Article
Oncology
Marlon Wendell Athaydes Kerr, Fabio Magalhaes-Gama, Hiochelson Najibe Santos Ibiapina, Fabiola Silva Alves Hanna, Lilyane Amorim Xabregas, Eliana Brasil Alves, Joao Paulo Diniz Pimentel, Maria Perpetuo Socorro Sampaio Carvalho, Andrea Monteiro Tarrago, Andrea Teixeira-Carvalho, Olindo Assis Martins-Filho, Allyson Guimaraes da Costa, Adriana Malheiro
Summary: New prognostic markers are needed in B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (B-ALL) patients to improve treatment accuracy and quality of life. The study identified CCL5, IFN-γ, and IL-2 as potential candidates for good prognosis, and CCL2 as a late biomarker associated with poor prognosis. The controversial data on IL-17A and TNF did not allow for a clear definition as positive or negative biomarkers.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Oncology
Zixi Hong, Zimeng Wei, Tian Xie, Lin Fu, Jiaxing Sun, Fuling Zhou, Muhammad Jamal, Qiuping Zhang, Liang Shao
Summary: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is regulated by various signaling molecules such as cytokines and adhesion molecules in its microenvironment. Chemokines play important roles in leukemia microenvironment and affect ALL outcomes. Targeting chemokine axes for ALL treatments shows potential, with some related inhibitors entering clinical trials.
JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY & ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Jonathan Tucci, Ting Chen, Katherine Margulis, Etan Orgel, Rebecca L. Paszkiewicz, Michael D. Cohen, Matthew J. Oberley, Rachel Wahhab, Anthony E. Jones, Ajit S. Divakaruni, Cheng-Chih Hsu, Sarah E. Noll, Xia Sheng, Richard N. Zare, Steven D. Mittelman
Summary: The study found that adipocytes release free fatty acids in the presence of acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells, which are taken up by the leukemia cells and incorporated into triglycerides and phospholipids. Adipocyte-derived lipids can relieve ALL cell endogenous lipogenesis and reverse the cytotoxicity of chemotherapy, altering cell metabolism from glucose to fatty acid oxidation. Targeting lipid synthesis and metabolism may potentially reverse adipocyte protection of ALL cells.
FRONTIERS IN ONCOLOGY
(2021)
Review
Cell & Tissue Engineering
Jane Liesveld, Jaques Galipeau
Summary: The study of marrow-resident mesodermal progenitors is important for understanding their role in influencing normal and aberrant hematopoiesis, such as in AML and MDS. Culture-adapted mesodermal cells provide insights into the role of these niche cells in physiological, malignant, and inflammatory states. This review focuses on culture-adapted human MSCs and their influence in AML and MDS, as well as their responses to myeloid malignancies, injury, and inflammation.
Article
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Krzysztof Jedraszek, Marta Malczewska, Karolina Parysek-Wojcik, Monika Lejman
Summary: Despite advances in medicine, acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains a challenge for pediatric clinicians due to treatment resistance and disease relapse. This article focuses on B-cell leukemia patients and examines prognostic factors, mechanisms of resistance to therapy, and the impact of genetic factors, including TCF3::HLF translocation. It also compares treatment protocols and explores the resistance of cancer cells to innovative therapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2022)
Article
Oncology
Sarah Schober, Jennifer M. Rottenberger, Johannes Hilz, Evi Schmid, Martin Ebinger, Tobias Feuchtinger, Rupert Handgretinger, Peter Lang, Manon Queudeville
Summary: The immune environment plays a crucial role in various types of cancer. This study investigates the influence of Th1 cytokines on pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). The findings suggest that TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma can induce apoptosis in ALL cells, though the reaction varies among different cells. The high expression of IFN-gamma receptor and subsequent activation of STAT1 are correlated with cell death.
