Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Kun Zhang, Tao Wang, Gui-Feng Sun, Jin-Xing Xiao, Li-Ping Jiang, Fang-Fang Tou, Xin-Hui Qu, Xiao-Jian Han
Summary: This study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of metformin against retinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury and its underlying mechanism. The results showed that metformin could alleviate I/R-induced retinal injury through AMPK-mediated mitochondrial fusion and decreased generation of mitochondrial ROS.
FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE
(2023)
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yaqi Guo, Haifeng Jiang, Meng Wang, Yanmei Ma, Jianzhong Zhang, Li Jing
Summary: This study investigates the neuroprotective mechanism of metformin in alleviating hyperglycemia aggravated cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury, showing that metformin activates the AMPK/ULK1/PINK1/Parkin mitophagy pathway.
CHEMICO-BIOLOGICAL INTERACTIONS
(2023)
Article
Cell Biology
Yang Deng, Rui Duan, Wangli Ding, Qiuchen Gu, Manman Liu, Junshan Zhou, Jianguo Sun, Junrong Zhu
Summary: In this study, it was found that exosomes derived from oxygen-glucose-deprivation/reoxygenation-stimulated astrocytes (OGD/R-ADEXs) reduced neuronal death and promoted autophagy by targeting AMPK/mTOR signaling. The enzyme Nampt released by OGD/R-ADEXs played a vital role in regulating autophagy and ameliorating acute ischemic stroke.
CELL DEATH & DISEASE
(2022)
Article
Cell Biology
Tian Li, Yue Yin, Nan Mu, Yishi Wang, Manling Liu, Mai Chen, Wenhua Jiang, Lu Yu, Yan Li, Heng Ma
Summary: The study revealed that accumulation of CHMP2B inhibits autophagic flux, leading to decreased myocardial ischemic tolerance. Metformin can degrade CHMP2B through the AMPK-atrogin-1-dependent pathway to maintain the homeostasis of autophagic flux, enhancing cardioprotection.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Fangjing Xie, Shisan Xu, Yingying Lu, Kin Fung Wong, Lei Sun, Kazi Md Mahmudul Hasan, Alvin C. H. Ma, Gary Tse, Sinai H. C. Manno, Li Tian, Jianbo Yue, Shuk Han Cheng
Summary: The study revealed that metformin enhances autophagic flux in zebrafish heart cryoinjury model, leading to accelerated heart regeneration and transiently enhanced heart function.
NPJ REGENERATIVE MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Integrative & Complementary Medicine
Bin Wen, Keru Zhou, Caiyin Hu, Jiehui Chen, Kai Xu, Tao Liang, Benhong He, Ling Chen, Juan Chen
Summary: Salidroside has potent protective activity against cerebral ischemia, and it may restore mitochondrial quality control in neurons by modulating relevant signaling such as AMPK. It can mitigate brain infarct volumes, improve mitochondrial functions, balance mitochondrial dynamics, promote mitochondrial biogenesis, and maintain calcium homeostasis in neurons.
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE
(2022)
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Runbo Li, Hirohito Kato, Yoichiro Taguchi, Makoto Umeda
Summary: A low-glucose environment enhances glucose metabolism and promotes wound healing in HGnFs through increased cellular stress levels and autophagy activity.
SCIENTIFIC REPORTS
(2022)
Review
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Guangli Lu, Zhen Wu, Jia Shang, Zhenxing Xie, Chaoran Chen, Chuning Zhang
Summary: Metformin is the first-line option for treating diabetic patients and has various pharmacological actions, including antitumor, anti-aging, and ovarian protection effects. Recent research has shown that autophagy is a crucial mechanism through which metformin exerts its pharmacological actions, although the effects on autophagy remain inconsistent.
BIOMEDICINE & PHARMACOTHERAPY
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Jinying Xu, Tong Ji, Guichen Li, Haiying Zhang, Yangyang Zheng, Meiying Li, Jie Ma, Yulin Li, Guangfan Chi
Summary: The study reveals that under conditions of ischemia or oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD), lactate stabilizes NDRG2 in astrocytes by inhibiting its ubiquitination, which plays an important anti-inflammatory role and inhibits TNF alpha expression and secretion. This finding suggests that NDRG2 may be a potential therapeutic target for cerebral ischemia.
JOURNAL OF NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2022)
Review
Cell Biology
Edward J. Calabrese, Evgenios Agathokleous, Rachna Kapoor, Gaurav Dhawan, Walter J. Kozumbo, Vittorio Calabrese
Summary: Metformin induced hormetic biphasic dose responses across multiple organ systems and cell types, enhancing resilience to chemical stresses through an anti-inflammatory molecular network, thereby delaying the onset and progression of neurodegenerative and chronic diseases.
AGEING RESEARCH REVIEWS
(2021)
Review
Pharmacology & Pharmacy
Samir Bolivar, Laura Noriega, Stefany Ortega, Estefanie Osorio, Wendy Rosales, Xilene Mendoza, Evelyn Mendoza-Torres
Summary: Ischemic heart disease is a major global cause of death, and during cardiac remodeling, metformin exerts cardioprotective effects by activating the classical pathway of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), with potential involvement in other cardioprotective mechanisms.
CURRENT PHARMACEUTICAL DESIGN
(2021)
Article
Immunology
Hongmiao Tao, Lihua Dong, Xiaoyun Shan, Lin Li, Haohao Chen
Summary: Oxidative stress is a key factor in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury, and miR-32-3p plays critical roles in regulating ischemic diseases. In this study, it was found that inhibiting miR-32-3p alleviated oxidative stress and neural death, while overexpressing miR-32-3p aggravated oxidative damage and neural death in cerebral ischemia/reperfusion. Furthermore, miR-32-3p bound to Cab39, inhibited its protein level, and subsequently inactivated AMPK, leading to oxidative damage and cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Neurosciences
Anna Clara Machado Colucci, Isadora D'avila Tassinari, Eloisa da Silveira Loss, Luciano Sturmer de Fraga
Summary: GPR81 is a G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) that was discovered in 2001, but its role as a lactate receptor was only confirmed 7 years later. Recent studies have shown that GPR81 is expressed in the brain and functions as a metabolic sensor, linking energy metabolism, synaptic activity, and blood flow. Activation of GPR81 leads to downregulation of adenylyl cyclase and reduction in cAMP levels, regulating various downstream pathways. Lactate, the endogenous ligand for GPR81, has also been suggested to have neuroprotective effects under ischemic conditions. This review provides an overview of the history, expression, signaling transduction, and neuroprotective roles of GPR81, and proposes it as a potential target for the treatment of cerebral ischemia.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Yue Hu, Yao-Dong Dong, Yan-Chao Wu, Qiu-Xu Wang, Xiang Nan, Da-Li Wang
Summary: The study investigated the protective effects of AMPK inhibitor BML-275 on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and found that BML-275 could alleviate cerebral infarction, neurological deficit, and neuronal apoptosis induced by occlusion. The inhibitor also induced anti-apoptosis and decreased the expression of apoptosis markers, suggesting that anti-apoptosis may be a potential neuroprotective strategy for stroke treatment.
BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY
(2021)
Article
Behavioral Sciences
Cailian Ruan, Hongtao Guo, Jiaqi Gao, Yiwei Wang, Zhiyong Liu, Jinyi Yan, Xiaoji Li, Haixia Lv
Summary: The study found that Met effectively attenuated neurological deficits and neuronal apoptosis in a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model, showing neuroprotective effects by inhibiting the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway.
BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR
(2021)