Article
Psychiatry
Robert C. Wolf, Mahmoud Rashidi, Mike M. Schmitgen, Stefan Fritze, Fabio Sambataro, Katharina M. Kubera, Dusan Hirjak
Summary: The study found significant associations between neurological soft signs and auditory verbal hallucinations in schizophrenia patients, but not with delusions. The integration function of neurological soft signs was positively correlated with the severity of auditory verbal hallucinations. This suggests important interrelationships between sensorimotor integration abilities, brain structure and function, and auditory verbal hallucination symptom expression.
SCHIZOPHRENIA BULLETIN
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Yuji Hamamoto, Yoshihiko Yu, Rikako Asada, Satoshi Mizuno, Daisuke Hasegawa
Summary: This study investigates whether feline brain volume decreases with aging using VBM analysis. The results show that gray matter in the bilateral parietal lobes decreased significantly with aging, while no significant reduction in white matter was observed.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2022)
Article
Neurosciences
Christina J. Herold, Li Kong, Maria Elena Ceballos, Johannes Schroeder, Pablo Toro
Summary: Neurological soft signs (NSS) are commonly found in severe psychiatric disorders and organic brain diseases. This study found significantly elevated NSS scores in persons with HIV and HAND, with associated gray matter reduction in the insula and cerebellum.
JOURNAL OF NEUROVIROLOGY
(2022)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Ahmed M. Al-Harrasi, Ehtesham Iqbal, Konstantinos Tsamakis, Judista Lasek, Romayne Gadelrab, Pinar Soysal, Enno Kohlhoff, Dimitrios Tsiptsios, Emmanouil Rizos, Gayan Perera, Dag Aarsland, Robert Stewart, Christoph Mueller
Summary: Detection and prediction of motor signs in patients with dementia in routine care present challenges and require further research and improvement in diagnostic tools.
EXPERIMENTAL GERONTOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Yair Mina, Tianxia Wu, Hsing-Chuan Hsieh, Dima A. Hammoud, Swati Shah, Chuen-Yen Lau, Lillian Ham, Joseph Snow, Elizabeth Horne, Anuradha Ganesan, Stanley I. Rapoport, Edmund C. Tramont, Daniel S. Reich, Brian K. Agan, Avindra Nath, Bryan R. Smith
Summary: The study found that HIV infection is associated with a higher incidence of brain white matter hyperintensities (WMH), primarily due to aging and modifiable comorbidities.
Article
Psychiatry
Adrian Andrzej Chrobak, Anna Krupa, Dominika Dudek, Marcin Siwek
Summary: The study revealed a low overlap between different assessment tools for neurological soft signs, which limits reproducibility and hinders the unification of knowledge from existing data. The diversity in NSS assessment tools suggests the need for further research on the non-localizable nature of NSS.
JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
(2021)
Review
Neurosciences
Genevieve Hayes, Joana Pinto, Sierra N. Sparks, Congxiyu Wang, Sana Suri, Daniel P. Bulte
Summary: Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) play a vital role in the regulation of cerebrovascular dynamics and may be a sensitive biomarker for neurodegenerative pathologies. They exhibit remarkable plasticity and their dysfunction may contribute to the process of neurodegeneration. External risk factors can also impact vascular function through changes in VSMC morphology. Cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) is a promising technique for identifying changes in cerebral smooth muscle state.
FRONTIERS IN NEUROSCIENCE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Anna Jopowicz, Beata Tarnacka
Summary: Wilson's disease is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the ATP7B gene. It leads to copper overload in liver cells, as well as other organs like the brain, resulting in various symptoms including hepatic, neurological, and psychiatric. Treatment options include chelation therapy, zinc salts, and liver transplantation, with new medications being investigated. Early screening for Wilson's disease is important for prompt diagnosis and better treatment outcomes.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Monica Hernandez, Ubaldo Ramon-Julvez, Francisco Ferraz, ADNI Consortium
Summary: The TADPOLE Challenge is a comprehensive challenge aimed at identifying the most predictive data, features, and methods for the progression of Alzheimer's disease. Despite finding the best prognosis methods, it is challenging to determine the contribution of these methods to accuracy. This study intensively explores and compares the top three challenge methods, investigates meaningful prognostic features, quantifies their contribution to accuracy, and provides plausible explanations for their accuracy using SHAP values. The study also examines whether these methods align with clinical knowledge.