CANCER IMMUNOLOGY IMMUNOTHERAPY
(2023)
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Mateusz Gorecki, Ilona Koziol, Agnieszka Kopystecka, Julia Budzynska, Joanna Zawitkowska, Monika Lejman
Summary: The KMT2A gene is a common target for recurrent translocations in various types of leukemia, and its rearrangement has significant prognostic implications.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Anca Viorica Ivanov, Mirabela Smaranda Alecsa, Roxana Popescu, Magdalena Iuliana Starcea, Adriana Maria Mocanu, Cristina Rusu, Ingrith Crenguta Miron
Summary: In the past 40 years, the survival rate for pediatric cancer has greatly improved, reaching 75-80%. However, leukemia still remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in specific patient populations. The future of leukemia treatment lies in molecular therapies, immune therapy, and cellular therapy. Recent advances in the field have led to the development of novel therapies for childhood leukemia, including targeted therapies and immunotherapies.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2023)
Article
Medicine, Research & Experimental
Xueliang Gao, Shenghui Qin, Yongxia Wu, Chen Chu, Baishan Jiang, Roger H. Johnson, Dong Kuang, Jie Zhang, Xi Wang, Anand Mehta, Kenneth D. Tew, Gustavo W. Leone, Xue-Zhong Yu, Haizhen Wang
Summary: PFKP, the major isoform of PFK1 in T-ALL, functions as a nucleocytoplasmic shuttling protein with nuclear export and localization sequences. Nuclear PFKP promotes the expression of CXCR4 to facilitate T-ALL cell invasion, which can be blocked with CXCR4 antagonists. The presence of nuclear PFKP in T cell malignancy correlates with poor survival and suggests its potential as a diagnostic marker.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
(2021)
Article
Cell Biology
Anastasia M. M. Hughes, Vincent Kuek, Joyce Oommen, Grace-Alyssa Chua, Maria van Loenhout, Sebastien Malinge, Rishi S. S. Kotecha, Laurence C. C. Cheung
Summary: Components of the bone marrow microenvironment (BMM) play a significant role in the development, progression, and treatment response of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). This study investigated the cellular and transcriptome profiles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from the BMM of an immunocompetent BCR-ABL1(+) model of B-ALL. The findings showed that leukemia-associated MSCs had reduced self-renewal capacity, upregulation of inflammatory signaling pathways, and downregulation of genes involved in extracellular matrix organization and osteoblastogenesis.
FRONTIERS IN CELL AND DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY
(2023)
Review
Cell Biology
Huan Xu, Hui Yu, Runming Jin, Xiaoyan Wu, Hongbo Chen
Summary: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia is characterized by genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, with epigenetic mechanisms playing a significant role in leukemogenesis. Compared to genetic alterations, epigenetic abnormalities are relatively reversible with small molecule-based agents.
Article
Medicine, General & Internal
Jae Won Yoo, Ari Ahn, Jong-Mi Lee, Suejung Jo, Seongkoo Kim, Jae Wook Lee, Bin Cho, Yonggoo Kim, Myungshin Kim, Nack-Gyun Chung
Summary: This study investigated the mutational spectrum in pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in Korea using next-generation sequencing (NGS) technology. The most frequently mutated genes and pathways were identified in B-cell ALL and T-cell ALL, and several pairs of co-occurring mutations were found. The study also revealed the most frequent newly emerged mutation in relapsed ALL.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2022)
Review
Medicine, General & Internal
Hiroto Inaba, Ching-Hon Pui
Summary: Over the past five decades, the outcomes of pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have significantly improved, with 5-year survival rates exceeding 90% in high-income countries. The goal for the next decade is to further increase survival towards 100% and minimize treatment-related adverse effects. Genome-wide analyses have allowed for the classification of ALL into various subtypes, with treatment response and minimal residual disease analysis providing insights for new therapeutic strategies.
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MEDICINE
(2021)
Article
Oncology
Valeria Tosello, Deborah Bongiovanni, Jingjing Liu, Qingfei Pan, Koon-kiu Yan, Valentina Saccomani, Maaike Van Trimpont, Marco Pizzi, Martina Mazzoni, Angelo Paolo Dei Tos, Alberto Amadori, Paola Zanovello, Pieter Van Vlierberghe, Jiyang Yu, Erich Piovan
Summary: Therapeutic targeting of GLI transcription factors by GANT-61 is effective against NOTCH1 unmutated T-ALL cells, as GLI1 contributes to T-ALL progression through modulation of AKT and CXCR4 signaling pathways. There is also a novel cross-talk between GLI factors and FOXC1, where FOXC1 can stabilize GLI1/2 protein levels.
Review
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Erica Dander, Chiara Palmi, Giovanna D'Amico, Giovanni Cazzaniga
Summary: Genetic lesions predisposing to pediatric B-ALL can lead to a clinically silent pre-leukemic phase. Inflammation in the microenvironment is crucial for promoting genetic instability and disease manifestation. Interaction between leukemic cells and the surrounding microenvironment influences leukemia development, chemoresistance, and other properties, highlighting the importance of a dual targeting therapeutic strategy.
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
(2021)