Review
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Jack T. Pryor, Lachlan O. Cowley, Stephanie E. Simonds
Summary: Nine out of 10 people breathe air that does not meet World Health Organization pollution limits, leading to approximately 8 million deaths annually. Particulate matter is the most dangerous form of air pollution, causing inflammatory and oxidative tissue damage. This review will summarize the impact of particulate matter on physiological systems, referring to relevant epidemiological and toxicological studies.
FRONTIERS IN PUBLIC HEALTH
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Benjamin Bowe, Andrew K. Gibson, Yan Xie, Yan Yan, Aaron van Donkelaar, Randall V. Martin, Ziyad Al-Aly
Summary: The study found a correlation between PM2.5 and the risks of weight gain and obesity, especially at PM2.5 concentrations below the national standard. Results were consistent across different sensitivity analyses, suggesting that PM2.5 air pollution may contribute to obesity and weight gain.
ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Huizhong Shen, Boyu Liu, Yilin Chen, Xi Zhu, Xiao Yun, Wenjun Meng, Cengxi Lu, Guofeng Shen, Yongtao Hu, Armistead G. Russell, Kirk R. Smith, Shu Tao
Summary: The popularity of facemasks has increased in northern China due to severe air pollution. While wearing facemasks can reduce exposure to particulate matter, the protection is limited as people spend most of their time indoors. Installing indoor air purifiers is a more effective strategy for long-term protection against particulate matter exposure.
ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL
(2021)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Hua-Chuan Lin, Jing-Min Guo, Pin Ge, Ping Ou
Summary: This study found a modest association between prenatal exposure to PM2.5 and the risk of hypospadias, particularly within 1 month before pregnancy or the first trimester. There was no significant association observed between exposure to PM2.5-10 and PM10 during pregnancy and the risk of hypospadias in offspring.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
H. A. Sheikh, B. A. Maher, A. W. Woods, P. Y. Tung, R. J. Harrison
Summary: This study demonstrates the efficacy of roadside green infrastructure (GI) in improving local air quality by capturing and reducing airborne particulate matter (PM). A recently installed 'tredge' was found to be effective in intercepting and depositing PM, resulting in significant reduction in exposure in a school playground setting. The findings suggest that GI can be a cost-effective mitigation strategy.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2023)
Review
Environmental Sciences
Zhenjie Wang, Mengmeng Xu, Yanhua Wang, Ting Wang, Nan Wu, Wenjing Zheng, Huawei Duan
Summary: The study investigated the impact of PM exposure on surfactant proteins, finding a significant decrease in circulating SP-D and an increase in serum SP-A among smokers. These results suggest that circulating surfactant proteins may serve as biomarkers for respiratory injury caused by air particulate matter.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Nelson Gouveia, Josiah L. Kephart, Iryna Dronova, Leslie McClure, Jose Tapia Granados, Ricardo Morales Betancourt, Andrea Cortinez O'Ryan, Jose Luis Texcalac-Sangrador, Kevin Martinez-Folgar, Daniel Rodriguez, Ana Diez-Roux
Summary: The study found that a significant proportion of the population in Latin American cities live in areas with air pollution levels above WHO standards. Larger cities, higher GDP, higher motorization rate, and congestion tend to have higher PM2.5 levels. On the other hand, areas with higher population density tend to have lower levels of PM2.5.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2021)
Article
Green & Sustainable Science & Technology
Nur 'atiah Zaini, Ali Najah Ahmed, Lee Woen Ean, Ming Fai Chow, Marlinda Abdul Malek
Summary: Accurate air pollution forecasting is crucial for urban planning and health risk management. This study utilizes hybrid deep learning models to forecast PM2.5 concentration in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and improves prediction accuracy through analyzing neighboring station data and optimizing model parameters.
JOURNAL OF CLEANER PRODUCTION
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Zhi Zhang, Jialian Gong, Yu Li, Weikang Zhang, Tong Zhang, Huan Meng, Xiaowei Liu
Summary: Urban trees, especially their leaves, have the potential to capture atmospheric particulate matter (PM) and improve air quality. This study compared different measurement methods to determine the PM retention capacity of leaf surfaces of three coniferous species. The results showed that Pine and Fir were more efficient in capturing PM than Juniper, but different methods could affect the detected results of PM accumulation on leaf surfaces. The study also highlighted the importance of methodological standardization in measuring PM and its implications for selecting tree species with high air purification capacity.