Article
Neurosciences
Elena M. Bonke, Michaela Bonfert, Stefan M. Hillmann, Johanna Seitz-Holland, Malo Gaubert, Tim L. T. Wiegand, Alberto De Luca, Kang Ik K. Cho, Stian B. Sandmo, Eukyung Yhang, Yorghos Tripodis, Caroline Seer, David Kaufmann, Elisabeth Kaufmann, Marc Muehlmann, Jolien Gooijers, Alexander P. Lin, Alexander Leemans, Stephan P. Swinnen, Roald Bahr, Martha E. Shenton, Ofer Pasternak, Uta Tacke, Florian Heinen, Inga K. Koerte
Summary: This study investigates the association between neurological soft signs (NSS) and brain structure alterations in physically trained adolescents. The results show that adolescents with NSS have higher gyrification in specific brain regions and lower fractional anisotropy (FAt) and higher axial and radial diffusivity (ADt, RDt) in widespread areas. This suggests that NSS in adolescents are associated with brain structure alterations.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Kasper Katisko, Antti Cajanus, Nadine Huber, Olli Jaaskelainen, Tarja Kokkola, Virve Karkkainen, Hannah Rostalski, Paivi Hartikainen, Anne M. Koivisto, Sanna Hannonen, Juha-Matti Lehtola, Ville E. Korhonen, Seppo Helisalmi, Heli Koivumaa-Honkanen, Sanna-Kaisa Herukka, Anne M. Remes, Eino Solje, Annakaisa Haapasalo
Summary: This study suggests that GFAP in blood can differentiate between FTLD and PPD patients, predicting shorter survival and more severe brain atrophy in FTLD patients. The levels of sGFAP and bGFAP were elevated in FTLD group compared to PPD or control groups, showing strong correlation and diagnostic potential for differentiating FTLD and PPD.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY NEUROSURGERY AND PSYCHIATRY
(2021)
Article
Veterinary Sciences
Tamar S. de Boer, Montse M. Diaz Espineira, Paul J. J. Mandigers
Summary: The clinical significance of E. cuniculi infection in young dogs is likely limited, despite elevated IgM titers and positive PCR results indicating infection.
FRONTIERS IN VETERINARY SCIENCE
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Marina P. Valerio, Julieta Lomastro, Ana Igoa, Diego J. Martino
Summary: Recent research examined the relationship between neurological soft signs (NSS) and various variables in bipolar disorder (BD) patients. The study found that NSS were negatively associated with years of education and increased with age. Additionally, BD type I patients had higher NSS scores compared to BD type II patients. NSS were also correlated with lower premorbid IQ and poorer performance in attention, language, and executive functions. However, when included in a multiple regression model, NSS did not significantly contribute to functional outcomes.
