Melissa A. Troester, Celine M. Vachon, Carolien H. M. van Deurzen, Elke M. van Veen, Philippe Wagner, Clarice R. Weinberg, Camilla Wendt, Jelle Wesseling, Robert Winqvist, Alicja Wolk, Xiaohong R. Yang, Wei Zheng, Fergus J. Couch, Jacques Simard, Peter Kraft, Douglas F. Easton, Paul D. P. Pharoah, Marjanka K. Schmidt, Montserrat Garcia-Closas, Nilanjan Chatterjee
Summary: This study identifies breast cancer susceptibility variants that are associated with tumor features and intrinsic molecular subtypes, providing insights for subtype-specific risk prediction.
BREAST CANCER RESEARCH
(2022)