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
(2022)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Miguel Santibanez-Andrade, Ericka Marel Quezada-Maldonado, Andrea Rivera-Pineda, Yolanda I. I. Chirino, Claudia M. Garcia-Cuellar, Yesennia Sanchez-Perez
Summary: Oxidative stress in cells is caused by an imbalance between oxidant production and the antioxidant system's ability to detoxify reactive products. This stress can lead to genotoxic damage, mutation, and play a role in carcinogenesis. Particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been identified as a cancer risk factor, and evidence suggests that PM-induced oxidative stress can contribute to various events promoting carcinogenesis. This review emphasizes the importance of studying the oxidative and genotoxic mechanisms associated with PM in malignant cell transformation and calls for more accurate approaches to assess its carcinogenic potential.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Computer Science, Information Systems
Uzair Aslam Bhatti, Yuhuan Yan, Mingquan Zhou, Sajid Ali, Aamir Hussain, Qingsong Huo, Zhaoyuan Yu, Linwang Yuan
Summary: As Pakistan's economy, transportation, and industry develop, environmental pollution has become a prominent issue, with air quality in Lahore exceeding national standards. There is a strong correlation between particulate matter and other pollutants, with future predictions showing an increase in PM2.5 concentration.
Article
Immunology
Mikko T. Huuskonen, Qinghai Liu, Krista Lamorie-Foote, Kristina Shkirkova, Michelle Connor, Arati Patel, Axel Montagne, Hans Baertsch, Constantinos Sioutas, Todd E. Morgan, Caleb E. Finch, Berislav Zlokovic, William J. Mack
Summary: Exposure to air pollution nanoparticles exacerbates cerebrovascular pathology and demyelination, particularly in the presence of cerebral hypoperfusion, suggesting a potential link between air pollution and cognitive decline in elderly populations.
FRONTIERS IN IMMUNOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Dong-Wook Lee, Jongmin Oh, Shinhee Ye, Youngrin Kwag, Wonho Yang, Yangho Kim, Eunhee Ha
Summary: The study found a significant association between exposure to PM10 and blood cadmium concentrations among Korean housewives, suggesting that the body burden of heavy metals is significantly associated with air pollution.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2021)
Article
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Peter A. Kentros, Yongmei Huang, Blair J. Wylie, Fady Khoury-Collado, June Y. Hou, Alexandre Buckley de Meritens, Caryn M. St. Clair, Dawn L. Hershman, Jason D. Wright
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the association between air particulate matter (PM2.5) and ovarian cancer. The results showed that higher levels of PM2.5 in county-level environments were significantly associated with 5- and 10-year incidences of ovarian cancer.
BJOG-AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY
(2023)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Hari S. Iyer, Jaime E. Hart, Melissa R. Fiffer, Elise G. Elliott, Jeff D. Yanosky, Joel D. Kaufman, Robin C. Puett, Francine Laden
Summary: This study examined the associations between multiple particulate matter and gaseous air pollutants and inflammatory cytokines. The findings suggest that these associations are generally weak, and further research is needed to clarify the specific mechanisms.
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
(2022)
Article
Dermatology
Anangelica R. Virgens, Heliana F. O. Goes, Gabriel C. de Carvalho, Anna Julia Pietrobon, Anna Claudia C. C. Branco, Yasmim A. L. Ramos, Naiura V. Pereira, Raquel L. Orfali, Valeria Aoki, Luiz Fernando F. da Silva, Mirian N. Sotto, Vitor M. S. dos Reis, Maria N. Sato
Summary: The study showed alterations of dendrocytes, macrophages, and T cells in the skin of patients with MCI/MI ACD, especially an accumulation of M2 macrophages and CD4+ T cells around vascular areas. Additionally, abundant expression of IL-4 protein was observed in these areas. In the ACD group, an upregulation of IL-4 and IL-13 mRNA expression, a mild increase in IFNG mRNA levels were detected, indicating involvement of M2 macrophages and Th2 cells in the immunopathogenesis of MCI/MI ACD.
EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY
(2022)
Article
Andrology
Amaro N. Duarte-Neto, Thiago A. Teixeira, Elia G. Caldini, Cristina T. Kanamura, Michele S. Gomes-Gouvea, Angela B. G. dos Santos, Renata A. A. Monteiro, Joao R. R. Pinho, Thais Mauad, Luiz F. F. da Silva, Paulo H. N. Saldiva, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Katia R. M. Leite, Jorge Hallak
Summary: Pathological findings in testes from fatal COVID-19 cases showed a combination of orchitis, vascular changes, basal membrane thickening, Leydig and Sertoli cell scarcity, and reduced spermatogenesis associated with local SARS-CoV-2 infection, which may impair hormonal function and fertility in men.