EUROPEAN ARCHIVES OF PSYCHIATRY AND CLINICAL NEUROSCIENCE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Sheelakumari Raghavan, Scott A. Przybelski, Timothy G. Lesnick, Angela J. Fought, Robert I. Reid, Robel K. Gebre, B. Gwen Windham, Alicia Algeciras-Schimnich, Mary M. Machulda, Maria Vassilaki, David S. Knopman, Clifford R. Jack Jr, Ronald C. Petersen, Jonathan Graff-Radford, Prashanthi Vemuri
Summary: This study evaluated non-imaging indicators of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-measured white matter (WM) damage and found that these indicators differ based on age. Vascular risk factors and gait measures were associated with early VCID changes measured using diffusion MRI, while plasma markers explained variability in white matter hyperintensities (WMH) across age strata. Most non-imaging measures explained variability in WMH and vascular WM scores in intermediate and older age groups. The framework developed here can be used to evaluate new non-imaging VCID indicators proposed in the future.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alberto Romagnolo, Roberta Balestrino, Gabriele Imbalzano, Giovannino Ciccone, Franco Riccardini, Carlo Alberto Artusi, Marco Bozzali, Bruno Ferrero, Elisa Montalenti, Elisa Montanaro, Mario Giorgio Rizzone, Giovanna Vaula, Maurizio Zibetti, Leonardo Lopiano
Summary: This study evaluated the prevalence of neurological comorbidities in COVID-19 patients and found that neurological comorbidity is associated with COVID-19 severity. Patients with cerebrovascular diseases and cognitive impairment are particularly at higher risk for severe COVID-19.
JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2021)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Floor C. Loonstra, Lodewijk R. J. de Ruiter, Marleen J. A. Koel-Simmelink, Menno M. Schoonheim, Eva M. M. Strijbis, Bastiaan Moraal, Frederik Barkhof, Bernard M. J. Uitdehaag, Charlotte Teunissen, Joep Killestein
Summary: This study explores the association between novel blood biomarkers (sNfL, sGFAP, and sCNTN1) and disability outcome measures and MRI volumes in people with multiple sclerosis (MS). The results indicate that sNfL and sGFAP are associated with disease progression, while sCNTN1 is not related to clinical or MRI measures.
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Heinz Wiendl, Klaus Schmierer, Suzanne Hodgkinson, Tobias Derfuss, Andrew Chan, Finn Sellebjerg, Anat Achiron, Xavier Montalban, Alexandre Prat, Nicola De Stefano, Frederik Barkhof, Letizia Leocani, Patrick Vermersch, Anita Chudecka, Claire Mwape, Kristina H. Holmberg, Ursula Boschert, Sanjeev Roy, MAGNIFY-MS Study Grp
Summary: Cladribine tablets cause a reduction in lymphocytes, with a predominant effect on B-cell and T-cell counts. The MAGNIFY-MS substudy reports the dynamic changes on multiple peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) subtypes and immunoglobulin (Ig) levels over 12 months after the first course of cladribine tablets in patients with highly active relapsing multiple sclerosis (MS).
NEUROLOGY-NEUROIMMUNOLOGY & NEUROINFLAMMATION
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Anna Inguanzo, Konstantinos Poulakis, Rosaleena Mohanty, Christopher G. Schwarz, Scott A. Przybelski, Patricia Diaz-Galvan, Val J. Lowe, Bradley F. Boeve, Afina W. Lemstra, Marleen van de Beek, Wiesje van der Flier, Frederik Barkhof, Frederic Blanc, Paulo Loureiro de Sousa, Nathalie Philippi, Benjamin Cretin, Catherine Demuynck, Zuzana Nedelska, Jakub Hort, Barbara Segura, Carme Junque, Ketil Oppedal, Dag Aarsland, Eric Westman, Kejal Kantarci, Daniel Ferreira
Summary: Using MRI data, we identified three subtypes of Dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB): older subtype with reduced cortical GM volumes and worse cognition, subtype with low GM volumes in fronto-occipital regions, and a younger subtype with the highest cortical GM volumes, lower GM volumes in basal ganglia, and cognitive fluctuations. These subtypes have implications for clinical practice, research, and treatment decisions.
NPJ PARKINSONS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
C. Mallinckrodt, Y. Tian, P. S. Aisen, F. Barkhof, S. Cohen, G. Dent, O. Hansson, K. Harrison, T. Iwatsubo, C. J. Mummery, K. K. Muralidharan, I. Nestorov, L. Nisenbaum, R. Rajagovindan, C. von Hehn, C. H. van Dyck, B. Vellas, S. Wu, Y. Zhu, A. Sandrock, T. Chen, S. Budd Haeberlein
Summary: Post-hoc analyses of the EMERGE and ENGAGE studies showed that the outcomes in the high-dose group of ENGAGE were affected by an imbalance in a small number of rapidly progressing patients and lower exposure to the target dose. However, these factors were only present in early enrolled patients and did not affect later enrolled patients. Baseline characteristics and amyloid-related imaging abnormalities did not contribute to the difference in results between the high-dose arms.
JPAD-JOURNAL OF PREVENTION OF ALZHEIMERS DISEASE
(2023)
Article
Geriatrics & Gerontology
Eva Y. L. Tan, Niels Janssen, Ron Handels, Inez H. G. B. Ramakers, Frans R. J. Verhey, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Rene J. F. Melis, Marcel G. M. Olde Rikkert, Jos M. G. A. Schols, Marjolein E. de Vugt
Summary: The objective of this study was to investigate the health-related quality of life (HRQol) of family caregivers of individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and to explore possible determinants and differences compared to caregivers of individuals with mild dementia. The study found no significant difference in HRQoL between family caregivers of individuals with MCI and mild dementia. However, caregiver characteristics, such as being a spouse and having a lower educational level, were associated with lower HRQoL.
AGING & MENTAL HEALTH
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Liu Shi, Jin Xu, Rebecca Green, Asger Wretlind, Jan Homann, Noel J. Buckley, Betty M. Tijms, Stephanie J. B. Vos, Christina M. Lill, Mara ten Kate, Sebastiaan Engelborghs, Kristel Sleegers, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Anders Wallin, Alberto Lleo, Julius Popp, Pablo Martinez-Lage, Johannes Streffer, Frederik Barkhof, Henrik Zetterberg, Pieter Jelle Visser, Simon Lovestone, Lars Bertram, Alejo J. Nevado-Holgado, Petroula Proitsi, Cristina Legido-Quigley
Summary: This study employed an integrative system and causal inference approach to explore molecular signatures in blood and CSF, the AT(N) framework, MCI conversion to AD, and genetic risk for AD. Using the EMIF-AD cohort, the researchers measured proteins and metabolites in blood and CSF, as well as genotyped whole-blood samples. They found associations between AT(N) framework and protein/lipid hubs, and identified Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 7 as a potential causative factor for AD.
ALZHEIMERS & DEMENTIA
(2023)
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma M. Coomans, Jori Tomassen, Rik Ossenkoppele, Betty M. Tijms, Luigi Lorenzini, Mara ten Kate, Lyduine E. Collij, Fiona Heeman, Roos M. Rikken, Sophie M. van der Landen, Marijke E. den Hollander, Sandeep S. Golla, Maqsood Yaqub, Albert D. Windhorst, Frederik Barkhof, Philip Scheltens, Eco J. C. de Geus, Pieter Jelle Visser, Bart N. M. van Berckel, Anouk den Braber
Summary: The amyloid cascade hypothesis has played a significant role in Alzheimer's disease research and clinical trial designs. This study investigated the relationship between amyloid-beta and tau at the individual and twin-pair levels, aiming to rule out genetic and shared environmental effects as confounders. The findings suggest that the associations between amyloid-beta, tau, neurodegeneration, and cognition are unbiased by genetic factors, and the effects of amyloid-beta on neurodegeneration and cognitive decline are mediated by tau.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Diana I. Bocancea, Anna L. Svenningsson, Anna C. van Loenhoud, Colin Groot, Frederik Barkhof, Olof Strandberg, Ruben Smith, Renaud La Joie, Howard J. Rosen, Michael J. Pontecorvo, Gil D. Rabinovici, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Oskar Hansson, Rik Ossenkoppele
Summary: The mechanisms of resilience against tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease spectrum are not well understood. This longitudinal study investigates the factors that contribute to cognitive and brain resilience against tau pathology and finds that education is the most important determinant of resilience. However, resilience may be depleted in advanced stages of the disease.