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenco, Natalie de Souza Xavier Costa, Katia Cristina Dantas, Luciana dos Santos Galva, Fernando Negri Moralles, Suzette Cleuza Ferreira Spina Lombardi, Alfredo Mendroni Junior, Jose Angelo Lauletta Lindoso, Romulo Augusto Ando, Felipe Gallego Lima, Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira, Thais Mauad
Summary: The study found SARS-CoV-2 and microplastics in the outdoor air around the largest medical center in Latin America, with polyester being the most common polymer in the samples. The total amount of microplastics was positively associated with the SARS-CoV-2 viral load and negatively associated with temperature and relative humidity.
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Amanda Zarpellon, Bruno F. Matuck, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Amaro N. Duarte-Neto, Gilvan Maia, Sara C. Gomes, Daniel I. Sendyk, Suzana C. O. M. Souza, Thais Mauad, Paulo H. N. Saldiva, Paulo H. Braz-Silva, Luiz F. F. da Silva
Article
Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging
Maria da Graca Morais Martin, Vitor Ribeiro Paes, Ellison Fernando Cardoso, Carlos Eduardo Borges Passos Neto, Cristina Takami Kanamura, Claudia da Costa Leite, Maria Concepcion Garcia Otaduy, Renata Aparecida de Almeida Monteiro, Thais Mauad, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Luiz Henrique Martins Castro, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
Summary: This study investigated brain abnormalities in deceased COVID-19 patients using minimally invasive autopsy. Imaging findings and histological analysis revealed various pathological changes in the brain, including infarcts, hemorrhages, and neuronal degeneration, suggesting the involvement of SARS-CoV-2 in brain damage.
INSIGHTS INTO IMAGING
(2022)
Article
Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Carmen Diva Saldiva de Andre, Ana Luiza Bierrenbach, Lucia Pereira Barroso, Paulo Afonso de Andre, Lisie Tocci Justo, Luiz Alberto Amador Pereira, Mauro T. Taniguchi, Catia Martinez Minto, Pedro Losco Takecian, Leonardo Tadashi Kamaura, Joao Eduardo Ferreira, Riley H. Hazard, Deirdre Mclaughlin, Ian Riley, Alan D. Lopez, Ana Maria de Oliveira Ramos, Maria de Fatima Marinho de Souza, Elisabeth Barboza Franca, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
Summary: Reliable mortality data is crucial for public health policies. However, the quality of cause of death information varies across regions in Brazil. Verbal autopsy is an alternative method to improve mortality data. This study evaluated the performance of an adapted verbal autopsy questionnaire in identifying the underlying causes of non-forensic deaths in Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Review
Infectious Diseases
Raghed Almamlouk, Tarek Kashour, Sawsan Obeidat, Melanie C. Bois, Joseph J. Maleszewski, Osama A. Omrani, Rana Tleyjeh, Elie Berbari, Zaher Chakhachiro, Bassel Zein-Sabatto, Dana Gerberi, Imad M. Tleyjeh, Alberto E. Paniz Mondolfi, Aloke Finn, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto, Amy Rapkiewicz, Andrea Frustaci, Arthur-Atilla Keresztesi, Brian Hanley, Bruno Maerkl, Christelle Lardi, Clare Bryce, Diana Lindner, Diego Aguiar, Dirk Westermann, Edana Stroberg, Eric J. Duval, Esther Youd, Gaetano Pietro Bulfamante, Isabelle Salmon, Johann Auer, Klaus Hirschbuehl, Lara Absil, Lisa M. Barton, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Luiza Moore, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Martin Lammens, Michael Osborn, Myriam Remmelink, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Philippe G. Jorens, Randall Craver, Renata Aparecida de Almeida Monteiro, Roberto Scendoni, Sanjay Mukhopadhyay, Tadaki Suzuki, Thais Mauad, Tony Fracasso, Zachary Grimes
Summary: This systematic review aims to understand the cardiovascular complications of COVID-19 by pooling data from autopsy studies. The results show a high prevalence of acute and chronic cardiac pathologies in COVID-19 patients, as well as the susceptibility of the myocardium to SARS-CoV-2, with a low prevalence of myocarditis.
CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION
(2022)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Natalia de Souza Xavier Costa, Gabriel Ribeiro Junior, Adair Aparecida dos Santos Alemany, Luciano Belotti, Marcela Frota Cavalcante, Susan Ribeiro, Mariana Matera Veras, Esper Georges Kallas, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
Summary: This study aimed to investigate the effects of exposure to concentrated PM2.5 on LPS-induced lung injury onset. The results showed that there is an interaction between LPS nebulization and PM2.5 exposure, differently modulating the inflammatory response.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Susana Morimoto, Joao Luiz Azevedo Rosin, Bruno Fernandes M. Matuck, Gabriella Schroter, Maria Fernanda Setubal Destro Rodrigues, Karen M. Ramalho, Daniela Procida Raggio, Maria Stella Moreira, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva
Summary: This article reports a proposal for efficient oral decontamination using antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) for hospitalized patients with COVID-19 through a case series. The viral load in the oral cavity was found to decrease immediately or one hour after the use of aPDT, highlighting the potential of this method in minimizing microorganism load.
PHOTODIAGNOSIS AND PHOTODYNAMIC THERAPY
(2022)
Article
Environmental Sciences
Luis Fernando Amato-Lourenco, Luciana dos Santos Galvao, Helio Wiebeck, Regiani Carvalho-Oliveira, Thais Mauad
Summary: Plastics degrade into microplastics in the atmosphere, posing a threat to ecosystems and human health. This study examines the amount, composition, and characteristics of airborne microplastics in the megacity of Sao Paulo, as well as the influence of weather and seasons on their deposition.
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
(2022)
Article
Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine
Bruno Fernandes Matuck, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Blake M. Warner, Kevin Matthew Byrd
Summary: The use of autopsies in oral health care is limited, but it has the potential to play a significant role in understanding oral-systemic health. Research autopsies utilizing minimally invasive techniques can provide valuable insights for precision oral medicine. Collaboration between autopsy centers and researchers can enhance our understanding of the oral and craniofacial complex as part of the whole body.
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN DENTAL ASSOCIATION
(2023)
Article
Virology
Anna Claudia Calvielli Castelo Branco, Emily Araujo De Oliveira, Natalli Zanete Pereira, Ricardo Wesley Alberca, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto, Luiz Fernando Ferraz Da Silva, Fernanda Guedes Luiz, Naiura Vieira Pereira, Mirian Nacagami Sotto, Naiara Naiana Dejani, Patricia Helen Carvalho Rondo, Elyzabeth Avvad-Portari, Zilton Farias Meira De Vasconcelos, Alberto Jose da Silva Duarte, Tamiris Azamor, Maria Notomi Sato
Summary: The incidence of obesity is increasing worldwide, particularly in women, and this can affect pregnancy outcomes. During this period, viral infections pose a risk to the mother, placenta, and fetus. The Zika virus outbreak in Brazil has resulted in the congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) and devastating consequences such as microcephaly in newborns. This study examines the impact of maternal overweight/obesity on the expression of antiviral factors in the placental tissue of Zika-infected mothers.
Article
Infectious Diseases
Joao Carlos Geber-Junior, Renata Aparecida de Almeida Monteiro, Joao Wilson Pedro da Rocha, Edson Luiz Tarsia Duarte, Elizabete Nicodemo, Olavo Munhoz, Edison Ferreira de Paiva, Thais Mauad, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva, Marisa Dolhnikoff, Amaro Nunes Duarte-Neto
Summary: A 25-year-old female patient from China, who had recently traveled to rural areas in Southeastern Brazil, was diagnosed post-mortem with Visceral leishmaniasis (VL), leading to respiratory failure and death.
REVISTA DO INSTITUTO DE MEDICINA TROPICAL DE SAO PAULO
(2023)
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Mariana Goncalves Rodrigues, Luiz Fernando Ferraz da Silva, Vergilius Jose Furtado de Araujo-Filho, Leticia de Moraes Mosca, Vergilius Jose Furtado de Araujo-Neto, Luiz Paulo Kowalski, Paulo Campos Carneiro
Summary: This study investigates Incidental Thyroid Carcinoma (ITC) by comparing Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) cytology results with postoperative pathological findings. The findings suggest that FNAB is an excellent method for assessing thyroid nodules, but careful selection of biopsy sites is necessary. Additionally, the incidence of ITC is higher in Bethesda III and IV cases.