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Frederik Barkhof, David S. Knopman
Summary: One puzzling observation in Alzheimer's disease therapeutic trials is that treatment with anti-amyloid-beta agents does not preserve brain volume. In a recent study, Alves et al. conducted a meta-analysis and found that these agents do not slow the rate of brain volume loss. In fact, depending on the drug class, they can even accelerate loss of whole-brain and hippocampal volume and increase ventricular volume.
Article
Multidisciplinary Sciences
Emily Baker, Ganna Leonenko, Karl Michael Schmidt, Matthew Hill, Amanda J. Myers, Maryam Shoai, Itziar de Rojas, Niccolo Tesi, Henne Holstege, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Yolande A. L. Pijnenburg, Agustin Ruiz, John Hardy, Sven van der Lee, Valentina Escott-Price
Summary: Late-onset Alzheimer's disease has a strong genetic component, and the heritability estimates range from 38% to 66%. The APOE region and microglial-related genes play important roles in the genetic architecture of the disease.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Alberto Calvi, Zoe Mendelsohn, Weaam Hamed, Declan Chard, Carmen Tur, Jon Stutters, David MacManus, Baris Kanber, Claudia A. M. Gandini Wheeler-Kingshott, Frederik Barkhof, Ferran Prados
Summary: This study retrospectively analyzed a fingolimod trial in patients with primary progressive MS (PPMS) and found that newly appearing lesions are common and can develop into chronic active lesions. Treatment can reduce the number of these lesions.
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Editorial Material
Clinical Neurology
Wiesje M. van der Flier, Betty M. Tijms
NATURE REVIEWS NEUROLOGY
(2023)
Article
Neurosciences
Ariane Bollack, Pawel J. Markiewicz, Alle Meije Wink, Lloyd Prosser, Johan Lilja, Pierrick Bourgeat, Jonathan M. Schott, William Coath, Lyduine E. Collij, Hugh G. Pemberton, Gill Farrar, Frederik Barkhof, David M. Cash
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of four novel data-driven metrics against conventional techniques for quantifying amyloid-beta (Aβ) pathology. The results showed that the Aβ load, Aβ index, and CLNMF metrics can provide comparable performance to established quantification methods. These new metrics may offer more precise alternatives and further studies in larger cohorts should be conducted.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Emma M. Coomans, Lotte A. de Koning, Roos M. Rikken, Sander C. J. Verfaillie, Denise Visser, Anouk den Braber, Jori Tomassen, Marleen van de Beek, Lyduine E. Collij, Afina W. Lemstra, Albert D. Windhorst, Frederik Barkhof, Sandeep S. V. Golla, Pieter Jelle Visser, Philip Scheltens, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Rik Ossenkoppele, Bart N. M. van Berckel, Elsmarieke van de Giessen
Summary: This study evaluated the performance of the visual read method in participants along the AD continuum and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), showing excellent inter-reader agreement, strong correspondence with semiquantification, and associations with clinically relevant variables. The visual read status remained stable over a two-year follow-up period and was associated with a decline in Mini-Mental State Examination scores, indicating its reliability and prognostic potential. Future studies in unselected cohorts are needed for better generalizability to the clinical population.
Article
Clinical Neurology
Ying Jin, Dan Cheng, Yunyun Duan, Zhizheng Zhuo, Jinyuan Weng, Chengzhou Zhang, Mingwang Zhu, Xing Liu, Jiang Du, Tiantian Hua, Hongfang Li, Sven Haller, Frederik Barkhof, Yaou Liu
Summary: The purpose of this study was to investigate the predictive value of the soap bubble sign on molecular subtypes of posterior fossa ependymomas (PF-EPNs). The soap bubble sign was observed in PFB cases but not in PFA cases. The findings suggest that the soap bubble sign is a highly specific imaging marker for the PFB molecular subtype of PF-EPNs.